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Chapter1DefinitionandVarietiesofPublicSpeaking目录CONTENT01Warm-upQuestions02DefinitionofPublicSpeaking03
TypesofPublicSpeaking04TypesofPersuasiveSpeeches05ExercisesWarm-upQuestionsAWhatdoyouthinkispublicspeaking?Andonwhatoccasionsispublicspeakingneeded?BWhattypesofpublicspeakinghaveyouevermadeorattended?CWhatdoyouthinkarethemajordifferencesbetweenpublicspeakingandacasualconversation?
DefinitionofPublicSpeaking
developmentPublicspeakingisinnatureavitalmeansofcommunication.Throughouthistorypeoplehaveusedpublicspeakingtosharewithothersinformation,toconveytheirideasandtoinfluenceothers.AccordingtoStephenE.Lucas,pubicspeakingisawayofmakingyourideaspublic.DefinitionTypesofPublicSpeakingTypesofpublicspeakingInformativespeechesPersuasivespeeches
onQuestionsofFactsSpeechesAboutEventsSpeechesAboutProcesseson
Questions
ofValueonQuestionsofPolicySpeechesAboutObjectsSpeechesAboutConceptsSpeechesAboutObjects:Principle:findaspecificpurposeofyourspeechanddonotbetoogeneral.
Threewaystoorganizeinformativespeeches:ChronologicalorderTopicalorderSpatialorder01SpeechesAboutProcesses:bespecificwhenchoosingatopic;Twotypes:Theaimistofacilitatetheaudience’scomprehensionofhowithappensorworksThegoalistomakeyouraudiencegraspanewskillVisualaidiscrucialChronologicalorder&topicalorder02SpeechesAboutEvents:Aneventissomethingthathappens,especiallysomethingimportantorunusual.Twoways:1.Chronologicalorder2.Casualorder03SpeechesAboutConceptsConceptsareabstractandcomplicated.Itisimportantnottouseacademicortechnicalexpressions,buttotakeadvantageofvividexamplesandothereffectivemeans.1.Topicalorder2.EnumeratedifferentschoolsoracademicbranchesThekey:clear,logicalandcomprehensible04InformativeSpeechesTheboundariesthatdistinguishinformativespeechesaboutobjects,processes,events,andconceptsarenotabsoluteorunconditional.Insomecases,subjectsclassifiedintoonecategoryalsofitintoothercategories.PersuasiveSpeeches
Theprimarygoalistogetyouraudiencetoagreewithyourpointofviewconcerningaspecifictopicoratleasttochangetheirattitudestosomedegree.
Whathelps?InterviewsSurveysQuestionnaires
Skills:TocapitalizeonemotionalappealPersuasiveSpeechesonQuestionsofFactsFactisapieceofinformationthatisknowntobetrue.Aim:Toemphasizeandadvocatecertainaspectofthefactsandrefuteoropposesomeothercompetingaspects.Itisgenerallyorganizedtopicallywithmainpointsstatedrespectively.01PersuasiveSpeechesonQuestionsofValueQuestionsofvalueinvolvenotonlymattersoffacts,butalsopersonalvaluejudgment.Paycloseattentiontothestandardsforyourvaluejudgment.Process:1.Establishthestandardsforyourvaluejudgment2.FocusontheapplicationofthestandardstojustifyyourclaimStronglogicalrelationbetweenvaluejudgmentandactions02PersuasiveSpeechesonQuestionsofPolicy:LargelydependonfactsandvaluejudgmentTwotypes:1.Togetyouraudience’sagreementwithyouradvocacyofcertainpolicy2.SeekimmediateactionfromtheaudienceThreecrucialfactors:need,planandpracticality03TypesofPersuasiveSpeechesExercises1.Howdoyouthinkthiscourseinpublicspeakingmayhelpyouinyourstudyandfuturecareer?2.Pairupwithyourpartner,andtaketurnstoexplainthefourcategoriesofinformativespeechesandthreekindsofpersuasivespeechesandtheimportantfactorsthatarecrucialtothesuccessofthetwokindsofpublicspeaking.Exercise1ReviewQuestionsExercise2Toformgroupsandeachgroupistochooseageneraltopic.Thegeneraltopicsare:Eachindividualmemberwillchooseamorespecificsubjectrelatedtothegeneraltopicofhisorhergroupandgoalongwitheachstepofthecoursework,andeventuallyproducea
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