Drilling+Rig+Components石油钻机图示

EquipmentusedindrillingEquipmentusedindrillingDrillingRigComponentsCrownBlockandWaterTable天车和井架天车台CatlineBoomandHoistLine猫头绳悬臂和绞车绳DrillingLine钻绳Monkeyboard井架工作台TravelingBlock游动滑车TopDrive顶马区Mast轻便井架DrillPipe钻杆Doghouse钻台值班房BlowoutPreventer防喷器WaterTank水箱ElectricCableTray电缆排EngineGeneratorSets发电机组FuelTank燃油箱ElectricalControlHouse电气控制室MudPumps泥浆泵BulkMudComponentTanks散装泥浆原料罐MudTanks（Pits泥浆池）ReservePit泥浆储备池Mud-GasSeparator泥浆天然气分离器ShaleShakers振动筛ChokeManifold节流管汇PipeRamp管子坡道PipeRacks钻杆架Accumulator蓄压器Additionalrigcomponentsnotillustratedatright.Annulus油套管环形空间Brake制动器CasingHead井口采油装置Cathead升降套管用绞车RamBOP闸板式防喷器Rathole大鼠洞RotaryHose水龙带RotaryTable转盘Slips卡瓦Spinningchain旋链Stairways楼梯Standpipe立管SurfaceCasing表层套管Substructure井架底座Catwalk工作平台Cellar钻台下的圆井或方井ConductorPipe表层套管Degasser脱气装置Desander除砂器Desilter除泥Drawworks绞车DrillBit钻头DrillCollars钻铤Driller'sConsole司钻控制台Elevators升降机HoistingLine起重用钢丝绳Hook大钩Kelly方钻杆KellyBushing方钻杆套筒KellySpinner方钻杆旋扣器Mousehole小鼠洞MudReturnLine泥浆返回管线

Swivel钻井水龙头Tongs大钳Walkways通道WeightIndicator指重表，钻压表CrownBlockandWaterTable天车和井架天车台Anassemblyofsheaves槽轮orpulleys滑轮mountedonbeamsatthetopofthederrick.Thedrillinglineisrunoverthesheavesdowntothehoistingdrum提升滚筒.26.CatlineBoomandHoistLine猫头绳悬臂和绞车绳Astructuralframeworkerected安装nearthetopofthederrickforliftingmaterial.IDrillingLine钻绳Awireropehoistingline,reevedonsheavesofthecrownblockandtravelingblock(ineffectablockandtackle滑轮组).Itsprimarypurposeistohoistorlowerdrillpipeorcasing套管fromorintoawell.Also,awireropeusedtosupportthedrillingtools.Monkeyboard井架工作台Thederrickman'sworkingplatform.Doubleboard,tribble立根board,forbleboard二层台;amonkeyboardlocatedataheightinthederrickormastequaltotwo,three,orfourlengthsofpiperespectively.KELLYSPINNEH的ILUH也UNETRAVELlfSHOCKABSORBERHOOKKELLYSPINNEH的ILUH也UNETRAVELlfSHOCKABSORBERHOOKSWIKTELBAILSVWELTravelingBlock游动滑车Anarrangementofpulleys滑轮orsheavesthroughwhichdrillingcableisreeved绕上钢丝绳的,whichmovesupordowninthederrickormast.TopDrive顶驱Thetopdriverotatesthedrillstring钻杆柱endbitwithouttheuseofakelly传动钻杆androtarytable.Thetopdriveisoperatedfromacontrolconsole控制台ontherigfloor.

