大学视听说英语第4册第六单元Section A

Unit6AsHisNameIs,SoIsHe!Twosentences:Overaverylargenumberoftrials,theprobabilityofanevent’soccurringisequaltotheprobabilitythatitwillnotoccur.在大量的实验中，某一事件发生的几率等于它不发生的几率。Mostsubstancecontractwhentheyfreezesothatthedensityofasubstance’ssolidishigherthanthedensityofitsliquid.大多数物质遇冷收缩，所以他们的密度在固态时高于液态。MovierecommendationPhoneBooth狙击电话亭AsHisNameIs,SoIsHe!

“as...so…”结构在此用来表示相似或类比“如...就像...”沙漠似海，骆驼似舟。Asthedesertislikeasea,soisthecamellikeaship.T1就像机器需要经常运转一样，身体也需要经常锻炼。(Just)asamachineneedsregularrunning,sodoesthebodyneedregularexercise.

P1391.Aswateristofish,(空气对于人也一样）.soisairtoman2.Asthelionisthekingofallanimals,(鹰也是鸟类之王）.soistheeaglethekingofallbirds3.AswineistoFrenchpeople,(啤酒对于英国人也一样）.soisbeertotheBritish4.JustascoffeeistoWesterners,(茶对于中国人也一样）.soisteatotheChinese5.JustastheFrenchlovetheirwine,(英国人一样喜欢自己的啤酒）.sodotheEnglishlovetheirbeerPara.1feellike(doing)sth.

haveawishfor;want我不想喝茶。Idon'tfeellikeacupoftea.她觉得自己象个傻瓜一样。Shefeltlikeafool.她被叫做黛比，一个和她的漂亮容貌和优雅举止不相匹配的名字。She’dbeenknownasDebbie–anamethatdidn’tsuithergoodlookandelegantmanner.我真的不想要黛比这个名字。Ijustdon’tfeellikeaDebbie.Para.2Oneday,whilefillingoutanapplicationform

forapublishingjob,theyoungwoman

impulsivelysubstitutedhermiddlename,

Lynne,forherfirstnameDebbie.由“while”,“when”,“after”

等连词引导的时间状语从句,其谓语动词可以用限定或非限定形式。例句中的“fillingout”为动词“fill”的非限定形式。例句中的时间状语从句谓语动词也可用限定形式改为:whileshewasfillingout…P139IX1.Whilewaitingatthedoctor's,Ireadanentireshortstory.2.Afterusingthebrush,putitinitsproperplace.3.Beforebeinginthearmy,hewasanengineer.4.Ideliberatelydidn'treadthebookbeforegoingtoseethefilm.5.Whenbuyinganewcar,itisbesttoseekexpertadvice.T2在美国学习时，他学会了弹钢琴。HelearnttoplaythepianowhilestudyingintheUnitedStates.fillout

1.getfatter她的两颊变得丰满了。Hercheekshavefilledout.2.toputin;我填表申请那个职位。Ifilledoutaformtoapplyforthatvacancy.substitute

①vt.toputorusesb./sth.toreplacesb./sth.

else;substituteAforB用A代替BBecauseoftheunexpectedinjuryoftheleadingplayer,thecoachhadtosubstitute

thereserveplayerforhim②vi.to

actorserveatareplacement在这种烹饪法里面可以用蜂蜜代替糖。Honeycansubstituteforsugarinthisrecipe.③n.personorthingthatreplaces,actsfor

orservesassb.orsth.那位教师生病了，因此今天由代课老师教课。Theteacher'sill,soasubstituteisteachingtoday.Oneday,while_______outanapplicationformforapublishingjob,theyoungwomanimpulsively__________hermiddlename,Lynne,forherfirstnameDebbie.“ThatwasthesmartestthingI_______did,”shesaysnow.“AssoonasI_________callingmyselfDebbie,Ifeltmore___________withmyself…andotherpeoplestartedto______memoreseriously.”Twoyearsafterhersuccessfuljobinterview,the________waitressisnowasuccessfulmagazineeditor.Friendsand__________callherLynne.一天，在填写一份出版工作职位的申请表时，这名年轻女子一时冲动，用她的中名琳替换了她的名字黛比。Oneday,whilefillingoutanapplicationformforapublishingjob,theyoungwomanimpulsivelysubstitutedhermiddlename,Lynne,forherfirstnameDebbie.Para.3characteristic①adj.representative;representingaperson’s

