linux多线程试验报告

《物联网工程领域应用综合实训》实验报告《物联网工程领域应用综合实训》实验报告/18#defineSHM_MODE0600#defineSEM_MODE0600#defineSEM_FULL0#defineSEM_EMPTY1#defineMUTEX2/*#ifdefined(__GNU_LIBRARY__)&&!defined(_SEM_SEMUN_UNDEFINED)//unionsemunisdefinedbyincluding<sys/sem.h>#else//accordingtoX/OPENwehavetodefineitourselvesunionsemun{intval；structsemid_ds*buf；I... ? . 1 1.Junsignedshort*array；};#endifunionsemunsu；//sem口口出必用于初始化信号量*/structmy_buffer{inthead；inttail；charstr[MAX_BUFFER_SIZE]；intnum；〃缓冲区里字母数量intis_empty；}；constint『CONSUMER=2；//消费者数量constintN_PRODUCER=2；//生产者数量constintN_BUFFER=10；//缓冲区容量constintN_WORKTIME=10;//工作次数intshm_id=-1；intsem_id=-1；pid_tchild；pid_tparent；〃得到10以内的一个随机数intget_random()JTOC\o"1-5"\h\z： ：intdigit; ： ： ：srand((unsigned)(getpid()+time(NULL)));digit=rand()%10; I I Iiireturndigit; i i iI[CI 〃得到A〜Z的一个随机字母 | | |i i char getRandChar() i i ir■《| | charletter; | | || | srand((unsigned)(getpid() +time(NULL))); I I I! ! letter=(char)((rand()% 26)+'A'); ! ! !returnletter; | | |J//sem_id表示信号量集合的id//sem_num表示要处理的信号量在信号量集合中的索引 ! ! !//P操作voidwaitSem(intsem_id,intsem_num){ I I I| | structsembufsb; | | |sb.sem_num=sem_num;| 工 sb.sem_op=-1;//表示要把信号量减一 | | |sb.sem_flg=SEM_UNDO；//〃第二个参数是sembuf[]类型的，表示数组TOC\o"1-5"\h\z〃第三个参数表示第二个参数代表的数组的大小 | | |if(semop(sem_id,&sb,1)<0){ii perror("waitSemfailed")； i i iexit(1); j j jJ! !} ! ! !//V操作voidsigSem(intsem_id,intsem_num){iistructsembufsb; i!!।_!!!sb.sem_num—sem_num;sb.sem_op—1；sb.sem_flg—SEM_UNDO；〃第二个参数是sembuf[]类型的，表示数组〃第三个参数表示第二个参数代表的数组的大小 | | |TOC\o"1-5"\h\z| | if(semop(sem_id,&sb,1)<0){ I I II Iperror("sigSemfailed")； I I Iexit(1); । । ।Ji i} i i i〃打印进程运行结果 i i i| |voidprintTime() III{ ill〃打印时间 i i itime_tnow；| | structtm*timenow； 〃实例化 tm结构指针 | | || 工 time(&now)； | | || | timenow=localtime(&now)； | |||printf("执行时间：%s",asctime(timenow))； j jI IJintmain(intargc,char**argv)। । f ■ ।I shm_id=shmget(IPC_PRIVATE,MAX_BUFFER_SIZE,SHM_MODE)；〃申请共享内存if(shm_id<0)； ； perror("createsharedmemoryfailed"); ； ；exit(1);I structmy_buffer*shmptr;shmptr=shmat(shm_id,0,0);〃将申请的共享内存附加到申请通信的进程空间! ! if (shmptr == (void*)-1) ! !r। । j । ।। । I । ।| | perror("add buffer to usingprocessspacefailed！\n"); | |exit(1);J! !if((sem_id=semget(IPC_PRIVATE,3,SEM_MODE))<0) ] !{〃创建三个信号量，SEM_EMPTY,SEM_FULL和MUTEX! ! perror("createsemaphorefailed!\n"); ' 'I I exit(1); i i}j j if(semctl(sem_id,SEM_FULL,SETVAL,0)==-1) j j| | {〃将索引为0的信号量设置为0-->SEM_FULL | |! ! perror("semsetvalueerror!\n"); ! !| | exit(1)；}if(semctl(sem_id,SEM_EMPTY,SETVAL,10)==-1){〃将索引为1的信号量设置为10-->SEM_EMPTYperror("semsetvalueerror!\n");| |exit(1);}if(semctl(sem_id,MUTEX,SETVAL,1)==-1){〃将索引为3的信号量设置为1-->MUTEXperror("semsetvalueerror!\n");exit(1);}shmptr->head=0;■ ■shmptr->tail=0;shmptr->is_empty=1;| | shmptr->num=0;： ： inti;for(i=0;i<N_PRODUCER;i++){parent=fork();IIif(parent<0){! ! perror("theforkfailed");'' exit(1);}! ! elseif(parent==0){iI shmptr=shmat(shm_id,0,0);〃将申请的共享内存附加到申请通信的进程空间| | if(shmptr==(void*)-1){| | perror("addbuffertousingprocessspacefailed!\n")；| | exit(1)；}| | intcount=0；intj;for(j=0;j<N_WORKTIME;j++){waitSem(sem_id,SEM_EMPTY);； ； waitSem(sem_id,MUTEX);sleep(getrandom());printf(" \n);| | printf("我是第%d个生产者进程，PID =%d\n", i + 1, getpid());| | /*生产产品*/charc=getRandChar();//随机获取字母| | shmptr->str[shmptr->tail]=c;shmptr->tail=(shmptr->tail+ 1) % MAX_BUFFER_SIZE;shmptr->is_empty=0;//写入新产品! ! shmptr->num++;/*打印输出结果*/printTime();//程序运行时间| | intp;I | printf("缓冲区数据(%d个)："，shmptr->num);〃打印缓冲区中ii的数据| | p=(shmptr->tail-1>=shmptr->head)?