2023学年完整版Unit1LivingwellPeriod3Grammar设计

Unit1LivingwellPeriod3Grammar教学设计Teachingaims1．Studentswillbeabletorecognizetheinfinitivesandknowtheexactmeaningsofthem.2．Studentswillbeabletousethesestructurescorrectly.TeachingperiodsoneperiodTeachingproceduresStep1RevisionAskseveralstudentstoretellMarty'sstory.ShowMarty'sminibiographyonthePowerPoint.MyminibiographyNameMartyFieldingStatusHighschoolstudentHealthDevelopedamusclediseaseattheageof10,veryweak,cannotdothingslikenormalpeopleInterestsandHobbies·Enjoyingwritingandcomputerprogramming·Goingtothemoviesandfootballmatcheswithfriends·Spendingalotoftimewithmypets—tworabbits,aparrot,atankfulloffishandatortoiseAmbitionToworkforafirmthatdevelopscomputersoftwareMottoLiveonedayatatimeStep2Discoveringusefulstructures1．基本概念不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，没有人称和数的变化，而且不能单独用作谓语，但仍旧有动词的特点，即可有自己的宾语和状语，构成不定式短语，使用频率较高。是一个考试经常考查的语法点。2．基本形式主动形式被动形式一般式todotobedone完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone进行式tobedoing/完成进行式tohavebeendoing/否定形式nottodonottobedone疑问词＋不定式wh－todowh－tobedone复合结构do/fordo/3.句法功能不定式具有名词、形容词、副词的特征，在句中可以充当主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补足语，还可以有自己的逻辑主语，即fordosth。Itisgoodto_help_others.(subject)Itismyambitionto_make_sure_that_the_disabled_people_in_our_neighbourhood_have_access_to_all_public_buildings.(subject)Myambitionis_to_work_inthecomputerindustrywhenIgrowup.(predicative)Idon'thavetimeto_sit_aroundfeelingsorryformyself.(attributive)Iamtheonlystudentinmyclassto_have_a_pet_snake.(attributive)Abigcompanyhasdecidedto_buy_it_from_me.(object)Myfellowstudentshavebegunto_accept_me_for_who_I_am.(object)Ihavehadtoworkhard_to_live_a_normal_life.(adverbial)SomedaysIamtootiredto_get_out_of_bed.(adverbial)Wemustcallonlocalgovernment_to_give_financial_assistance_to_disabled_people.(objectcomplement)4．不定式的时态与语态根据需要，不定式可以有一般式(todo)，完成式(tohavedone)，完成进行式(tohavebeendoing)，进行式(tobedoing)等时态形式以及被动形式tobedone和tohavebeendone。Hedidn'tallowustogohomeearly.他不允许我们早回家。Heseemedtohaveseenthefilm.他好像看过这部电影。Sheissaidtohavebeenlivinginthecityforsixyears.据说她住在该城市六年了。Theboypretendedtobereadingwhenhismothercamein.当他母亲进来的时候，小男孩假装在读书。Heissaidtohavestudiedabroadafewyearsago.据说他几年前在国外学习过。Thebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintomanylanguages.据说此书已被译成了多种语言。1．Thefollowingverbsareusuallyfollowedbytheinfinitive.afford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,care,choose,claim,come,consent,dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine,elect,endeavor,expect,fail,get,guarantee,hate,help,hesitate,hope,hurry,intend,learn,long,manage,mean,need,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,say,seem,tend,threaten,want,wishForexample：Ican'taffordto_gotothepub.Heagreedto_practice_more.Youshouldlearnto_express_yourself.Theymanaged_to_fix_the_problem.2．ExplanationofthegerundandtheinfinitiveSomewordscanbefollowedbyeithertheinfinitiveorthe-ingform.Pleasepayattentionwhenthereisnodifferenceinmeaningandwhenthereisdifference.(1)Thegerundandtheinfinitive(nodifferenceinmeaning)Weusethegerundortheinfinitiveafterthefollowingverbs：beginHebegantalking.Hebegantotalk.continueTheycontinuesmoking.Theycontinuetosmoke.hateDoyouhateworkingonSaturdays?DoyouhatetoworkonSaturdays?likeIlikeswimming.Iliketoswim.loveShelovespainting.Shelovestopaint.preferPatpreferswalkinghome.Patpreferstowalkhome.startTheystartsinging.Theystarttosing.Weusethegerundortheinfinitiveafterthefollowingverbs.Therearetwopossiblestructuresaftertheseverbs.Gerund：verb＋－ingInfinitive：verb＋person＋to－infinitiveadviseTheyadvisewalking_totown.Theyadviseus_to_walktotown.allowTheydonotallowsmokinghere.Theydonotallow_us_to_smoke_here.encourageTheyencourage_doing_thetest.Theyencourageus_to_do_thetest.permitTheydonotpermitsmokinghere.Theydonotpermitus_to_smokehere.Weusethefollowingstructuresafterthewordrecommend：recommendTheyrecommendwalking_totown.Theyrecommendthat_we_(should)_walk_to_town.(2)Someverbsorverbphraseshavedifferentmeaningswhenusedwiththegerundortheinfinitive.GERUNDINFINITIVEforgetHe'llneverforgetspending_somuchmoneyonhisfirstcomputer.他永远不会忘记在第一台电脑上花费了这么多钱。Don'tforgetto_spendmoneyonthetickets.不要忘记用钱去买票。goonGoonreadingthetext.继续读这篇文章。(继续做同一件事)Goonto_read_thetext.继续读这篇文章。(继续做另一件事)meanYouhaveforgottenyourhomeworkmeansphoning_yourmother.你又忘记做家庭作业了,这意味着我要打电话给你妈妈。Imeantto_phoneyourmother,butmymobiledidn'twork.我本打算打电话给你妈妈，但是我的手机坏了。rememberIrememberswitching_offthelightswhenIwentonholiday.我记得我去度假时把灯都关掉了。Rememberto_switch_offthelightswhenyougoonholiday.当你去度假时，记得把灯关掉。stopStopreading_thetext.停止读这篇文章。Stopto_read_thetext.停下来读这篇文章。tryWhydon'tyoutryrunning_afterthedog？你为什么不尝试跟着狗跑呢？Itriedto_runafterthedog，butI．..我竭尽全力跟着狗跑，但是……Step3DrillingAskstudentstodoExercise2onPage5andcheckwiththeirpartnersthenchecktogether.Keys：tohavekeptyouwaiting；tohaveforgotten；tohavefinished；AskstudentstodoExercise3andsharetheirpastexperienceinagroup.Keys：tohavespent；Tofree；tosee；totreat；tohelppass；toabolishStep4UsingtheinfinitiveAskstudentstotranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishandpayattentiontotheuseoftheinfinitive.1．我忘了让你去社区服务