高三阅读指导

高三阅读指导会理一中赵仕轩--在句、篇中猜词单句猜词技巧SECTIONONE1、根据定义或解释说明进行推断：①.Apersonwhoisskilledatmakingorrepairingwoodenobjectsiscalledacarpenter.

（木匠）②.Amosquitoisasmallflyingpestthatthruststheskinandthendrinksblood.

（蚊子）

③.Marinebiology,thestudyofoceanicplantsandanimalsandtheirrelationship,hasfurtheredtheefficientdevelopmentoffisheries.（海洋生物学）2、凭借熟知的构词法知识进行推断：①.Thebathingmachinestoppedinthewaterandthebatherwentdownthefrontstepsintothewater.

（洗澡的人）②.Agroupofvisitorslosttheirwayintheforest,andachildtookthemofftoanimpracticableroad.

（不能实行的，行不通的）

③.Thecaptainsenthisonlysontothefrontandhewashighlypraisedforhisunselfishness.（无私）3、根据对比关系推断：要注意表对比或转折关系的副词或连词，如：but,though,still,yet,however,instead,while,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary等。①.Heisusuallypromptforallhisclasses,buttodayhewaslateforthetrafficjam.

（准时的）②.ThoughTom’sfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby.

（脏的）

③.Theboyisnotfoolish,onthecontrary,noonecouldbemoreintelligent.（聪明的，有才智的）4、通过因果关系进行推断：①.Rubbercanbemadetostretchmorethanninetimesitsnormallengthbecauseitisveryelastic.

（有弹性的）②.Theriverissoturbidthatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow.

（浑浊的）

③.Heissuchashrewdbusinessmanthathelosesnomoneyinanytrade.（精明的，厉害的）5、根据同义线索或同等关系进行推断：①.Whenevertherewasathickfoginthecity,thefirstpersontoarrivelateusuallywrotethereason“Delayedbyfog”andtheneveryoneelseafterthatjustput“dito”below.

（同上）②.IntheancientcityofRome,wevisitedeverymansion,church,battlesite,theatreandotherpublichalls.

（建筑物或场所）

6、根据上下文的相互关系关系进行推断：①.Shu

Pulonghashelpedatleast1,000peoplebitten(咬)bysnakes.“Itwasseeingpeoplewithsnakebites(伤口)thatledmetothiscareer,”hesaid.…“ThesadstorytouchedmesomuchthatIdecidedtodevotemyselftohelpingpeoplebittenbysnakes.”Shusaid.

（职业，工作）②.Herbodywascarriedinthehearseandpeoplefollowedittothegraveyard.

（柩车）

7、根据常识或经验进行推断：①.Shewalkedquietlytothesmallroombytheliftandtookoutamop.Shepushedpastthedeskandasthenurselookedup,Mumnoddedandsaid,“Verydirtyfloors.”

（拖把）②.Waterusuallyboilsatonehundreddegreescentigrade.

（摄氏）

8、同义词猜义：①.Thefootballplayerwaspenalizedforunnecessaryroughnessandthepunishmentwasagoodlessonforhim.

（惩罚）②.Herepliedquickly.Butafterheconsideredtheproblemmorecarefully,heregrettedhavingmadesuchahastydecision.

（hasty与quick同义）

③.Theoldwomanhadastrangehabit.Shekeptover100catsinherhouse.Herneighboursallcalledhereccentriclady.（eccentric与strange同义）9、反义词猜义：①.Unlikehisbrother,whoistrulyhandsomeman,Johnisquitehomely.

（homely与handsome是反义词，意为“容貌不好看的”）②.Hehadbeengettingbetterbutduringthenighthisconditiondeteriorated.

（deteriorate与getbetter相反，意为“恶化；变坏”）

10、根据定义猜词：①.Jimjusthummedthetuneofthesong;hedidn’tsingthewords.

（hum与sing同义，意为“哼唱”）②.MarkTwainwasnottheauthor’srealname;itwasapseudonym.