orthing’susualcharacter六月的特点是雨天多。RainydaysarecharacteristicofJune. ②n.aspecialandeasilyrecognizedqualityofsb.orsth.基因决定了每一种生物的特征。Genesdeterminethecharacteristicsofeverylivingthing.美国人和加拿大人的性格特点有什么不同？WhatcharacteristicsseparateAmericans

fromCanadians?approvaln.

Ifsb.orsth.hasyourapproval,youlikeandadmirethem父亲对儿子的所作所为表示赞同。Thefatherexpressedapprovalofwhatthesondid.disapprovaln.(of)oppositeto“approval”;thestateofhavingabadopinion(ofsb.orsth.).她对我们所做的事毫不掩饰地表示反对。Shemadenosecretofherdisapproval

ofwhatwehaddone.forbetterorworsewhateverhappens;eventherearedifficulties无论结果好坏，只要尽力了，就无怨无悔。Forbetterorworse,youwon’tfeelregretaslongasyouhavedoneeverythinginyourpower.事情已经做了，不管结果如何,我们现在都没法改变了。It'sbeendone,andforbetterorworse,wecan'tchangeitnow.T4真实情况是，不管是好是坏，随着新科技的进步，世界发生了变化。Therealityisthat,forbetterorworse,theworldhaschangedwiththeadvanceofnewtechnologies.reserve:n.1.thequalityofself-controlorrestraint他在谈话时不再拘谨。Helosthisreservewhiletalking.2.(usu.pl.)sth.keptorsavedforlateruse他们卖掉了一半木材，其余的储备下来过冬。Theysoldhalfthewoodandkepttherestinreserveforwinter.reserve:vt.1.keepsomethingforaparticularpurpose这些座位是留给老年人的。Theseseatsarereservedforoldpeople.2.arrangeforaplaceinahotel,restaurant,plane,etc.tobekeptforsomeonetouselater这是一部非常受欢迎的戏剧，提前预定位子将是明智之举。Itisaverypopularplay,anditwouldbewisetoreverseseatsinadvance.conveyv.

to

communicateorexpresssth.,withorwithoutusingwordsColorslikeredconveyasenseofenergyandstrength.他的音乐表达了一种乐观主义情绪。Hismusicconveysasenseofoptimism.一张好的照片总能比言语表达更多。Agoodphotographycanoftenconveyfarmorethanwords.Naturally,thenamechangedidn’t________Debbie/Lynne’sprofessionalachievement–butitsurelyhelped________byaddingabitofself-confidencetohertalents.Socialscientistssaythatwhatyou’recalledcan_______yourlife.Throughouthistory,nameshavenot_______identifiedpeoplebutalsodescribedthem.“Ashisnameis,so____he.”saystheBible,andWebster’sDictionaryincludesthefollowing_________ofname:“awordorwordsexpressingsomequality________characteristicordescriptiveofapersonorathing,oftenexpressingapprovalordisapproval”.Notewell“approvalordisapproval”.Forbetteror_________,qualitiessuchasfriendlinessor__________,plainnessor_________maybesuggestedbyyournameand_________tootherpeoplebeforetheyevenmeetyou.不管是好是坏，诸如友好或拘谨，相貌平平或漂亮妩媚等特征已经在你的名字中有所暗示，甚至他们在见到你本人之前就已经知道你的这些特征了。Forbetterorworse,qualitiessuchasfriendlinessorreserve,plainnessorcharmmaybesuggestedbyyournameandconveyedtootherpeoplebeforetheyevenmeetyou.Para.4qualifyv.

