福特汽车公司发展历史英文简介

HistoryofFordMotorCompany

ThemainbrandsofFord

HenryFord'sfirstattemptatacarcompanyunderhisownnamewastheHenryFordCompanyonNovember3,1901.Duringitsearlyyears,thecompanyproducedjustafewcarsaday.Groupsoftwoorthreemenworkedoneachcar,assemblingitfrompartsmademostlybysuppliercompaniescontractingforFord.Withinadecadethecompanywouldleadtheworldintheexpansionandrefinementoftheassemblylineconcept;andFordsoonbroughtmuchofthepartproductionin-houseinaverticalintegrationthatseemedabetterpathfortheera.

HenryFordwas40yearsoldwhenhefoundedtheFordMotorCompany,whichwouldgoontobecomeoneoftheworld'slargestandmostprofitablecompanies,aswellasbeingonetosurvivetheGreatDepression.

In1908Fordintroducedthefirstenginewitharemovablecylinderhead,intheModelT.In1930,FordintroducedtheModelA,thefirstcarwithsafetyglassinthewindshield.FordlaunchedthefirstlowpricedV8enginepoweredcarin1932.

FordofferedtheLifeguardsafetypackagefrom1956,whichincludedsuchinnovationsasastandarddeep-dishsteeringwheel,optionalfront,and,forthefirsttimeinacar,rearseatbelts,andanoptionalpaddeddash.Fordintroducedchild-proofdoorlocksintoitsproductsin1957,andinthesameyearofferedthefirstretractablehardtoponamass-producedsix-seatercar.TheFordMustangwasintroducedin1964.In1965Fordintroducedtheseatbeltreminderlight.

Withthe1980s,Fordintroducedseveralhighlysuccessfulvehiclesaroundtheworld.In1990and1994respectively,FordalsoacquiredJaguarCarsandAstonMartin.Duringthelate1990s,Fordcontinuedtoselllargenumbersofvehicles,inaboomingAmericaneconomywithasoaringstockmarketandlowfuelprices.

By2005,bothFordandGM'scorporatebondshadbeendowngradedtojunkstatus,asaresultofhighU.S.healthcarecostsforanagingworkforce,soaringgasolineprices,erodingmarketshare,andanoverdependenceondecliningSUVsales.Inthelatterhalfof2005,ChairmanBillFordaskednewlyappointedFordAmericasDivisionPresidentMarkFieldstodevelopaplantoreturnthecompanytoprofitability.FieldspreviewedthePlan,namedTheWayForward,attheDecember7,2005boardmeetingofthecompanyanditwasunveiledtothepubliconJanuary23,2006."TheWayForward"includedresizingthecompanytomatchmarketrealities,droppingsomeunprofitableandinefficientmodels,consolidatingproductionlines,closing14factoriesandcutting30,000jobs.

Fordmovedtointroducearangeofnewvehicles,including"CrossoverSUVs"builtonunibodycarplatforms,ratherthanmorebody-on-framechassis.IndevelopingthehybridelectricpowertraintechnologiesfortheFordEscapeHybridSUV,FordlicensedsimilarToyotahybridtechnologiestoavoidpatentinfringements.FordannouncedthatitwillteamupwithelectricitysupplycompanySouthernCaliforniaEdison(SCE)toexaminethefutureofplug-inhybridsintermsofhowhomeandvehicleenergysystemswillworkwiththeelectricalgrid.Underthemulti-million-dollar,multi-yearproject,FordwillconvertademonstrationfleetofFordEscapeHybridsintoplug-inhybrids,andSCEwillevaluatehowthevehiclesmightinteractwiththehomeandtheutility'selectricalgrid.Someofthevehicleswillbeevaluated"intypicalcustomersettings",accordingtoFord.

FordandtheUnitedAutoWorkers,representingapproximately46,000hourlyworkersinNorthAmerica,agreedtoahistoriccontractsettlementinNovember2007givingthecompanyasubstantialbreakintermsofitsongoingretireehealthcarecostsandothereconomicissues.Theagreementincludedtheestablishmentofacompany-funded,independentlyrunVoluntaryEmployeeBeneficiaryAssociation(VEBA)trusttoshifttheburdenofretireehealthcarefromthecompany'sbooks,therebyimprovingitsbalancesheet.ThisarrangementtookeffectonJanuary1,2010.

Theautomakerreportedthelargestannuallossincompanyhistoryin2006of$12.7billion,andestimatedthatitwouldnotreturntoprofitabilityuntil2009.However,FordsurprisedWallStreetinthesecondquarterof2007bypostinga$750millionprofit.Despitethegains,thecompanyfinishedtheyearwitha$2.7billionloss,largelyattributedtofinancerestructuringatVolvo.

DuringNovember2008,Ford,togetherwithChryslerandGeneralMotors,soughtgovernmentbridgeloansatCongressionalhearingsinWashington,D.C.inthefaceofconditionscausedbythe2008financialcrisis.Thethreecompaniespresentedactionplansforthesustainabilityoftheindustry.Fordoptednottoseekgovernmentloans.GMandChryslerreceivedgovernmentloansandfinancingthroughT.A.R.P.legislationfundingprovisions.OnDecember19,thecostofcreditdefaultswapstoinsurethedebtofFordwas68percentthesuminsuredforfiveyearsinadditiontoannualpaymentsof5percent.ThroughApril2009,Ford'sstrategyofdebtforequityexchanges,erased$9.9billioninliabilities(28%ofitstotal),inordertoleverageitscashposition.TheseactionsyieldedForda$2.7billionprofitinfiscalyear2009,thecompany'sfirstfull-yearprofitinfouryears.

In2012,Ford'scorporatebondswereupgradedfromjunktoinvestmentgradeagain,citingsustainable,lastingimprovements.Thankyou!教你写字

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下面是赠送的PPT模板不需要朋友可以下载后编辑删除！！谢谢！！感恩父母天冷时，是他们给你送来温暖有时，他们会对我们发火感恩父母感谢你们把我带到了这个世界感谢你们给了我自由的空气感谢你们谆谆的教导殷殷的嘱托我长大了而你们却老了谁言寸草心报得三春晖我会向你们献上一片诚挚的