【名师大讲堂】高考英语一轮总复习 Unit4 Astronomy：the science of the stars课件 新人教必修3

Astronomy：thescienceofthestars1.preventsb.fromdoingsth.

stopsb.fromdoingsth.

keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事注意：prevent…from…和stop…from…中的from在主动语态中有时可以省略，但在被动语态中不可省；keep…from…中的from则无论在任何情况下都不可省略。按照句子意思在横线上填入适当的词。①Theycouldn’t

laughingwhiletheywereplayinggames.②Wehadtoworkforhoursto_____________theshipgoingdown.stopstop/prevent2.nowthat既然=since

Nowthat(=Since)shehasajobinFranceshecangratifyherdesiretoseeEurope.既然现在她在法国工作，那就可以满足她游览欧洲的愿望了。

NowthatI’vepaidthetaxdemandandthechildren’sschoolfees,I’llbehead-over-heelsindebtforthenextsixmonths.由于我已缴了应纳的税和孩子们的学杂费，在以后的６个月中我将债台高筑。翻译下面的句子。①既然你长大了,就不应该依靠你的父母。

________________________________

________________________________②既然大家都到了，那么就开始会议吧。

____________________________________________________Now(that)youaregrownup,youshouldnotrelyonyourparents.Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sbeginthemeetingnow.3.与break相关的词组：(1)breakdowna.(机器坏)出故障；

b.汽车抛锚；

c.谈判破裂了；

d.人身体垮了①Owingtooverworkdayandnight,thewomanfinallybrokedown.(d)②Thepeacetalksbrokedownwithoutanyagreementreached.(c)③Toourdespair,ourcarbrokedownhalfwayonthehighway.(a)(2)breakoffa.（使）突然结束，中断；

b.结束/暂停工作；c.（使）折断①Webrokeofftohaveacupoftea.(b)②Thetwocountrieshavebrokenoffdiplomaticrelations.(a)③Ibrokeoffapieceofchocolateandgaveittothelittleboy.(c)(3)breakupa.结束，驱散；b.分离，断绝关系；

c.（学校或学生）开始放假①WhatwillhappentothechildrenifMaryandTombrokeup?(b)②Thepolicehadtoemployforcetobreakupthecrowd.(a)③OurschoolbegantobreakuponTuesday.(c)(4)breakawayfrom脱离；逃脱；与……断绝来往/改变某种习惯(5)breakin闯入；插话(6)breakout(战争等)爆发；逃出(无被动式)(7)breakthrough突破；突围（1）分别给①②③的句子中关于break的词组标上恰当的意思。（2）用与break相关的词组填空。①Theirfriendship

becausetheyhadafight.②Burglars

whilewewereawayonholiday.③Pleasedon’t

onourconversation.④AsthePresident’scararrived,thecrowd__________loudapplause.brokeupbrokeinbreakinbrokeinto⑤Scientistshopeto

soonintheirsearchforacureforthistypeofcancer.⑥Aterriblewar

inhiscountryandcausedmillionsofthousandsofdeath.breakthroughbrokeout4．【辨析】intime和ontime区别：：(1)intime及时，，迟早早，意意指正正赶上上时候候或恰恰在需要要的时时候；；或者者解释释为““终有有一天天，最最终”。。Theysentthemailtomejustintime,beforeIleft.他们正正好及及时地地发邮邮件给给我，，在我我走之之前。。Intimetheycametoaccepttheharshfacts.他们最最终承承认了了严酷酷的事事实。。(2)ontime准时，，按时时Thetrainarrivedontime.火车准准时到到达。。与time相关的的其它它词组组：allthetime始终timeaftertime一次又又一次次地；；重复复地timeandagain一次又又一次次；重重复地地fromtimetotime有时；；偶尔尔；时时常innotime(atall)立刻；；赶快快；马马上keeptime(钟表)走得准准manyatime常常；；多次次按照句句子意意思在在横线线上填填入适适当的的词组组。①Williamandhisfriendarrivedatthetheatrejustfortheplaywastobeon.②Beingisoneofthedisciplinesofasuccessfulman.③“Dobebrave,boy.Iwillonyourside______________.”smiledtheoldman.④Irememberedthatourfamilyusedtovisitmyuncle’’imeontimeallthetimefromtimetotime1.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.allowsb.todosth.允许某某人去去做某某事（（后接接动词不不定式式）Myfatherallowedmetogooutforawalkafterfinishingmyhomework.Walkingonthegrassisnotallowed.2.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylayingeggs.bydoing用于说说明做做某事事的手手段，，方式式。如如：Idon’tthinkshecanhelphimbyjustgivinghimmoney.我认为为她光光靠给给钱是是帮不不了他他的。。Heusedtomakehislivingbypainting.他以前前是靠靠画画画为生生。3.Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.他们把过过多的的二氧氧化碳碳释放放到大大气层层中，，这使使得地地球上的热热不能能释放放到太太空中中去。。prevent……fromdoing阻止某某人做做某事事。如如：Hishearttroubledidnotpreventhim(from)goingtoclassthenextday.他的心心脏病病痛没没能阻止止他第第二天天去上上课。。Nothingcanpreventtheirplans(from)beingcarriedout.什么也也不能能阻止止他们们的计计划得得以实实施。。4.Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.在未来来的数百百万年年中，，生命命能否否在地地球上上延续续取决决于这这个问题题能否否得到到解决