现在分词的一般式与完成式教程文件

现在分词的一般式与完成式现在分词的时态和语态语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式(not)doing(not)beingdone完成式(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendone现在分词的一般式(doing)表示：其动作正在进行或是与谓语动词的动作同时发生；eg:Workinginthecountryside,welearnedalotoffromthepeasants.（表时间）现在分词的完成式(havingdone)表示：其动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。eg:Havingworkedallday,Iwenttobedearly.（表原因）eg1:Turningtotheleft,youwillseetheDagangHotel.（表条件）eg2:Hesatintheemptyhouse,feelingverylonely.（表伴随）eg3:Havingfinishedhishomework,hestoptohavearest.（表原因）eg4:Thechildfelloffthetree,hittinghisheadagainsttheground.（表结果）实例解说（examples)1.Comparingdifferentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.（时间状语）

whenwecompare

differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.（时间状语从句）现在分词（或短语）与状语从句间的转换2.Havingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakes,Ididn'tfeelfrightenedanymore.(原因状语)

As/Beacuse/SinceIhaveexperiencedquiteafewearthquakes,Ididn'tfeelfrightenedanymore.(原因状语从句)3.Hesatintheemptyhouse,feelingverylonely.Hesatintheemptyhouseandfeltverylonely.(伴随状语从句)

规律总结（一）现在分词做状语，分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语必须一致。(如前例)

现在分词做状语，分词与句子的主语是主谓（主动）关系。(如前例)规律总结（二）适用于现在分词一般式（doing）的两种情况：（1）现在分词的动作或状态同时与位于动作的发生（过程中）；eg:Walkingdownthestreet,hehearssomeonecallinghim.（2）现在分词的动作或状态与谓语动作先后发生，无时间间隔；eg:Arrivingattheairport,theyfoundtheirflighthadtakenoff.适用于现在分词完成式（havingdone）的两种情况：（1）现在分词的动作先于谓语动作的发生，并持续一段时间；eg:HavinglivedinTianjinformanyyears,hekonwstheplaceverywell.（2）现在分词的动作先于谓语动作前多次发生，或有时间间隔；eg:HavingseenthatMarydancedintheparkmanytimes,Ikenwthatshelikeddancing.专项训练（一）1.

theirhatsintotheair,thefansofthewinningteamletoutloudshoutsofvictory.A.TothrowB.HavingthrownC.ThrowingD.Beingthrown2.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,

seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.A.causedB.havingcausedC.causingD.tocause3.hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,

thebreakfastuntouched.A.leftB.toleaveC.leavingD.havingleft专项训练（二）4.

fromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitymorebeautiful.A.HavingseenB.SeenC.SeeingD.Tosee5.when

thenews,shegotfrightened.A.HearingB.TohearC.HavingheardD.Beingheard6.

inthequeneforhalfanhour,theoldmanrealizedthathehadlosthiswallet.A.HavingwaitedB.TowaitC.WaitingD.Havingbeenwaited解题技巧“三步曲”归纳先判断分词的逻辑主语是否与句子主语一致；