(shmptr->tail-1):I ](shmptr->tailT+MAX_BUFFER_SIZE); |for(p；!(shmptr->is_empty)&&p>=shmptr->head；p--){printf("%c",shmptr->str[p%MAX_BUFFER_SIZE])；}printf("\t生产者%d放入'%c'.\n",i+1,c);printf("n);fflush(stdout);sigSem(sem_id,MUTEX);sigSem(sem_id,SEM_FULL);}〃将共享段与进程之间解除连接shmdt(shmptr);exit(0);}}for(i=0;i<N_CONSUMER;i++){child=fork();if(child<0)//调用fork失败{perror("theforkfailed");exit(1);}elseif(child==0){intcount=0;shmptr=shmat(shm_id,0,0);〃将申请的共享内存附加到申请通信的进程空间| | if(shmptr==(void*)-1){i i perror("addbuffertousingprocessspacefailed!\n")；j j exit(1);}intj;for(j=0;j<N_WORKTIME;j++){waitSem(sem_id,SEM_FULL);； ； waitSem(sem_id,MUTEX);sleep(get_random());| |printf(" \printf("我是第%d个消费者进程，PID=%d\n",i+1,getpid());/*消费数据*/I| charlt=shmptr->str[shmptr->head];shmptr->head=(shmptr->head+1)%MAX_BUFFER_SIZE;shmptr->is_empty=(shmptr->head==shmptr->tail);//' ' shmptr->num一一;/*打印输出结果*/! ! printTime();〃程序运行时间| | intp;| | printf("缓冲区数据(%d个)："，shmptr->num);//打印缓冲区中! !的数据|| p=(shmptr->tail-1>=shmptr->head)?(shmptr->tail-1):II(shmptr->tail-1+MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);for(p;!(shmptr->is_empty)&&p>=shmptr->head;p--){printf("%c",shmptr->str[p%MAX_BUFFER_SIZE])；}| | printf("\t消费者％d取出'%c'.\n",i+1,It)；jjprintf(" \n);fflush(stdout)；sigSem(sem_id,MUTEX)；sigSem(sem_id,SEM_EMPTY)；i — —}〃将共享段与进程之间解除连接shmdt(shmptr)；exit(0)；}}〃主进程最后退出| |while(wait(0)!=-1)；〃将共享段与进程之间解除连接shmdt(shmptr)；〃对共享内存区执行控制操作| |shmctl(shm_id,IPC_RMID,0)；//当cmd为IPC_RMID时，删除该共享段! !shmctl(sem_id,IPC_RMID,0)；printf("主进程运行结束!\n")；| | fflush(stdout)；i i exit(0)；! ! return0；}

实验二：#include<sys/types.h>#include<unistd.h>#include<stdlib.h>#include<stdio.h>#include<pthread.h>#include<semaphore.h>#include<time.h>#define〃哲学家数量#define#define#define#defineLEFT(i)RIGHT(i)(i+N-1)%N〃左手边哲学家编号(i+1)%N 〃右手边哲家编号#define#define#defineHUNGRYTHINKINGEATING//饥饿//思考//吃饭#defineUSECOND1000000 //1秒对应的微秒数pthread_mutex_tmutex；//互斥量intstate[N];〃记录每个哲学家状态〃每个哲学家的思考时间，吃饭时间，思考开始时间，吃饭开始时间clocktthinking_time[N],eating_time[N],start_eating_time[N],start_thinking_time[N];〃线程函数void*thread_function(void*arg);intmain(){pthread_mutex_init(&mutex,NULL)；pthread_ta,b,c,d,e；〃为每一个哲学家开启一个线程，传递哲学家编号pthread_create(&a,NULL,thread_function,"0")；pthread_create(&b,NULL,thread_function,"1");pthread_create(&c,NULL,thread_function,"2");pthread_create(&d,NULL,thread_function,"3");pthread_create(&e,NULL,thread_function,"4");〃初始化随机数种子srand((unsignedint)(time(NULL)));iiwhile(1){TOC\o"1-5"\h\zii i। । i::, :}}void*thread_function(void*arg){char*a=(char*)arg;intnum=a[0]-'0';〃根据传递参数获取哲学家编号intrand_time;! !while⑴{〃关键代码加锁pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);〃如果该哲学家处于饥饿并且左右两位哲学家都没有在吃饭就拿起叉子吃饭if(state[num]==HUNGRY&&state[LEFT(num)]!=EATING&&| |state[RIGHT(num)]!=EATING){| | 'state[num]=EATING；start_eating_time[num]=clock()；//记录开始吃饭时间eating_time[num]=(rand()%5+5)*U_SECOND；〃随机生成吃饭时间〃输出状态printf("state:%d%d%d%d%d\n",state[0],state[1],state[2],state[3],state[4]);//printf("%diseating'n",num);}II elseif(state[num]==EATING){〃吃饭时间已到，开始思考if(clock()-start_eating_time[num]>=eating_time[num])//{I | state[num]=THINKING；! ! //printf("%disthinking'n",num)；| |printf("state：%d%d%d%d%d\n",state[0],state[l],state[2],state[3],stat| |e[4])；start_thinking_time[num]=clock()；/记录开始思考时间thinking_time[num]=(rand()%10+10)*U_S