高考英语阅读理解词义猜测解题策略

高考英语阅读理解解题策略之猜测词义

greenhandladybirdGuess

Onthewaytothefactory,Jacksangapopsonghappily,becauseitisthefirstdayforhimtowork.Whenhewasworking,hetalkedwithhiscomrade(同志；伙伴).Suddenly,themachinebrokedownbecauseofhiscarelessness.Jackwasafraidoftheblameofhisboss.Hiscomradetoldhim,”takeiteasy,youareagreenhand.”greenhand新手firstDoyoulikealadybird?Itisnotakindofbird.Itisaninsect(昆虫).Itcanfly.Itswingsarered.Itisverysmall.ladybird

Howdoyougettheanswer?

高考对于猜测词义的考查要求

考生通过阅读上下文，结合中学生应有的常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或词组的意思。1.根据定义或释义猜测词义在对生词进行定义的时候，定义句的谓语动词多为：thatis(tosay),inotherwords，be,mean,dealwith,beconsidered,tobe,referto,becalled,beknownas,define,represent,signify,constitute等。通过定义，我们便可知道生词的词义。例如：1.Redhadthelongestwavelength,thatis,thedistancebetweeneachwaveislongestinredlightthaninanyothercolor.“wavelength”means_____2.Theherdsman

,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.

“herdsman”means_____

波长牧人信号：常连接同义词、反义：

and,or,suchas,like，forexample，forinstance...etc2.同义反义词1.MarkTwainwasnottheauthor’srealname;itwasapseudonym.

“pseudonym”means_________2.Ifyouagree,write“Yes”;ifyoudissent,write“No”.“dissent”means_________笔名假名不同意notreal

nameagree表转折关系的词常有如but,while,however,insteadof,ratherthan,unlike,yet,otherwise,though,onthecontrary等。3.转折关系Themainpointoftheplaniscleartome;butthedetailsarestillhazy.ThoughTom’sfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby.clear模糊的肮脏的cleanThough表因果的词：because,since,as,for,dueto,so,therefore,so…that,such…that,thus等4.因果关系Marydidn’tnoticemewhenIcameintotheclassroom,becauseshewascompletelyengrossedinhisreading.Theriverissoturbidthatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow..全神贯注的混浊的becauseso

turbid

thatRainforestsliketheAmazonareimportantformoppingupCO2（二氧化碳）fromtheatmosphereandhelpingtoslowglobalwarming.★Thephrase“moppingup”intheparagraphmeans____AcleaningupBtakinginCwipingoutDgivingouttoslowglobalwarming5.常识

Thenlookatthelabels

thatareinsidethenewclothes.Theytellyouhowtotakecareoftheclothes.The

labelforashirtmaytellyoutowashitinwarmwater.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“label”mean?A品牌B标签

C价格D尺寸6.利用语境和上下文联系

By9:45,everybodywashavinggreatfun,butnofoodhadappeared.JaneandDavidwererestless（焦躁不安的；得不到满足的.Otherguestsbeganwhisperingthatthey,too,werestarving.Butnoonewantedtoleave,justincasesomefoodwasabouttoappear.By11:00,therewasstillnofood,andeveryonewascompletelyofftheirheads.JaneandDavidlefthungryandangry.Theunderlinewords“offtheirheads”probablymean_____A.tiredB.crazyC.curiousD.hopelessQUIZTIMEHeisahandsomeboy,butheisnotanearthman,soheisanalien.

OnewifegrievesforherhusbandmissingonMH370andagonizesovertellingherchildrenthissadnews.Buthey,atleastshe'senjoyingherselfright?Andinacountrywhereit’sraretoseeleaders’spousesorchildreninpublic,MrsObamaseemstohavecharmed（吸引）itscitizenswithherapproachablemannerandsnappystyle.1.WhenFridaKahlo’spaintingswereonshowinLondon,apoetdescribedherpaintingsas“aribbon（丝带）aroundabomb”.SuchcommentsseemtosuggestKahlohadabiginfluenceontheartworldofhertime.Sadly,sheisactuallyamuchbiggernametodaythanshewasduringhertime.……Unfortunately,herworksdidnotattractmuchattentioninthe1930sand1940s,eveninherhomecountry.butinthe1970sherworksbegantogaininternationalfameatlast.★Whatdoesthephrase“amuchbiggername”inparagraph1mostnearlymean?A.afarbetterartistB.afarmoregiftedartistC.amuchstrongerpersonD.amuchmorefamousperson2.Afterarchitectsdesignedthebridge,AmosPetersandBillHutchstartedconstruction.Theybuiltthe60-footbridgefromaluminumandlengthsoffirehose(消防水带).Itcost$1,000.Itdidn’ttakelongbeforereportsofsquirrels（松鼠）usingthebridgestarted.Squirrelswereevenseenguidingtheiryoungand

