状语从句2资料

状语从句2

theAdverbialClauseGrammar状语从句RevisionforTesthowwellyoumasterit?九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词

时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句结果状语从句目的状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句时间状语从句

when,while,as,before,after,till,until,assoonas,themoment,theminute,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,(hardly---when,nosooner---than)sincethefirst/lasttime,eachtime,nexttime,地点状语从句where,wherever,everywhere条件状语从句

if,unless,as\solongas,onconditionthat,incase,

suppose/supposing,provided/providing

(假如，如果，在---的条件下)原因状语从句because,since,as,nowthat,seeingthat,consideringthat让步状语从句although,though,eventhough/if,as,while,nomatterwhich/what/when/where/who/how,whichever,wherever,whatever,whoever,whenever,however,whether…or；结果状语从句sothat,so…that,such…that

sothat\inorderthat,incase,forfearthat,lest

as,asif/asthough

than,as…as,notso/as…as,the+比较级…,the+比较级…目的状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句考点与难点归纳考点与难点归纳考点：各种从属连词的含义及用法难点if条件句中虚拟语气的判断状语从句中的倒装与前置状语从句中时态的对应状语从句与其它从句的区别时间状语从句1.（2012全国Ⅱ）Ihadhardlygottotheoffice___mywifephonedmetogobackhomeatonce.A.whenB.thanC.untilD.after2.(2010全国Ⅱ)Tomwasabouttoclosethewindow___hisattentionwascaughtbyabird.A.ifB.whenC.andD.till3.(2010四川20)Becauseoftheheavytraffic,itwasalreadytimeforlunchbreak___shegottoheroffice.A.sinceB.thatC.whenD.until4.(2009福建,33)Shehadjustfinishedherhomework___hermotheraskedhertopractiseplayingthepianoyesterday.A.whileB.afterC.whenD.since5.Wehadhardlygotintothecinema___thefilmbegan.A.thanB.whileC.whenD.as重点1ACBCCwhen用法归纳when从句中动词既可以是延续性也可以是非延续性；可与主句同时发生也可先后发生。

Whenthelessonwasover,webeganourwriting.whenwegottotheairport,theguestshadleft.1)主语+wasabouttodo\wasonthepointofdoing…when…

主语(从句)+did…正要做…突然…2)主语+wasdoing…when主语(从句)+did…正在做…突然…3)主语+haddone…when主语(从句)+did…刚做完…突然…

hadhardly/scarcelydone…when…

一…就…2.

when=andthensuddenly突然，就在那时3.when=since;consideringthat。既然，鉴于e.g.Whenhehasrefusedyourproposal,whydoyousticktoit?

既然他已经拒绝了你的提议，你为何还要坚持呢？1.Someoneknockedatthedoor____shewascooking.A.whileB.althoughC.asifD.since2.(2012湖南,28)____IalwaysfeltIwouldpasstheexam,IneverthoughtIwouldgetanA.A.WhileB.OnceC.IfD.Until3.(2012四川,4)Atschool,somestudentsareactive____someareshy,yettheycanbegoodfriendswithoneanother.A.soB.whileC.althoughD.asAABwhile用法归纳

1.while引导的时间状语从句中动作必须是持续性的，且侧重主句与从句的对比。2.while可作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。

3.while可引导让步状语从句意为“虽然，尽管”，相当于although（多置于句首）。

连接词when,while,as的用法区别

1.while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，而

when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是短暂性的动词。

如：When/Whilehewaseatinghisbreakfast,heheardabignoise.WhenIstoppedmycar,amancameuptome.(不可用while)2.从句动作发生在主句动作之前时，只能用when引导,不可用as

或while.

如:Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.3.表示“随着…”，或“一边…一边…”时，连词只能用as。

如：Astheelectionapproached,theviolencegotworse.4．如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句为延续性动作的进行时表示正在进行的动作时，when,while与as可互换使用。

如：When/While/AsIwasreading,someonecalledme.Scientists

say

it

may

be

five

or

six

years

_____it

is

possible

to

test

this

medicine

on

human

patients.

A.

since

B.

after

C.

before

D.

when

before的用法小结1:Itwas/lasted/seemed+段时间+beforesbdidsth

2:Itwasnot+段时间+beforesbdidsth3:Itwill/may…be+段时间+beforesbdoessth4：Itwon’tbe+段时间+beforesbdoessth

过了…才…没过…就…要过…才…要不了…就会…C重点25：表示“还未来得及……就……”，HejumpedintothewaterbeforeIcould

stophim．6：表示“趁还没……”。

You

should

do

it

before

it

is

too

late.

7：表示“一……就”、“刚刚……就”。与hardly,scarcely连用Hehadhardlygonetobedbefore(=when)

thedoorbellrang．8.表示“不知不觉多少时间已经过去了”。Timepassedquicklyandthreemonthswentbybeforeheknewit．

since的用法小结

1:主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时Hehasstudiedveryhardsincehecametoourschool.

