Davos man 背景知识讲解

Whatcanwelearnfromthispicture?WorldEconomicForumTheWorldEconomicForum

isaninternationalinstitutioncommittedtoimprovingthestateoftheworldthroughpublic-privatecooperationinthespiritofglobalcitizenship.“theworldeconomicforum“canalsobecalled“Davosforum.Doyouknowwhy?Let’slearnaboutthedevelopmenthistoryofthewordeconomicforum.世界经济论坛是一个非官方的国际组织，于1971年由现任论坛主席、日内瓦商学院教授克劳斯施瓦布创建的“欧洲管理论坛”因为这个论坛在全球的影响力不断扩大，它在五年以后改为会员制。1987年，“欧洲管理论坛”更名为“世界经济论坛”。论坛的年会每年一月底至二月初在瑞士的达沃斯小镇召开，故也称为“达沃斯论坛。达沃斯也因此闻名遐迩，成为旅游圣地。ExtraordinarysceneryofDavosMostDavosMenandWomenshareatleastonebelief:thatglobalization,theunimpededflowsofcapital,laborandtechnologyacrossnationalborders,isbothwelcomeandunstoppable.(尽管与会男女各不相同，但他们大多数有一个共同信念：全球化，即资本﹑劳动力和技术不受阻碍的跨国界流动，既值得欢迎又不可阻挡。)Whatisglobalization.

They

see

the

world

increasingly

as

one

vast,

interconnected

marketplace

in

which

corporations

search

for

the

most

advantageous

locations

to

buy,

produce

and

sell

their

goods

and

services.

(在他们看来，世界越来越像一个巨大的互相联系的市场。在这个市场里，企业寻求采购﹑生产及销售产品和服务的最佳地点。)As

borders

and

national

identities

become

less

important,

some

find

that

threatening

and

even

dangerous.

In

an

essay

entitled

“Dead

Soul:

The

Denationalization

of

the

American

Elite,”Harvard

Professor

Samuel

Huntington

describes

Davos

Man

(a

phrase

that

first

got

widespread

attention

in

the

1990s)

as

an

emerging

global

superspecies

and

a

threat.

（随着对边界和对国家的认同变得不那么重要，有些人将此当成威胁，甚至危险。哈佛大学教授塞缪尔?亨廷顿在一篇题目为《死魂灵：美国精英的非国家化》的论文中将达沃斯人（该说法在20世纪90年代首次引起广泛关注）描写为新兴的全球超级物种和威胁。）

Globalization=Threaten(威胁）?Somedisadvantagesofglobalization：First,economicglobalizationhasledglobaleconomicsituationasawholestateofaffairsismoresignificant.（首先，经济全球化使全球经济牵一发而动全身的势态更加显著。）Second,economicglobalizationmakeseconomicsovereigntyofcountries,particularlytheindependenceoffiscalandmonetarypolicyisfacingincreasingchallenges.（其次，经济全球化使各国的经济主权、特别是财政和货币政策的独立性面临日益严峻的挑战。）Third,economicglobalizationhasexacerbatedthealreadyexistinggapbetweenrichandpoor.（第三，经济全球化加剧了现已存在的贫富差距。）Pros(利）：Itpromotestheworldwideflowimprovementanddevelopmentofinternationaltradeinternationaldivisionoflaborfactorsofproductionlevels,thuspromotingefficiencyofresourceallocation.Developmentofthenationalproductiveforces,tonationaleconomiesprovideabroaderspacefordevelopment.（它促进了生产要素在全球范围内的流动，国际分工水平的提高以及国际贸易的发展，从而推动资源配置效率的提高。全国生产力的发展，为各国经济提供了更广阔的发展空间。）TheprosandconsofglobalizationCons(弊）:Economicglobalizationisessentiallybasedonthedevelopedcapitalistinternationallyoriented.Itmakestheworldamoreunbalancedeconomicdevelopment,seriouspolarization;exacerbatetheinstabilityoftheglobalecon