teachingthemtheropes.Thestorywaspickedupbythemedia,andNuttyNarrowsbecameknowninnewspapersallovertheworld.★Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“teachingthemtheropes”probablymeansinthetext?A.passingthemaropeB.DirectingthemtostorefoodforwinterC.TeachingthemalessonD.Showingthemhowtousethebridge3.Evenourfathersdroppedtheirtoolsandjoinedus.Ourmotherstooktheirturn，laughinglikeschoolgirls.Ithinkwewereallbesideourselves.Parentsforgottheirdutyandtheirdignity；childrenforgottheireverydayfightsandlittlejealousies（嫉妒）.“Perhapsit’slikethisinthekingdomofheaven，”Ithoughtconfusedly.★By“wewereallbesideourselves”，thewritermeansthattheyallA.feltconfusedB.wentwildwithjoyC.lookedonD.forgottheirfights4.Thehouselookedquitenormaloutside,butinsideitwasveryexoticwithfascinatingobjectsondisplay.Ashebeganputtingthemintohisbag,adogcameintotheroom.ItstoppedwhenitsawBuster,thenwaggeditstailmadlyandwentovertohim.Busterwhispered.“Whatagreatguarddogyouare---tryingtolickmetodeath.”★Whichofthedefinitionsisclosestinmeaningtotheword“exotic”?A.Messyanduntidy.B.Richandexpensive.C.Comfortableandcalming.D.Unusualandforeign.5.IleftuniversitywithagooddegreeinEnglishLiterature,butnosenseofwhatIwantedtodo.Overthenextsixyears,justtryingtoearnanincome,Iwastreadingwater.BecauseItriedjournalism,butIdidn’tthinkIwasanygood,thenfinance,whichIhated.Finally,Igotajobasarightsassistantatafamouspublisher.Ilovedworkingwithbooks,althoughthejobthatIdidwasdull.★WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph1mean?A.Iwaswaitingforgoodfortune. B.Iwastryingtofindanadmirablejob.C.Iwasbeingaimlessaboutasuitablejob.D.Iwasdoingseveraljobsformorepayatatime.6.Try

hands-onscience.Visitoneofthemanyhands-onsciencemuseumsaroundthecountry.Thesescienceplay-landsaregreatfunforkidsandgrown-upsalike.They'llkeepyourchildmentallyandphysicallyactivethewholedaythroughwhilepushingbuttons,experimenting,andbuilding.Wheneveryoneistired,enjoyafunfamilyscienceshow,commonlyfoundinthesemuseums.★Whatdoes"hands-onscience"meaninthelastparagraph?

A.Sciencegamesdesignedbykids.B.Learningsciencebydoingthings.

C.Ashowofkids'sciencework.D.Readingsciencebooks.7.Howling，interestingly，isacontagiousbehaviour.

Whenonewolfstartstohowl（嚎叫），verylikelyotherswillfollow.Thisisoftenseentooccurinthemorning，asifwolvesweredoingsomesortof“rollcall”wherewolvesallhowltogethertoreporttheirpresence（出现；存在）.★“Howling...isacontagiousbehaviour”(inthelastparagraph)means

.

A.howlingisasignalforhuntingB.howlingisawayofcommunicationC.howlingoftenoccursinthemorningD.howlingspreadsfromonetoanother学后巩固提升

1.Weekslater,standingbeforethisunfriendlymass,Iwastotallylost.Ohwell,Iloweredthepaperandsatdownatmydesk,burningtofindoutwhatIhaddonewrong.Asaclassmatebeganhisreport,itallbecameclear,"MyreportisonGeorgeWashington,themanwhostartedtheAmericanRevolution."Thewholeworldbecamequite!HowcouldIknowthatshemeantthatGeorgeWashington?★Theunderlinedword"burning"inPara.3probablymeans_______.A.annoyedB.ashamedC.readyD.eager2.Inamorerecentstudy,Berningerlookedatwhatrolespellin2.Inamorerecentstudy,Berningerlookedatwhatrolespellingplaysinastudent’swritingskillsandfoundthathowwellchildrenspellistiedtohowwelltheycanwrite.“Spellingmakessomeofthethinkingpartsofthebrainactivewhichhelpsusaccessourvocabulary,wordmeaningandconcepts.Itisallowingourwrittenlanguagetoconnectwithideas.”Berningersaid.Spellinghelpsstudentstranslateideasintowordsintheirmindfirstandthentotranscribe(转换)“thosewordsinthemindwrittensymbolsonpaperorkeyboardandscreen,”thestudysaid.Seeingthewordsinthe“mind’seye”helpschildrennotonlytoturntheirideasintowords,saysBerninger,butalsotospot(发现)spellingmistakeswhentheywritethewordsdownandtocorrectthemovertime.★Whatdoes“mind’seye”inparagraph5mean?A.Window.B.SoulC.Picture.D.Imagination3.Astronautsonshortershuttlemissions（使命）oftenworkverylongdays.Tasksarescheduledsotightlythatbreaktimesareoftenusedtofinishtheday’swork.ThistypeofscheduteisfartoodemandingforlongmissionsontheInternaitionalSpaceSttation（ISS）.ISScrewmembersusuallyliveinspaceforatleastaquarterofayear.TheyworkfivedaysonandtwodaysofftomimicthenormalwaytheydothingsonEarthasmuchaspossible.Weekendsgivethecrewvaluabletimetorestanddoafewhoursofhousework.Theycancommunicatewithfamilyandfriendsbyemail,isternetphoneandthrohghPrivatevideoconferenes★Whatdoestheword“mimic”inParagraph1probablymean?A.FindB.CopyC.ChangeD.Lose4.Easterisstillagreatdayforworship（敬拜）,candyinbasketsandrunningaroundtheyardfindingeggs,buteveryyearitgetsquiteabitworseforrabbits.Andno,notbecausethekidsliketopulltheirears.Theculpritisclimatechange,andsomeresearchersfoundthatrisingtemperaturesarehavingharmfuleffectsonatleastfivekindsofrabbitsintheUS.TaketheLowerKeysMarshrabbitasanexample.Itlivesontheislands,butitisseriouslyaffected（影响）nowbyrisingsealevels.AccordingtotheCenterforBiologicalDiversity,anoceanlevelriseof0.9-meterwoulddestroytheirlivingplacecompletely.★Theword"culprit"(Paragraph2)isclosestinmeaningto______.A.criminal（罪魁祸首）B.judgeC.victim（受害者）D.producerTosumupwhathaveyoulearnt?我们的问题不认识单词.找不出问题的答案.容易被文中句子干扰.经常在2个答案中徘徊然后选了错误的那一个.