外刊精读精练：幸福的概念等2则-高三英语二轮复习

外刊精读精练幸福的概念一、语篇泛读Vocabulary:

humancharacteristics词汇:人类特性Howareyoufeelingtoday?Ouremotionscanvaryconsiderablydependingonmanyfactors,includingourhealth,wealth,relationshipsandwherewelive.Butsometimesweneedtotakeastepbackandthinkaboutwhathappinessreallymeansandhowwecanfindit.Maybeweshould

takealeafoutof

Finland's

book

–lastyeartheUN'sWorldHappinessReportfoundthecountrytobethehappiestplaceonEarth.Thereportlookedat'subjective

well-being'.That'showhappypeoplefeeltheyareandwhy-basedonfactorssuchas,economicstrength,socialsupport,lifeexpectancy,freedomofchoice,

generosity,andperceivedcorruption.Thisisjustonewayofmeasuringhappiness.Researchhasalsosuggestedthatwhilepersonalfeelingsof

pleasure

aretheaccepteddefinitionofhappinessinWesterncultures,EastAsianculturestendtoseehappinessas

socialharmony,andinsomepartsofAfricaandIndiait'smoreaboutsharedexperiencesandfamily.AuthorandjournalistHelenRussellhasbeenlookingatthepositivecharacteristicsofacountry'spopulationtoseewhatmakesthemhappyandfoundJapantobeoneofthemost

content.ShetoldtheBBCthatthiswasduetotheir

concept

ofwabi-sabi–"thistraditionalJapaneseconceptaroundcelebrating

imperfection…it'sthisideathatthereisabeautyin

ageing,it'stobecelebratedratherthantryingtodisguiseit."So,basically,weshouldbehappywithwhoweareandrejoiceinour

faults

and

individuality.That'ssomethingtoputasmileonourfaces!Butifyou'refeeling

downinthedumps

becauseyourhomecountrydoesn'thaveahappinessconcepttofollow,considersomeself-helpideasthattheBBCprogrammeHackingHappinesshasbeenlookinginto.Theseincludebeing

virtuous,findingsomething

tobepassionateabout,enjoyingthehereandnowandbeing

altruistic

–helpingothers.However,ourpursuitofhappinesscouldmakeus

miserable

aswetrytomeetsociety’sexpectationsandgoals,makingus

anxious

andstressed.Also,havingtoolittleexperienceofnegativeemotionscanmakeusless

adept

atfacingnewchallenges.

二、词汇表takealeafoutofsomeone'sbook效仿（某人/物），向…学习

well-being幸福

generosity慷慨，宽宏大量

pleasure欢乐

socialharmony社会和谐

content满足的

concept观念

imperfection缺点，弱点

ageing变老，衰老

fault弱点，缺点

individuality个人特征，特质

downinthedumps情绪低落，郁闷、不高兴

virtuous品德高尚的

tobepassionateabout对…喜爱的、充满激情的

altruistic利他的

miserable痛苦的

anxious焦虑的，不安的

adept游刃有余的三、测试与练习

阅读课文并回答问题。1.WhichorganizationfoundFinlandtobethehappiestcountryonEarthin2018?2.Accordingtosomeresearch,whatprovidesmosthappinessinEastAsiancultures?3.AccordingtoatraditionalJapaneseconceptofhappiness,whyisageingagoodthing?4.Trueorfalse?

Anxietyandstresscanactuallymakeushappy.5.Whichwordusedinthearticleisasynonymfor'celebrate'?

请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。1.Ican'tbelievemybrother's_________-he'spaidforusalltogoonholidaytoFrance.pleasure

generosity

well-being

imperfection2.Youshould__________outofyoursister'sbook.Shedoesallherhomeworkontimeandthenshecangooutandenjoyherself!

leaftaker

takenaleaf

takealeaf

takeabook3.I'vealwaystriedtoleada________lifebynotdrinkingalcoholorsmoking.

miserable

virtuous

adept

well-being4.It'snosurprisehe'sfeeling__________-he'slosthisjobandcan'tfindanotherone.

dumped

downatthedump

dumpedanddown

downinthedumps5.It'sgreattohaveherworkingincustomerservicesbecauseshe'svery_________atdealingwithcomplaints!

adept

anxious

altruistic

miserable【参考答案】

阅读课文并回答问题。1.WhichorganizationfoundFinlandtobethehappiestcountryonEarthin2018?

TheUnitedNations'(UN)

WorldHappinessReportfoundthecountrytobethehappiestplaceonEarth.2.Accordingtosomeresearch,whatprovidesmosthappinessinEastAsiancultures?

Researchfound

EastAsianculturestendtothinkofhappinessassocialharmony.3.AccordingtoatraditionalJapaneseconceptofhappiness,whyisageingagoodthing?

Wabi-sabiisaconceptthatcelebratesageingbecausehavingimperfectionsisagoodandnaturalthing.4.Trueorfalse?

Anxietyandstresscanactuallymakeushappy.

False.

Ourpursuitofhappinesscouldmakeusmiserableaswetrytomeetsociety’sexpectationsandgoals,makingusanxiousandstressed.5.Whichwordusedinthearticleisasynonymfor'celebrate'?

Rejoice.Itmeanstocelebratesomethinginahappyway.("Weshouldbehappywithwhoweareandrejoiceinourfaultsandindividuality.")