to(make)havethenecessaryskills,knowledge,ability,etc.todosth.Peopleonlowincomesmayqualifyforaspecialheatingallowance(津贴).本培训课程将使你能胜任更好的工作。Thistrainingcoursewillqualifyyouforabetterjob.虽然你大学毕业了，英语本科文聘并不意味你有资格教英语。Althoughyouhavegraduatedfromuniversity,abachelor'sdegreeinEnglishdoesnotqualifyyoutoteachEnglish.refine:vt.1.makesomeonebecomemoreelegant教育能使人举止优雅。Educationcanrefinepeople'smanners.2.makeasubstancepureThepurposeofthisfactoryistorefinecrudeoil.这家工厂是提炼原油的。refined:adj.politeandseemingtobewell-educated优雅的谈吐文雅的举止arefinedwayofspeakingrefinedmannersNamesbecome__________tospecificimages,asanyonewho’sbeencalled“aplainJane”or“justanaverageJoe”can_____.Thelattername_________bothersmesincemynameisJoe,whichsomethinkmakesmemore__________tobeabaseballplayer_________,say,anart________.然而，尽管由此局限，我确实曾一度设法成为了一名艺术品论家。Evenso,one________magazineconsistentlyrefusedto________“Joe”inmyby-line,_________myfirstinitials,J.S.,instead.我怀疑，假如我的名字是比较文雅的阿瑟或艾德里安的话，我的名字早已完整地出现在杂志上了。

Para.5turndownrefusetoconsider他的提议被拒绝了。Hisproposalwasturneddown.他想参军，但因为身体不好被拒绝了。Hetriedtojointhearmybutwasturneddownbecauseofpoorhealth.T3令我们失望的是，他拒绝了我们的邀请。Toourdisappointment,eupto

comecloseto;toequal他向我走来，问我现在几点。HecameupandaskedmeifIknewthetime.你最近的工作和你惯常的高要求不同哦。Yourrecentworkhasn’tcomeuptoyourusualhighstandards.pressfor

tryinadeterminedwaytogetsomething记者们正逼着他作出解释。Reportersarepressinghimforanexplanation.beillateaseuncomfortable;anxious,orworried我在陌生环境中总觉得不自在。Ialwaysfeelillateaseinastrangeenvironment.atone'sease给他一杯酒，让他放松下来。Givehimadrinktoputhimathisease.我班里的大多数女生在被要求回答问题时都似乎感到不自在。Mostofthefemalestudentsinmyclassappeartobeillateasewhen(theyare)requiredtoanswerquestions.当然，有积极含义的名字对你是有好处的，甚至能促进你结交新朋友。最新调查表明：美国男士认为苏珊是最有吸引力的女性名字，而女士则认为理查德和戴维是最有吸引力的男性名字。OnewomanIknow________downa_____datewithaman_________Harrybecause“he_______dull”.Severaleveningslater,she___________meataparty,_______foranintroductiontoavery_________man;they’dbeen__________glancesallevening.“Oh,”Isaid.“YoumeanHarry.”Shewas__________.Para.6be/feelguiltyof

feelingunhappybecauseonethinksthathehasdonesth.wrong

Whoaretoblameforasharpincreaseintheteenagecrime?Families?Schools?Infact,thewholesocietyisguiltyofthistrend.面对剧增的青少年犯罪，该怪谁？家庭？学校？事实上，整个社会对此都有罪责。stereotype:vt.havefixedunfairideasaboutatypeofpersonorthing教师尝尝对说话带有明显地方口音的孩子有成见。Teachersoftenstereotypekidswhospeakwithstrongregionalaccents.我们不应该对顽皮的学生抱有成见。Weshouldn'thavestereotypedopinionsaboutnaughtypupils.tosomeextent:

toacertaindegree

similarexpression:toalargeextent;toacertainextent在某种程度上那是我的错。Tosomeextent,thatwasmyfault.在很大程度上我同意你所说的话。Iagreewithwhatyousaytoalargeextent.这篇文章在一定程度上反映了真实情况。Toacertainextent,jecton/onto:imaginesomeoneelseisfeelingthesamefeelingsasyou他们觉得我们与他们有同样的梦想，真是荒谬。Itisnotreasonablethattheyprojecttheirdreamsontous.takechargeof:takecontrolandbecomeresponsibleforsomeoneorsomethingT6当地政府负责运动会的安全。Thelocalgovernmenttookchargeofthesecurityforthesportsmeeting.thoughtful:adj.