（笔名；假名）

③.Intheevening,afterthefoodorchat,somevillagersinChinawillbidfarewell,orsaygood-byetooneanotherandgohome.（告别）语篇中猜词SECTIONTWO解析[例1]NMET2003，第65题

Fermat’sLastTheorem(定理),firstputforwardbytheFrenchmathematicianPierredeFermatintheseventeenthcentury,thetheoremhadbaffledandbeatenthefinestmathematicalminds,includingaFrenchwomanscientistwhomadeamajoradvanceinworkingouttheproblem,andwhohadtodresslikeamaninordertobeabletostudyattheEcole

Polytechniqye.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthemeaningoftheword“baffle”asitisusedinthetext?A.Toencouragepeopletoraisequestions.B.Tocausedifficultyinunderstanding.C.Toprovideapersonwithanexplanation.D.Tolimitpeople’simagination.B由句中不难看出Fermat的定理使得最具数学头脑的科学家绞尽脑汁(beat),并且在句中beaten和baffled处于同等并列关系，据此推断出baffle为“使困惑、难倒、难以理解”之意。解析[例2]NMET2001第56题

Thelargestplayer—ShanghaiBashiTourismCarRentalCenteroffersawidevarietyofchoices—deluxesedans,minivans,stationwagons,coaches,Santanasedansarethebigfavorite.56.Thewords“deluxesedans,”“minivans”and“stationwagons”usedinthetextreferto_______.A.carsinmaking

B.carrentalfirmsC.CarsforrentD.carmakersC由上海最大的旅游汽车出租公司提供awidevarietyofchoices意为各种各样的不同选择，即differentkindsofchoices,可以判断出出租的是各种车辆。解析[例3]NMET2002第74题

Achild’sbirthdaypartydoesn’thavetobeahassle;itcanbeabasketoffun,accordingtoBethAnaclerio,anEvastonmotheroftwo,ages4and18months.74.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hassle”probablymean?A.apartydesignedbyspecialistsB.aplanrequiringcarefulthoughtC.asituationcausingdifficultyortrouble

D.ademandmadebyguestsC由前句的否定doesn’t与后句的肯定canbe这一对比关系，可以判断出，为了庆祝孩子的生日，又不至于麻烦，可以买一个生日开心包。Hassle的意思应该与fun相反，而与difficulty,trouble相近。例4NMET2001第68题

In1066theNormansledbyWilliamdefeatedtheSaxonsandbegantheirruleoverEngland.Foraboutacentury,FrenchbecametheofficiallanguageofEnglandwhileOldEnglishbecamethelanguageofpeasants.Asaresult,EnglishwordsofpoliticsandthelawcomefromFrenchratherthanGerman.Insomecases,modernEnglishevenshowsadistinction(区别)betweenupper-classFrenchandlower-classAnglo-Saxoninitswords.Weevenhavedifferentwordsforsomefoods,meatinparticular,dependingonwhetheritisstilloutinthefieldsorathomereadytobecooked,whichshowsthefactthattheSaxonpeasantsweredoingthefarming,whiletheupper-classNormansweredoingmostoftheeating.解析68.Whichofthefollowinggroupsofwordsare,byinference,rootedinFrench?A.president,lawyer,beefB.president,bread,water

C.bread,field,water

D.folk,field,cowA由EnglishwordsofpoliticsandthelawcomefromFrenchthanGerman.可知英语的政治和法律词汇多来源于法语，所以president,lawyer来源于法语。由meat,athomereadytobecooked,showsthefactthattheupper-classNormansweredoingmostoftheeating.可知英语涉及食品的词汇具有一种特殊的区分：是在农田中放牧饲养的，还是在家庭里屠宰烹饪后端上餐桌的，例如：猪、牛、羊、鹿在放牧饲养时用本族语称为swine,sheep,ox,deer;但在屠宰烹饪后就用法语称呼为pork,mutton,beef,venison。所以beef来源于法语。解析[例5]NMET2002，第62题

