初中英语音标教学1

International

Phoneticsymbols（国际音标）TheAlphabetWhatarephoneticsymbols?thesystemorpatternofspeechsoundsusedinaparticularlanguage?语音最小单位是音素。语言的语音都是由四十八个不同的音素相互组合而成的。Howmanyphoneticsymbolsarethere?48phoneticsymbolsVowelsoundsConsonantsPurevowelsdiphthongsVoiceless

C.Voiced

C.[i:][i][e][æ][ə:][ə][۸][α:][ɔ:][ɔ][u:][u][ei][əu][ai][au][ɔi][iə][ɛə][uə][p][t][k][f][s][Ѳ][ʃ][ʧ][tr][ʦ][h][b][d][g][v][z][ð][ӡ][dӡ][dr][dz][r][l][m][n][ŋ][w][j]元音vowels(20个)1.前元音

[i:]–e,ee,ea,ie,ei,eo…A:Teaorcoffee?B:TeaforLeeandcoffeeforme,please.[i]–i,e,y,ey…Hislittlesisterissittinginthemiddle.[e]–e,ea,ai…Good,better,best.Neverletitrest.Tillgoodisbetter.Andbetterbest.[æ]–aCat,cat!Catchthatblackrat!

hesee,read,piece,

ceiling,

peopleis,English,busy,moneyred,then,head,againhat,bag,can,appleCompareit--eat2.live—leave3.fill—feel4.seat—sit5.tree—trip6.bit—bee7.sheep—ship8.deed—did9.live—leave10.feed—fit11.pea—pit12.rid—read13.street—strict14.sleep—slipComparebet--bat

2.pat—pet3.bag—beg4.sat—set5.neck--lack6.sad—said7.bad—bed8.dad—dead9.lad—led10.fad—fed[ə]–er,a,eThefarmer’ssisterisadoctor.[ə:]–ir,urorTheearlybirdcatchesthewormfirst.[Λ]–o,uCometothefrontonthedouble.clever,ruler,panda,opengirl,shirt,purple,worklove,colour,us,duck中元音earth nurse skirtlearnherwordReadthewordsear(不单独出现时)urireror[:]Phrases[ə:]AdirtyskirthurtabirdLearntoworkworseandworseReadthewordsagoagainaddresshundredparentlicensewaterAugustbananatodaycolourpolicemanaeeroour

在非重读音节中[ə]

[]PhrasesSoonerorlaterAutumnandAugustWorkerandfarmeraboutthepictureoftheteacher

[a:]–ar,a…It’sfartothefarmfromthepark.[כ

]–o,aThelittlepotissohot.[כ:]—or,a,au,arMydaughterwho’sforty-fourisalawyer.[u]–ooLookatthecookbook.It’sreallygood.[u:]–oo,u,ou,oe…Howdoyoudo?Youlookreallycool.shop,sorry,watch,whatmorning,call,autumn,warmfootball,wood,classroom,booksoon,ruler,soup,shoehalf,class,park,hard后元音Compare[Λ][a:]cut--cart2.luck—lark3.duck—dark4.tough—task5.mud—mark6.bus—bath7.far—fun8.shut—shark[a:][Λ]['fa:]['sΛp]['ka:pit]['sΛndi]['pa:ti][bΛs][fa:m][sΛn]['ba:skit][Λt]Compare[][]pot--port2.lot—lord3.not—north4.fox—forks5.shot—short6.wok—walk7.spot—sport8.cock—caughtCompare[][ə]

walk—workshort—shirtwarm—worddoor---dirtsore---sircause---curd_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[i:][i][e][æ][a:][ɔ:][ɔ][u:]

[u]Λ

[]

[ə:][ə]单元音

vowels(12个)双元音[ei]–a,ai,ay,ea,eiRain,raingoaway.LittleJohnnywantstoplay.[ai]–i,yOutofsight,outofmind.[כi]—oy,oiSoybeanoilismychoice.[əu]–o,oa,ow,Goandopenthewindow,Joe,andshowmethephoto.[au]–ou,owIfoundamouseinthehouse.game,rain,play,greatfive,idea,try,goodbyeboy,toy,point,oilold,hello,coat,showabout,round,down,townfacesamegameplaywastehatelatehaycomplainfamousReadthewordsIlifequietmindpricenightdieshywhiteliehighPhrases[ei]hatetobelatesaveherfaceneverwastemetthefirstlady[ai]PhrasestheblueskyinthecountrysidethebitingwindOutofsight,outofmind[ai]