1.engagedinthought她一脸沉思的表情。Shehadathoughtfulexpressiononherface.2.showingcarefortheneedofothers你考虑得真周到，为我做了一切必要的安排。Itwasverythoughtfulofyoutomakeallthenecessaryarrangementsforme.Thoughmostofuswouldliketothinkourselves______fromsuchprejudicednotions,we’reall________ofthenamestereotyping___________.Often,we________name-basedstereotypesonpeople,asonewomanfrienddiscoveredwhiletaking_______ofanurseryschool’sgroupoffour-year-olds.ThereIwas,tryingtogetalittle____boynamedJuliantosit_____andreadabook–andpushingathoughtful_______namedRorytoplayball.Ihadtheirpersonalities____________becauseoftheirnames.Para.7award:

vt.givesomeonesomethingasarewardforwhattheyhavedone厂方给所有工人增加了5%的工资。Themanagementawardedallfactoryemployeesafivepercentpayincrease.

n.somethinggiventosomeoneasarewardforwhattheyhavedone他为国家做出了重大贡献，获得了最高奖。Hewonthehighestawardforhisgreatcontributiontohiscountry.objective:adj.basedonfacts,ormakingadecisionthatisbasedonfacts法庭上陪审团的裁决必须绝对客观公正。Ajury'sdecisionincourtmustbeabsolutelyobjective.objectively:adv.basedonfacts他希望我能客观地描写所发生的情况。HehopedthatIwouldwriteobjectivelyaboutwhathadhappened.object:n.1.物体，东西2.~ofdesire,study,attention对象3.宗旨，目标，目的4.宾语

v.1.~（tosb/sth)~(todoingsth/tosbdoingsth)不同意objection:n1.~(tosth/todoingsth)~(that...)反对，异议objective:n.目标，目的appealing:adj.attractive;inviting免费度假的主意相当诱人。Theideaofafreeholidayisratherappealing.线条柔和的汽车应该对女性有吸引力。Carswithsoftsmoothshapesaresupposedtobeappealingtofemales.1.很明显，这样的偏见也会影响课堂成绩。2.TeachersgaveconsistentlylowergradesonessaysapparentlywrittenbyboysnamedElmerandHubertthantheyawardedtothesamepaperswhenthewriters’namesweregivenasMichaelandDavid.3.教师的偏见不是造成课堂成绩差别的唯一原因。4.女孩受同伴欢迎的程度也与她们的名字受欢迎的程度有关系。para.8bestuckwithbeunabletogetridof/goordoanythingfurther,esp.becauseof

difficulties我被这个问题缠住了。Iamstuckwiththisproblem.我们不得不接待不期而至的亲戚们。Wewerestuckwithrelativeswhocametostayunexpectedly.labeln.

apieceofpaper,givinginformationaboutit我先看标签上的说明，然后决定买下它。Ireadtheinformationonthelabel,andthendecidedtobuyone.Thoughyourparentsprobably_________yournameto_____alifetime,rememberthatwhenthey_____itthey’dhardlymetyou,andthehopesanddreamsthey________whentheychooseitmaynot________yours.Ifyournamenolongerseemsto________you,don’t_________;youaren’t______withthe________.Moviestarsregularlychangetheirnames,andwithsome___________,youcan,too.Amini-testFillintheblankswiththefollowingwordsandphrases.As…,so…substitutecharacteristicapprovaldisapprovalbeillateasebeguiltyofto…extentlabelHeexpressedhis___________________ofwhattheyhaddone.2.Suchhonestyis___________ofhim.3.Theywere___________violencefordialogue.4.____youtreatme,____Ishalltreatyou.5.Attendingsuchaformalandmagnificentpartyforthefirsttime,shefeltsomewhat_________.6.Becausethereisno_____ontheluggage,wedon’tknowtowhomitbelongs.7.Ifeel_______aboutnothavingwrittentoyousooner.8._____________,wemustconfesst