Mast轻便井架Aportablederrickcapableofbeingerectedasaunit,asdistinguishedfromastandardderrick,whichcannotberaisedtoaworkingpositionasaunit.白Mast轻便井架Aportablederrickcapableofbeingerectedasaunit,asdistinguishedfromastandardderrick,whichcannotberaisedtoaworkingpositionasaunit.白LOCKirvwtf-muBLOCHDrillPipe钻杆Theheavyseamlesstubingusedtorotatethebitandcirculatethedrillingfluid.Jointsofpipe30feetlongarecoupledtogetherwithtooljoints.27.Doghouse钻台值班房Asmallenclosureontherigfloorusedasanofficeforthedrillerorasastorehouseforsmallobjects.Also,anysmallbuildingusedasanofficeorforstorage.HYDRIL"GH"口DP/HOPE1nPOSTTIONPISTONCHAhJtSE^BlowoutPreventer防喷器Alargevalve,usuallyinstalledabovetherampreventers闸板防喷器,thatformsasealintheannularspacebetweenthepipeandwellbore井眼or,ifnopipeispresent,onthewellboreitselfWaterTank水箱Isusedtostorewaterthatisusedformudmixing,cementing注水泥,andrigcleaning.Supportstheheavyelectricalcablesthatfeedthepowerfromthecontrolpaneltotherigmotors.ElectricCableTray电缆排EngineGeneratorSets发电机组electricmotorsontheotherpartsoftherig.EngineGeneratorSets发电机组electricmotorsontheotherpartsoftherig.Adiesel柴油机,LiquefiedPetroleumGas(LPG),naturalgas,orgasolineengine,alongwithamechanicaltransmissionandgeneratorforproducingpowerforthedrillingrig.NewerrigsuseElectricHouse电气控制室Ondieselelectricrigs,powerfuldieselenginesdrivelargeelectricgenerators.Thegeneratorsproduceelectricitythatflowsthroughcablestoelectricswitchesandcontrolequipmentenclosedinacontrolcabinetorpanel.Electricityisfedtoelectricmotorsviathepanel.,MudPump,MudPump泥浆泵WAlargereciprocating吉往复的pumpusedtocirculatethemud(drillingfluid)ona.drillingrig.BulkMudComponentsinStorage散装泥浆原料存储Hopper力口料漏斗typetanksforstorageofdrillingfluidcomponents.

llymadeofsteelplates,throughwhichthedrillingmudiscycledtoallowsandandsediments残渣tosettleout.Additives添力口剂aremixedwiththemudinthepit,andthefluidistemporarilystoredtherebeforebeingpumpedbackintothewell.Mudpitcompartmentsarealsocalledshakerpits混合池，settlingpits沉砂池，andsuctionpits泥浆池,dependingontheirmainpurpose.ReservePits

泥浆储备池Amudpitinwhichasupplyofdrillingfluidhasbeenstored.Also,awastepit,usuallyanexcavated挖掘，earthen-walledpit.Itmaybelinedwithplastictopreventsoilcontamination.MudGasSeparator泥浆天然气分离器Adevicethatremovesgasfromthemudcomingoutofawellwhenakick井涌isbeingcirculatedout.

29.ShaleShaker振动■.Aseries2 -.oftrays槽withsieves筛子orscreens滤网thatvibrate振动toremovecuttingsfromcirculatingfluidinrotarydrillingoperations.Thesizeoftheopeningsinthesieveisselectedtomatchthesizeofthesolidsinthedrillingfluidandtheanticipatedsizeofcuttings.Alsocalledashaker.ChokeManifold节流管汇Thearrangementofpipingandspecialvalves,calledchokes,throughwhichdrillingmudiscirculatedwhentheblowoutpreventersareclosedtocontrolthepressuresencounteredduringakick井涌.PipeRamp管子坡道Anangledrampfordraggingdrillpipeuptothedrillingplatformorbringingpipedownoffthedrillplatform.PipeRacks钻杆架Ahorizontalsupportfortubulargoods.Accumulator蓄压器Thestoragedevicefornitrogen氮pressurizedhydraulicfluid,whichisusedinoperatingtheblowoutpreventers.