写法________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1[→2[ai→3

[ai]roadcoatgoatboatloadcoldsmokego

homehopeReadthewordshowaboutshoutcow

loudmousegroundhourcrownmouthPhrases[əu]

GoldCoastmakeatoastbeallbonesthelocallanguagePhrases[au]

goforanoutingbetweenourselvesreadaloudoutofdate[au]________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________写法

1[→2[au

→3

[au]LearnthephrasestoilandmoilaspoiledboyAnnoyingnoiseliveforenjoymentReadthewords

Boysandgirls,pleasepayattentionto“oy”!boytoyjoy

soyannoyingemployReadthewordsNowpleasepayattentionto“oi”!

oilsoilboilcoinpointnoise

[iə]–ear,eer,eaWeareneartheendoftheyear.[Èə]–ere,air,are,eirWherethereisawill,thereisaway.[uə]–ure,ourIt’ssuretobegoodforthetourists.Poortour!hear,year,deer,reallythere,chair,careful,theirsure,tour,poor,February

[ɛə]写法________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1[→2[ɛə

→3

[ɛə]Readthewords[iə]eardearheartearfearclearherebeersneerpeer

[Èə]pearwearwhere

darecaresharebarerarehairflairfairstairrepair

Readthephrases[iə]

comeheredrinkthebeerveryclearfearnothinghereandthereCheeringwithtearsLearnthephrases

shareyourbananawithmonkeyeatalotofpearsararemetalrunbarefootatthetradefairReadthewords[uə]

sureunsurebrochurepoormoortourTongueTwister

Suresuresure,Poorpoorpoor,I’msureyouknowI’mpoor,SoIcan’tgotomakeatour._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[iə][ɛə][uə]

[ei][ai][əu][au]

[ɔi]

[i:][i][e][æ][a:][]

[ə:][ə]

[ɔ:][ɔ][u:]

[u]Λ元音

vowels(20个)辅音28个辅音Consonants(28个)1.爆破音

[p]Practicemakesperfect.[b]Barryfoundabigbugonherbed.[t]Thisisahat,that’sacap.[d]ThedoormantoldDavidtogodown.[k]Don’tkitthekitten.[g]Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.[p] [b]pay---baypear–bearpen---Benpig---big[p] [b]cap---cablap---labtap---tabrope---robe[t] [d]town–downtie–dietear–deartouch–Dutch[t] [d]bent–bendright–ridelent–lendbet–bed两清辅音一起时，后一个清辅音变成浊辅音，或叫浊化[sp]→[sb]

[st]→[sd][sk]→[sg]speakspitspystudystarstartskyschoolscreen[k] [g]Kate–gatecard–guardcould–goodcoat–goat[k] [g]pick–pigflak–flagback–bagLock–log2.鼻音[m]MayIhavesomemilk,mum?[n]Noraknowsthenewcomer.[ŋ]Linglingislisteningtothesong.Comparen[n]ng/nk[ŋ]

in—inksin-singthin---thingthan—thankson---song

3.摩擦音[f]Ifyoubuyfish,makesureit’sfresh.[v]Victorisveryclever.[

]Thankyouforyourtablecloth.[

ð]Thosearefarandthesearenear.[s]Sandyhasanewswimmingsuit.[z]WhatsizeofshoesdoesDaisywear?[

]

sure,she,social,nation

Washthefish,please.[ʒ]

pleasure,

televisionGeorgemeasuredthegaragewithpleasure.[h]

havehot,whowhole

hatehouseHelenholdsherhands.[r]

read,write,

wrongAreyoureadytoread?

4.破擦音

[t]

Heteacheschildrenhowtoplaychess.[d]Johnlikestotelljokes.

[tr]There’relotsoftrucksinthestreet.[dr]Helikesstrongdrinks.[ts]Thestudentsarewearingwhiteshirts.[dz]Takeawayyourdirtyhands.

ʒ5)舌边音:[l]land,world

如果在后面读[ł]little,middle,castle，puzzleWhatabeautifulbicycle!6)半元音:[w]wall,what,answer

Thehomeworkeveryweekisveryhard.[j]

yes

yellowyearYes,youryellowskirtiswet.lightnightrightlockknockrocklotnotrotleadneedreadlicenicerice

compare:1.Redlorry,yellowlorry,redlorry,yellowlorry.