英译汉教程5-补充的翻译技巧

Chapter5AdditionAdditionAdditionmeanstosupplynecessarywordsintranslation,makingtheversiongrammaticallycorrect,semanticallyclear,rhetoricallysound,logicallyacceptable,andculturallyappropriate.ThreeaspectstocoverStructuraladdition(结构性增补)Semanticaddition（语义性增补）Rhetoricaladdition（修辞性增补）StructuraladditionEnglish:omission,substitutionChinese:repetitionWhatisomittedorsubstitutedinEnglishmaybesuppliedintheChinesetranslation.WordsnecessaryinstructureorcollocationmaybesuppliedintheChinesetranslation.1.Meantimethemarketkeptgrowing,andthedemandrising.

同时，市场持续扩大，需求持续增长。2.Bybirth，hewasanEnglishman;byprofession,asailor;byinstinctandtraining,arebel.

论出生，他是英国人；论职业，他是一名水手；论本性和所受到的教育，他是个叛逆者。3.Foreveryaction,thereisanequalandoppositereaction.

每种作用力都有大小

相等，方向相反的反作用力。4.Youcannotbuildaship,ahouseoramachinetoolifyoudonotknowhowtomakeorreadadesign.

如果不懂制图或看不懂图纸，就不能造

船、盖

房子或制造

机床。SemanticadditionSupplyingsupplementarynounstomakethemeaningconcreteandclear.

eg.foolhardiness蛮干作风

arrogance傲慢态度

loftiness崇高气质

fault-finding吹毛求疵的做法

irregularities越轨行为1.Whattheywantedmostwasanendtouncertainties.

他们最希望的就是结束这摇摆不定的局面。2.Themajorprobleminfabrication

isthecontrolofcontaminationandforeignmaterials.制造过程中的主要问题是如何控制污染和杂质。3.Thisisthedayforourtwopeoplestorisetotheheightsofgreatnesswhichcanbuildanewandabetterworld.

现在该是我们两国人民为缔造一个新的、更美的世界而攀登这一伟大境界

高峰的时候了。Supplyingsupplementaryverbstoexplainthemeaningofnouns.1.Footstepsannouncedhisreturn.

听见脚步声，知道他回来了。2.Theweightofabodychangeswithitsaltitude.

物体重量随着所处高度而改变。3.Iconsideritasnothinglessthanaquestionoffreedomorslavery.

我认为这完全是一个要么赢得自由，要么沦为奴隶的问题。Supplyingillustrativewordsorexpressionsforbetterunderstanding“一种文化里不言而喻的东西，在另一种文化里却要飞很大力气加以解释。”（王佐良）TomakeexplicitinthereceptorlanguagewhatcouldverywellremainimplicitinthesourcelanguagebywayofsupplyingillustrativewordsorexpressionsSupplyingsummarizingwordsSupplyingconnectorsforbettercohesion

eg.Theunremittingattentionpaidtoourdevelopmentdoesnotleaveusindifferenttotheproblemsthatagitateourworld.

虽然我们一贯注重本国发展，但我们并不因此对震动世界的问题漠不关心。

RhetoricaladditionNecessarywordsorexpressionsmaybeaddedtomakethetranslationmoreexpressive,idiomatic,andappealingtotheChinesereader.增补副词加强语气增补语气助词增补叠词增补为四字短语

1.Whathaveyougottobesoproudof?

你究竟有啥了不起的？2.Inspiteofthefactthatyoutreathimverywell,heisayellowdog.

你虽然待他好，但他到底是个可鄙的家伙。3.Thehostcarved,poured,served,talkedandlaughed.

主人割肉呀，斟酒呀，端菜呀，又说又笑，忙个不停。4.It’sstrangethatsheshouldhavegivenawayavillalikethat.那么好端端一栋别墅，她竟白白送了人，真是有点可疑。5.Theirextravagancewasfrighteninginitsvulgarityanditsirresponsibility.他们穷奢极欲，其粗俗下流、放纵无度的程度令人发指。ConclusionAdditionisrequiredwhenliteraltranslationisinadequateorconfusing.Explanationsmaybeaddedwhenthesourcetextcontainssomeculturalorbackgroundinformationunfamiliartothereaders.增译法的原则：增词不增意