CasingHead井口采油装置IAheavy,flangedsteelfittingconnectedtothefirststring套管柱ofcasing.Itprovidesahousing卡箍forslips卡瓦andpackingassemblies密封装置，allowssuspension悬挂ofintermediateandproductionstringsofcasing,andsuppliesthemeansfortheannulustobesealedoff封堵.Alsocalledaspool间距套管.CasingHead井口采油装置Cathead升降套管用绞车Aspool-shapedattachmentonawincharoundwhichropeforhoistingandpullingiswound.Catwalk工作平台Therampatthesideofthedrillingrigwherepipeislaidtobeliftedtothederrickfloorbythecatlineorbyanairhoist.Cellar钻台下的圆井或方井Apitinthegroundtoprovideadditionalheightbetweentherigfloor钻台andthewellhead井口装置toaccommodatetheinstallationofblowoutpreventers,ratholes,mouseholes,andsoforth.Italsocollectsdrainagewaterandotherfluidsfordisposal排出.

ConductorPipe表层套管Thelargestdiametercasing"聂andthetopmostlengthofConductorPipe表层套管Thelargestdiametercasing"聂andthetopmostlengthof、gcasing.Itisrelativelyshortandencasesthetopmoststringofcasing.Degasser脱气装置Theequipmentusedtoremoveunwantedgasfromaliquid,especiallyfromdrillingfluid..=i-igir"EpE:-W三三星占三运三DesilterWW擘I京暮Desilter除泥器~ -.=i-igir"EpE:-W三三星占三运三DesilterWW擘I京暮Desilter除泥器~ -f--.r™«i□Acentrifugal离心式的♦device,similartoadesander—除砂器,usedtoremovevery-fineparticles精细的颗粒,or[silt淤泥,fromdrillingfluid.Thiskeepstheamountof■.....-solidsinthefluidtothe/lowestpossiblelevel.i''1JDrawworks绞车Thehoistingmechanismonadrillingrig.Itisessentiallyalargewinchthatspoolsoffortakesinthedrillinglineandthusraisesorlowersthedrillstemandbit.

)rillBit古头Fhecuttingorboringelementusedndrillingoilandgaswells.Most)itsusedinrotarydrillingareoller-conebits牙轮钻头.)rillBit古头Fhecuttingorboringelementusedndrillingoilandgaswells.Most)itsusedinrotarydrillingareoller-conebits牙轮钻头.Thebitconsistsofthecuttingelementsandhecirculatingelement.Thecirculatingelementpermitsthemassageofdrillingfluidanduseshehydraulicforceofthefluid党reamtoimprovedrillingrates.Aheavy,thick-walledtube,usuallysteel,usedbetweenthedrillpipeandthebitinthedrillstem.Itisusedtoputweightonthebitsothatthebitcandrill.DrillersConsole司钻控制台Thecontrolpanel,locatedontheplatform,wherethedrillercontrolsdrillingoperations.