请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。1.Ican'tbelievemybrother's

generosity

-he'spaidforusalltogoonholidaytoFrance.2.Youshould

takealeafout

ofyoursister'sbook.Shedoesallherhomeworkontimeandthenshecangooutandenjoyherself!3.I'vealwaystriedtoleada

virtuous

lifebynotdrinkingalcoholorsmoking.4.It'snosurprisehe'sfeeling

downinthedumps

-he'slosthisjobandcan'tfindanotherone.5.It'sgreattohaveherworkingincustomerservicesbecauseshe'svery

adept

atdealingwithcomplaints!试做一名弹性素食者？导读：你能不能少吃肉、多吃蔬菜和水果来保护环境？一种叫做“弹性素食主义”的新概念近两年来逐渐流行起来，据说这种饮食有助于减缓地球气候变化，而且对人们的健康也有好处。本集《外刊精读》讨论饮食新时尚-弹性素食主义。一、语篇泛读Vocabulary:eating词汇:饮食Whatkindoffooddoyoueat?Areyouconsciousofthetypesoffoodyouconsumeordoyou

stuffyourself

sillywithwhateverisavailable?Today,weareconstantlybombardedwithmediareportsaboutresearchontheright

diet

tofollowtohelpusmaintainahealthylifestyleorloseweight-butit'shardtoknowwhichonetopickand,oncechosen,it'sharderstilltosticktoit.

Andnowthere'sanotherchoiceto

getourteethinto.A

flexitarian

dietinvolveseating

plant-based

foodsandonlyoccasionallyeatingmeatandfish.Youmightthinkthisisa

halfwayhouse

tobeinga

vegetarian

bynotcompletely

abstaining

frommeat.Butifvegetarianismis

hardtoswallow

andyoufancy

chomping

ontheoccasional

lean

steak,thenthiscouldbethechoiceforyou.Thiseatingstyleallowsyouto

supplement

some

ingredients

thatyouwouldn'tgetinastricter

vegan

diet–anothertrendgrowinginpopularity.Andlike

veganism,

flexitarianism

isn'tabouteatingcarefullytohelpyouloseafewpounds-it'ssomethingpeoplechoosefor

ethical

reasons,tohelptheplanet.Andastudyintotheglobalfoodsystemandhowitaffectstheclimate,hasfoundthateatingmainlyplant-basedfoodsisoneofthreekeystepstowardsasustainablefutureforallby2050.Thisresearchfoundthat

foodwaste

willneedtobehalvedandfarmingpracticeswillalsohavetoimprovetoachievethis.Butwithoutasinglesolution,acombinedapproachisneeded.Dr.MarcoSpringmannfromtheUniversityofOxfordwasoneoftheleadauthorsofthereport.HetoldtheBBC"Wereallyfoundthatacombinationofmeasureswouldbeneededtostaywithinenvironmentallimitsandthoseincludechangestowardshealthiermoreplant-baseddiets."Butwhereasvegansthinkit'swrongforanimalstobekilledforfood,flexitariansbelieveeatingmeatonceinawhileisacceptable.AndDrSpringMannagrees-aslongaswe"treatitasa

luxury,it’sprobablyOKbutyoushouldn’thavemorethanone

serving

of

redmeat,whichincludesbeefandpork,perweek."Andhere'sanotherfactto

digest:Ifwemovedtothistypeofdiet,thestudyfoundthat

greenhousegasemissions

fromagriculturewouldbecutbymorethanhalf.

二、词汇表stuffyourself大吃大喝

diet日常饮食

getyourteethintosomething专注做某事

flexitarian弹性素食者

plant-based植物性的，基于植物的

halfwayhouse折中办法

vegetarian素食者

abstain节制

hardtoswallow（双关语）难以下咽，令人难以接受

chomp

大声地咀嚼

lean（肉）瘦的

supplement补充，增加

ingredient（食品的）成分，食材

vegan纯素食主义者（不食用、不使用任何动物产品）

veganism纯素食主义

flexitarianism弹性素食主义

ethical道德的

foodwaste食品浪费

serving（饭食的）一份

redmeat红肉（由指牛肉、猪肉、羊肉）

digest（双关语）消化，理解

greenhousegasemissions温室气体排放三、测试与练习

阅读课文并回答问题。1.Giveonereasonmentionedinthearticleforfollowingadiet.2.Accordingtothestudy,whatisthebenefitofeatingmainlyplant-basedfood?3.AccordingtoDrMarcoSpringmann,whichmeasureisneededtoimprovetheenvironment?4.Trueorfalse?

Beingaveganinvolvesnoteatinganymeat.5.Whichwordusedinthearticlemeans'abilitytocontinueatthesamelevelforalongtime'.

请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。1.Ittookawhileto______

thenewsabouthisgrandfather'sdeath.digested

digesting

digest

digestible2.I'venotbeenverygoodateatinghealthilysoI'mtakingsomevitamintabletsto______

mydiet.ingredient

supplement

digest

abstain3.Ifoundherstoryaboutwrestlingagrizzlybear______.hardtoswallow

hardswallowing

hardtoswallowing

swallowtoohard4.MydoctorsaysIneedtoeatmorehealthilyandcut______

frommydiet.luxury

foodwaste

ingredients

redmeat5.I'mgoing'dry'thismonthand______

fromdrinkinganyalcohol.chomping

dieting

abstaining

serving【参考答案】阅读课文并回答问题。1.Giveonereasonmentionedinthearticleforfollowingadiet.

Tohelpusmaintainahealthylifestyle,loseweightorhelptheplanet.2.Accordingtothestudy,whatisthebenefitofeatingmainlyplant-basedfood?

Thestudyfoundthateatingmainlyplant-basedfoodsisoneofthreekeystepstowardsasustainablefuturefor