2：固定句型：Itis/hasbeen＋段时间＋sincesbdid…自从某人做…已经…Itis4yearssincehejoinedthearmy.*Itishalfamonthsincehewasill他病愈已有半月。重点3since从句中为非延续性动词，表自从..已有多长时间;从句中为延续性动词如live,be,smoke等时意思为：不…已有多长时间了。It’s3yearssincehebegantosmoke.It’s3yearssincehesmoked.他抽烟已经三年了他戒烟已经三年了bythetime(到…为止）用法bythetime从句用过去时,主句用过去完成时从句用一般现在时，主句的谓语动词用将来完成时。Bythetimeyoucameback,Ihadfinishedthisbook.

Bythetimeyoucomeheretomorrow,Iwillhavefinishedthiswork.

到你回来时，我已经写完这本书了。你明天来这儿的时候,我将已经完成此工作了。

重点41.(01北京春)－DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?

－Yes.Igaveittoher______Isawher.A.while B.themoment C.suddenly D.once2.(1998上海)Ithoughtherniceandhonest______Imether.A.firsttime B.forthefirsttime C.thefirsttime D.bythefirsttime3.______enteredtheofficewhenherealizedthathehadforgottenhisreport.A.Hehardlyhad B.Hadhehardly C.Hardlyhadhe D.HardlyhehadBCC重点5:小结：1．一些词，如themoment,theminute,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,hardly…when,scarcely…when,nosooner…than等也可引导一个时间状语从句，相当于assoonas的意思。2．一些含有time的名词短语，如everytime,eachtime,nexttime,bythetime等，以及theday,theyear,themorning等，也可引导一个时间状语从句。

Thedayhereturnedhome,hisfatherwasalreadydead.Nexttimeyoucome,pleasebringyourcomposition.3.如果hardly或nosooner或scarcely置于句首，句子必须用部分倒装结构。

HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.1.(03北京春)－Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?

－Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhim______hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.A.after B.unlessC.until D.when2.(2011上海）Ifalotofpeoplesayafilmisnotgood,Iwon’tbothertoseeit,orI’llwait___itcomesoutonDVD.A.thoughB.whetherC.afterD.until3.Itwasnot______shetookoffherdarkglasses______Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.A.when;that B.until;that C.until;when D.when;thenCDB重点6小结：till,until和not…until：1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如：

Wewaiteduntilhecame.2．用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如：

Hewon’tgotobedtill/untilshereturns.3．till不可以置于句首，而until可以。4．not…until句型中的强调和倒装说法：

ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.条件状语从句1.(2012福建,30）ItishardfortheGreekgovernmenttogetoverthepresentdifficulties___itgetsmorefinancialsupportfromtheEuropeanUnion.A.ifB.unlessC.becauseD.since2.(2012江西,31)Youcanborrowmycar____youpromisenottodrivetoofast.A.unlessB.evenifC.incaseD.aslongas3.Hadhefollowedmyadvice,hewouldn’thavemadesuchamistake.unless相当于ifnot，意思是“除非…”“如果不…就…”。条件句中虚拟语气的运用及连接词if的省略。小结重点7BD让步状语从句1.(2012陕西,18）Hot___thenightairwas,wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelongjourney.A.althoughB.asC.whileD.however2.（2012全国课标,25）Idon’tbelievewe’vemetbefore,____Imustsayyoudolookfamiliar.

A.thereforeB.sinceC.althoughD.unless3.(2012湖南,32)_____hardyoutry,itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdowntheamountyoueat.A.HoweverB.WhateverC.WhicheverD.Whenever4.(2012北京,21)----Lookatthoseclouds!----Don’tworry.____itrains,we’llstillhaveagreattime.A.EvenifB.AsthoughC.IncaseD.Ifonly重点8CCAA小结although\though引导的让步状语从句中，主句不可用but.若要强调前后两部分的对比意义，可在主句前加yet或still。如：Althoughhehasalotofmoney,yet\stillheisunhappy.although\though引导的让步状语从句常使用省略形式。（从句主语与主句主语一致时）如：Althoughtired,hekeptonworking.2.as\though引导让步状语从句时，从句往往放在主句的前面，而且用作让步的部分总是提前到句首。如：Oldasheis,heisstillenergetic.Tryashemight,hecouldn’tsolvetheproblem.Cleveboyasheis,hedoesn’tworkhardatall.3.nomatterwh-与wh-ever的联系及区别:

nomatterwh-只引导让步状语从句，此时与wh-ever通用。如:Nomatterwhen/Wheneverhecomesback,heishappy.wh-ever又可引导名词性从句，而nomatterwh-不能。如：WhateverIcandoforyouwillbenothingbutpayingadebt.

其他状语从句Asif\asthough引导的方式状语从句中，如表真实情况用陈述语气；如非真实情况用虚拟语气。如：It’sgettingdarkeranddarkerintheskyasifit’sgoingtorain.shespeaksasifshekneweverythingintheworld.So…that\such…that引导的结果状语从句中，如果so或such连接的部分置于句首时，主句半倒装。如：Sobeautifulalittleboyishethateveryonelikeshim.难点一状语从句的时态问题