啊弼Elevators升降机Asetofclamps啊弼Elevators升降机Asetofclamps夹钳thatgripsastand立根，orcolumn柱管，ofcasing,tubing,drillpipe,orsuckerrods抽油杆,sothestandanberaisedoruses.Awireropeusedinhoistingoperations.MustconformtotheAPIstandardsforitsintendedHoistingLine起重用钢丝绳Hoistinglineuses.Awireropeusedinhoistingoperations.MustconformtotheAPIstandardsforitsintendedHoistingLine起重用钢丝绳Hoistinglinee*4气--&RILLLMCSHook大钩!।aiinmiMih今LINElFr*-!iJTRAVELIMGUMA乱OCk.Alarge,hook-shapeddevicefromwhichtheelevatorbails吊卡提环ortheswivel钻井水龙头issuspended.Itisdesignedtocarrymaximumloadsrangingfrom100to舱<l_SHOCKAS吕QR日ER乩KSx■<^HQOK>650tonsandturnsonbearingsinitssupportinghousing.小A ■LJ-TSWIVELIT-中/七BAILFI■/可・・--?jfl ■ 1wlr/J11.inKtLL71篙8PIMMER♦ d"B^rn■a_MmKelly方钻杆TheTheheavysquareorhexagonal六边形的steelmembersuspendedfromtheswivelthroughtherotarytable.Itisconnectedtothetopmostjointofdrillpipetoturnthedrill血：vstemastherotarytableturns.SiAVER・XLWSZ'TS的汽修7EU1411052・XLWSZ'TS的汽修7EU1411052KellyBushing方钻杆套筒Adevicefittedtotherotarytablethroughwhichthekellypasses.Itisthemeansbywhichthetorqueoftherotarytableistransmittedtothekellyandtothedrillstem.Alsocalledthedrivebushing.:二：L--vAdeviceforspinningthedrillpipe.Replacesthespinningchain旋链.H^OK:二：L--vAdeviceforspinningthedrillpipe.Replacesthespinningchain旋链.H^OKLINEKellySpinner方钻杆旋扣器LBAILMousehole小鼠洞Shallowboresundertherigfloor,usuallylinedwithpipe,inwhichjointsofdrillpipearetemporarilysuspendedforlaterconnectiontothedrillstring.MudReturnLine泥浆返回管线Atroughorpipe,placedbetweenthesurfaceconnectionsatthewellboreandtheshaleshaker振动筛.Drillingmudflowsthroughituponitsreturntothesurfacefromthehole.RamBlowoutPreventer闸板式防喷器Ablowoutpreventerthatusesramstosealoffpressureonaholethatiswithorwithoutpipe.Itisalsocalledarampreventer.Ram-typepreventershaveinterchangeable可互换的ramblockstoaccommodatedifferentO.D.drillpipe,casing,ortubing.Rathole大鼠洞Aholeintherigfloor30to35feetdeep,linedwithcasingthatprojectsabovethefloor.Thekellyisplacedintheratholewhenhoistingoperationsareinprogress.

RotaryHose水龙带Thehoseonarotarydrillingrigthatconductsthedrillingfluidfromthemudpumpandstandpipetotheswivelandkelly;alsocalledthemudhose泥浆软管orthekellyhose钻井高压水龙带.RotaryTable转盘Theprincipalcomponentofarotary,orrotarymachine,usedtoturnthedrillstemandsupportthedrillingassembly.Ithasabeveledgear斜齿轮arrangementtocreatetherotationalmotionandanopeningintowhichbushings套筒arefittedtodriveandsupportthedrillingassembly.Notethepipespinner(inred)onthesideoftheswivel.

Slips卡瓦Wedge楔形-shapedpiecesofmetalwithteethorothergrippingelementsthatareusedtopreventpipefromslippingdownintotheholeortoholdpipeinplace.Rotaryslipsfit滑动配合aroundthedrillpipeandwedge楔形againstthemasterbushing套管tosupportthepipe.Powerslipsarepneumatically空气orhydraulicallyactuated驱动devicesthatallowthecrewtodispensewiththemanualhandlingofslipswhenmakingaconnection.Packersandotherdownholeequipmentaresecuredinpositionbyslipsthatengagethepipebyactiondirectedatthesurface.SpinningChain旋链Arelativelyshortlengthofchainattachedtothetongpullchainonthemanualtongsusedtomakeupdrillpipe.Thespinningchainisattachedtothepullchainsothatacrewmembercanwrapthespinningchainseveraltimesaroundthetooljointboxofajointofdrillpipesuspendedintherotarytable.Aftercrewmembersstabthepinofanothertooljointintotheboxend,oneofthemthengraspstheendofthespinningchainandwitharapidupwardmotionofthewrist"throwsthespinningchain"—thatis,causesittounwrapfromtheboxandcoilupwardontothebodyofthejointstabbedintothebox.Thedrillerthenactuatesthemakeupcatheadtopullthechainoffofthepipebody,whichcausesthepipetospinandthusthepinthreadstospinintothebox.Stairways楼梯Stairsleadingjfromoneleveltoanother.Protectedithhandrails.Standpipe立管Av