“Organicproduceisalwaysbetter,”Goldsaid.“Thefoodisfreeofpesticides(农药),andyouaregenerallysupportingfamilyfarmsinsteadoflargefarms.Andmoreoftenthannotitislocally(本地)grownandseasonal,soitismoretasty.”Goldisoneofagrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingintotheorganictrend,andsupermarketsacrossBritainarecountingonmorelikehimastheygrowtheirorganicfoodbusiness.Whatisthemeaningof“theorganictrend”asthewordsareusedinthetext?A.growinginterestinorganicfoodB.betterqualityoforganicfoodC.risingmarketfororganicfoodD.higherpricesoforganicfoodA由Goldisoneofagrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingsomething可以推断出，越来越多的顾客像Gold一样开始购买有机食物，其实也就是对这类食物产生了越来越浓厚的兴趣。解析[例6]NMET2001，第66题

Onlyafewyearsago,itwasimpossibletofindgreenproductsinsupermarkets,butnowtherearehundreds.Somesupermarketproductscarrylabels(标签)toshowthattheproductisgreen.Somecompanieshavemadethemanufacturing(生产)ofcleanandsafeproductstheirsellingpointandemphasizeitintheiradvertising.Theunderlinedword“it”intheparagraphrefersto_______.A.growinginterestinorganicfoodB.betterqualityoforganicfoodC.risingmarketfororganicfoodD.higherpricesoforganicfoodD只要能分析出句中含有make+名词作宾补的准确语义，就可以得出在广告宣传中的卖点it是themanufacturingofcleanandsafeproducts=greenproducts。解析[例7]NMET2002，第67题

Achildren’sstory,Masquerade,writtenbyWilliamesin1979.Thebookwasaboutahare,andamonthbeforeitcameoutWilliamesburiedagoldhareinaparkinBedfordshire.Thebookcontainedalargenumberofcluestohelpreadersfindthehare,butWilliamesputinalotof“redherrings”,orfalseclues,tomisleadthem.Theunderlinedword“them”refersto_______.A.redherringsB.treasurehuntsC.HenryVIII’ssixwivesD.readersofMasqueradeD从最后一句推断出，书中含有大量的线索帮助读者去发现宝物，但是也有许多线索给他们以误导。Helpreader与misleadthem相对，形成明显的对比，被误导的人即故事的读者。例8NMET2001第60题

Holidaymakerswhoareboredwithbakingbeachesandoverheatedhotelroomsheadforabigigloo.SwedishbusinessmanNileBergqvistisdelightedwithhisnewhotel,theworld’sfirstigloohotel.BuiltinasmalltowninnLapland,ithasbeenattractinglotsofvisitors,butsoonthefunwillbeover.Intwoweeks’timeBergqvist’sicecreation(作品)willbenothingmorethanapoolofwater.“Wedon’tseeitasabigproblem,”hesays.“Wejustlookforwardtoreplacingit”.解析60.Whenthewritersays“thefunwillbeover,”hereferstothefactthat_____.A.hotelguestswillbefrightenedatthethoughtofthehardtestB.Bergqvist’shotelwillsoonbecomeapoolofwaterC.HolidaymakerswillsoongettiredofthebigiglooD.AbiggerigloowillreplacethepresentoneB由文中可以看出igloohotel在两周内将不复存在，而变成一泓清水（benothingmorethanapoolofwater）。游客住进冰屋是一种冒险的体验。A、C、D在文中未出现，故答案为B。解析[例9]NMET2000，第73题

Excusedfromrecycling(回收利用)becauseyouliveinahighrisewitharubbishchute(垃圾).Youwon’tbeforlong.Miami’sMarkShantzishasmadeitsimpleforthoselivingintallbuildingstousethechuteandrecycletoo.Whenwesay“Youwon’tbeforlong”thewritermeansthat______.

A.you’llsoonbelivinginacleanerbuildingB.rubbishchuteswillbecomeoutof