The Silk Road丝绸之路演讲稿

TheSilkRoadAncienttraderoutethatlinkedChinawithEurope.Originallyacaravanrouteandusedfromс100BC,the4,000-mi(6,400-km)roadstartedinXi'an,China,followedtheGreatWalltothenorthwest,climbedthePamirMtns.,crossedAfghanistan,andwentontotheeasternMediterraneanSea,wheregoodsweretakenbyboattoRome.Silkwascarriedwestward,whilewool,gold,andsilverwerecarriedeastward.WiththefallofRome,theroutebecameunsafe;itwasrevivedundertheMongols,andMarcoPolouseditinthe13thcentury.TheSilkRoad

MaybeyouhaveheardabouttheSilkRoadorreadityourselflongbeforesothatyouhavealreadyunderstoodtheconstantlychangingandendlessbarrendesertaswellasitsquietness.Maybeyouhavemetitinthenumerouswordsbefore.Haven’tyouunderstooditsbrilliancehiddenintherelicsontheancientroutelefttousbyourancestorsthathasgonethroughthetestofover2000yearsoftrialsandhardships?AndthendoyoustillwanttolistentothebellsonthecamelsthathavebeenpleasanttoyourearsforyearsinandoutalongthishistoricalroutethatgoesthroughAsiaandEuropeandmaintainsthecivilizationofeastandwestandappreciatetheflourishmentandcontinuousflowonthebroadancientroute?Well,let’sreadtheSilkRoadinthevirtualworldbuiltbythenettechnology!

A10,000-lisilverribbon,startingatChang’an(Xi’antoday),theancientcapitalofChina,andendingattheeasternshoreoftheMediterraneanSea,linksupfields,deserts,grasslands,andmountains.ThisistheSilkRoadfamedinworldhistory,thefirstthoroughfarethatlinksupChinawiththeWest.

2000ago,ourancestorsopenedupagreatroad--theSilkRoad.

Chinawasthefirstcountryintheworldtobreedsilkwormsandproducesilk.TheSilkRoadwasfirstconceivedduringtheZhouandQindynasties.From138--139B.C.,ZhangQian,outstandingWesternHandiplomatandtraveler,first“blazedatrail”intheWest,andtheSilkRoadwasformallyinauguratedasChina’s“nationalroad”linkinguptheeastandwest.Holdingatasseledstaffand“drivingenormousherdsofsheepandcattleandbringingquantitiesofgoldencoinsandrollsofsilk,”ZhangQiansetoutwitharetuneof100and300intwotripsfromChang’anandreachedLoulan(aroundRoujiangtoday),Yuli,Quick(Kulatoday),Shula(Kashitoday),Yutan(Hotantoday)andWunsun(theIllRivervalleytoday),aswellasDayuan,Kanju,kandDayuezhi,nowinXinjiangandtheAmu-DaryaRivervalleyinCentralAsia.HisassistantevenwentasfarasAnsi(Iran)andXindu(India)forfriendlyvisits.Inreturn,envoysfromthesecountriesalsovisitedChina,andmerchantswerecontinuallyontheway.

In73AD,BanZhaoembarkedonamissiontothewesternregionwitha36-manretinue,ensuringthesmoothoperationoftheSilkRoadwhichhadoncebeenblockedbywar.HisdeputyGanYingreachedDaqin(ancientRome)andtouredthePersianGulf(ArabicGulf),extendingtheSilkRoad.

TheancientSilkRoadlinkedChineseculturewiththatofIndia,Greece,RomeandPersianfromonecenturytotheother,carriedthegreatChineseinventionsofsilk,gunpowder,papermakingandprintingtotheWestandbroughtBuddhism,Nestorianism,andIslamandtheirrelatedartsandculturesintoChina.Fromtimeimmemorial,theSilkRoadhasbeenarouteoffriendlyintercoursebetweentheChineseandforeignpeople.

Chinesesilk,ironware,goldandplatinum,bronzemirrors,lacquerandbamboowares,drugsandfarmingandsmeltingtechnologypassedthroughthewesternregiontoIndiaandEurope.Alfalfa,grapes,sesame,pomegranates,walnuts,cucumbers,carrots,safflowers,aswellaslions,peacocks,elephants,camelsandhorsesfromthewesternregionalsofoundtheirwayintotheChineseinterior.ApassagefromtheWestRegion:HistoryoftheHanDynasty,documentsthetradebetweenChinaandforeigncountries:“Theemperor’shouseholdwasfilledwithpearls,rhinoceroshornsandpeacockfeathers.Palaceofficials’stableswerecrowdedwiththoroughbredhorses:elephants,lions,mastiffsandpeacocksroamthemenagerie.Exoticarticlespouredinfromeveryquarter.”

FaXianandXuanZang,eminentmonksoftheJinandTangDynasties,journeyedtomorethan30countriesincludingKashmir,Pakistan,IndiaandSriLankaalongtheSilkRoadin366and627(or629).TheLandsofBuddhismbyFaXianandtheWestRegionbyXuanZangwereimportantreferencesinresearchonthehistoriesoftheWestRegionandIndia,andtheSilkRoad.

1222-1223,YeluChucai,aYuandynastypoet,andQiuChuji,leaderofTaoism,traveledwestandmadelivelynotesonthescenesalongnorthernXinjiangandthecentralAsianregion.

TheancientSilkRoadlinkedChineseculturewiththatofIndia,Greece,RomeandPersianfromonecenturytotheother,carriedthegreatChineseinventionsofsilk,gunpowder,papermakingandprintingtotheWestandbroughtBuddhism,Nestorianism,andIslamandtheirrelatedartsandculturesintoChina.Fromtimeimmemorial,theSilkRoadhasbeenarouteoffriendlyintercoursebetweentheChineseandforeignpeople.

TheancientSilkRoadyieldsawealthofworldfamoustreasures.Aseriesofpasses,castles,grottotemples,courierstations,burialsitesandbeacontowersshinewithbrilliance.

ThegreaterpartoftheSilkRoadthreadsitswaythroughXinjiang.Ancienttravelersleftbehindmanyhistoricalrecordsandinvaluablerelics.

AndallthisremindspeoplefromtimetotimethattheChinesenationhadspreaditssplendidbutuniqueancientcivilizationtothewestandeventothewholeworldthroughthismainroutesothatthepeopleallovertheworldcouldunderstanditsgreatorientalcivilization.

ItusedtobethemainarteryofcommunicationandculturalexchangebetweenChinaandthewesterncountries.

DifferentRoutesoftheSilkRoadThereismorethanonerouteoftheSilkRoad.Theroutesvaryduetotheirdifferentdestinationsinthewestinthedifferentdynasties.Buttherearethreemainroutes.TheroutealongthenorthsideofTianshanMountainistheNorthTianshanRoute;thatalongthesouthsideofTianshanMountain,theSouthTiansha