英语初高中衔接-句子成分

NationalDay?Doyouhaveanyplan?Chatonline我想去旅游。Iwanttogotravelling.wantI

to

gotravelling句子排序CanyoutranslateitintoEnglish?Iamnotmoney.HowcanImakeeveryoneloveme?英语的句子是如何组成的？由一个个单词组成单词如何构成句子？句子成分MembersofaSentence构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；（一）句子成分的定义：句子成分由词或词组充当句子成分英语的基本成分：_________________________________________________________________________________________________________和___________________主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial)补语(complement)主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语和插入语。一:Ｓ＋Ｖ(主＋谓<不及物动词>)二:Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｐ(主＋系＋表)三:Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｏ(主＋谓＋宾)四:Ｓ＋Ｖ＋ｏ＋Ｏ(主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾)五:Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｏ＋Ｃ(主＋谓＋宾＋宾补)五种基本句型结构：掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。Wewillcome.(Subject)是动作的发出者，或表示句子说的是什么，什么事。e.gThebookissointeresting.一.主语什么词性的词能做主语？Janeisplayingthepiano.Shewentoutinahurry.Fourplusfouriseight..Toseeistobelieve.Smokingisbadforhealth.Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.Whathehassaidistrue.名词代词数词不定式动名词名词化的形容词主语从句二.谓语(Predicate)说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。由动词或动词短语构成。e.gTheplanetookoffatteno’clock.

简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。

（2）由助动词加动词构成。e.gDoyouspeakEnglish？Theyareworkinginafield.Hehascaughtabadcold.

（1）由情态动词+动词构成。

e.gYoumaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.、复合谓语：基本句型一：Ｓ+Ｖ（主＋谓）不及物动词1.Thesun│rose.2.Who│cares?3.Thepen

│writes

smoothly.共同特点:即句子的谓语动词能表达完整的意思(不及物动词)，后可+副词、介词短语、状语从句等。三.表语(Predicative)位于系动词之后,用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份。e.gAllofyouareexcellent.Itsoundsagoodidea.:系动词分类一.表持续或变化:be,keep,seem,get,become,turn,remain.

seemsveryangry.looksHe二.感官动词:look，sound,smell,write,feel等。Whataboutwatchingafilmtonight?Itsoundsagoodidea.Thebluebirdlooksverytired.Myfatherisaprofessor.

Who'sthat?It'sme.

Everythinghereisexpensive.

Thematchbecameveryexciting.

Thestoryofmylifemaybeofhelptoothers.Threetimesfiveisfifteen.Hisplanistoseekworkinthecity.Myfirstideawasthatyoushouldhideyourfeelings.

名词代词形容词介词短语数词不定式句子形容词1.Thedinner│smells│good.2.Everything│looks│different.3.Themilk│hasgone│bad.基本句型二：

Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｐ

(主＋系＋表)

四.宾语（Object）表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于动词或介词后面。e.gHeisdoinghishomework.Dadgavemesomemoney.双宾语Shecoveredherfacewithherhands.Wehaven‘tseenherforages.Doyoumindopeningthewindow?Givemefourplease.Hewantstodreamanicedream.Weneedtoknowwhatothersaredoing.Weshouldcareaboutourfriends.名词代词动名词代词和数词不定式句子名词1.Who│knows│theanswer?2.He│hasrefused│tohelpthem.3.He│enjoys│reading.4.He│said│“Goodmorning.”5.Therain│prevented│me

from│comingtoschoolontime.找找看，宾语在哪？基本句型三:Ｓ+Ｖ(及物动词)+Ｏ(宾语)句型特点：谓语动词都具有实义,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫及物动词。基本句型四:Ｓ+Ｖ+ｏ+Ｏ(主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾)有些及物动词可以有两个宾语,e.g.give/pass/bring/show。通常一个指人(间接宾语);一个指物(直接宾语)。Givemeacupofteaplease.Lendmeyourdictionary,please.Giveacupofteatomeplease.人物

五.宾补e.gWesawherenteringtheroom.Iseeagirlsmilinginthehouse.英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外，还要加上宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?Iseeadolphindancing.Icanseeaboymakingawish.1.They│painted│thedoor│green.2.They│found│thehouse│destoryed.3.He│asked│me│tocomebacksoon.4.I│saw│them│gettingonthebus.

找出下例句子的宾补宾补是对宾语进行的补充。宾补和宾语是逻辑上的主谓关系，可以构成一个句子。宾语和宾补构成了复合结构。e.gThedoorisgreen.

主语补足语

如果上述结构变成被动语态，原宾语成为主语，原宾语补足语相应地变为主补。Theyelectedmecaptainoftheteam.Iwaselectedcaptainoftheteam.六.定语定语是修饰___词.单词作定语时放在它所修饰的名词之_____；反之则放在它所修饰的名词之_____。名前后Theyarewomanworkers.Tom'sfatherdidn'tcomehomeWho’sthegirlinblack?Maryisabeautifulgirl.Theplayhasthreeacts.ThisisherfirsttriptoEurope.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.Ihavenothingtoeat.ThosewhowanttogotoTibetaretosigntheirnameshere.名词名词所有格形容词数词形容词/序数词/不定式现在分词不定式从句介词短语七.状语表示地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、方式、程度伴随情况等可由单个词、多个词或句子构成。修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句的成分叫状语。1.Lightstravelsquickly.2.Heislivinginthecity.3.Heisproudtohavesuchason.4.Heistheroommakingawish.5.Waitasecond.6.Comethisway.7.Itisdifficulttolivewherethereislittlewater.副词介词短语不定式分词名词名词从句Thefishswimnearthebottom.Ileftthevillagefiveyearsago.Iarrivedlatebecauseoftherain.We'llsendacartofetchyou.Thefishcaneatapersonintwominutes,leavingonlybones.Thestudentsenteredtheclassroom,singinganddancing.

Ifhegoes,sowillI.

Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.地点时间原因目的结果伴随条件让步(二).五种简单句基本句型主语+谓语+宾语主语+谓语+间宾+直宾主语+谓语+宾语+宾补动词系动词不及物动词及物动词主语+系+表语主语+谓语你的故事听起来很有趣。______________________________________________.把鱼放在冰箱里，否则它会变坏。____________________________________________________.Youstorysoundedveryinteresting.Putthefishintofridge,ortheywillgobad.1．主语+系动词+表语2．主语+谓语1）Building

hasstarted.主语谓语______搭配：Theteacherteacheswell.Thechildwalksvery