2020年中考英语一轮复习冠词用法讲解

中考英语冠词用法讲解考点1、冠词用法冠词的句法功能a和an的区别不定冠词有*和an两种形式，a用于辅音音素（不是翱音字母）开头的词前，an用于元音音素（不是元音字母）开头的词前。元音字母开头但发辅音因素用a:university,European（欧洲的,usefiil,unit,uniformanhour,anisland,anelephant,anumbiella,aneleveiveight-yeai-oldboy八个辅音字母但发元音因素用an:F,H,L,M,N,R,S,X典型例题误］"Canyouhelpme”"SonyTminhunyn［正］""Canyouhelpme""SonyTminahurry”批注：不定冠词主要的难点是用在固定词组中，如：haveawalk/arest/alookinahunv匆匆忙忙makeaface作鬼脸dosomebodyafavour帮某人忙anumberof=manyhaveagoodtime（玩得好）haveacold（感冒）haveaheadache（头痛）haveabreak=havearest（休息、一下）定冠词的用法典型例题易错题辨析：［误］Iboughtthedictionaiyyesterday.Adictionaryisverygood・［正］Iboughtadictionaryyesterday.Thedictionaryisverygood・批注：在文章中第一次提到某物时用不定冠词，而第二次提到时用定冠词。5・［误］Pleaseturnofflightsbeforeyouleave・［正］Pleaseaimoffthelightsbeforeyouleave・批注：虽然是第一次提到某物但说话双方均知其所指，也应用定冠词。6・［误］Thereaienineplanetsaroundasun.［正］Therearenmeplanetsaroundthesun・批注：世上独一无二的天体等名词前应加定冠词，如ktheearth,themoon,thesun,thesky、thesea.7・［误］Iliveonasecondfloorofthisbuildmg.［正］Iliveonthesecondflooroftliisbuilding・批注：在序数词，形容词最高级前要用定冠词。如Heistlieoldestmthefamily.［误］Iwanttolearnthesecondlanguagethisterm・［正］Iwanttoleainasecondlanguagethisterm・批注：在序数词的含意不是顺序中的第一第二，而其意在于再学一个，再来一个时，应用a,本句的意思应为：这学期我要学一门第二外语。［误］Mississippiisoneoftlielongestriversilltheworld.［正］TheMississippiisoneoftlielongestriversilltheworld・批注：在河流名称前应加定冠词，如：theYellowRiver（黄河）。［误］Look,thereaieAlp・［误］Look,therearetheAlp.［正］Look,therearetheAlps.批注：具体的某一座山不加定冠词，女U：MountainTai.但在山名称前加定冠词后，其山名要加s,来表示山脉otheAlps即为阿尔卑斯山脉o如kTheAlpsareinthecenterofEurope.11・［误］Tunesisoneoftheoldestnewspapersilltheworld・［正］TheTimesisoneoftheoldestnewspapersintheworld.批注：报刊名称前应加定冠词。12・［误］Richaienotalwayshappy.［正］Thericharenotalwayshappy.批注：在形容词前加定冠词表示一类人，而在姓的前面加定冠词，姓后加S表示某一家，如：ThetinnersaiegomgtomovetoNewYork.13.［误］Thesunrisesineast.［正］Thesunrisesintheeast.批注：在方向、方位前应用定冠词，如：intheeastinthewest,illthenorth,inthesouth,illthedirection及inthepast,inthefuture・零冠词的用法【难点】用与不用冠词的差异inhospital住院/inthehospital在医院里infrontof在……（外部的）前面/inthefrontof在……（内部的）前面takeplace发生/taketheplace（of）代替gotoschool上学/gototheschool到学校去nextyear明年/thenextyear第二年ateacherandwriter一位教师兼作家（一人）/ateacherandawriter一位教师和一位作家（两人）典型例题易错题辨析：14・［误］Wouldyoupleasebuysomefoodforthesupper［正］Wouldyoupleasebuysomefoodforsupper批注：泛指一口三餐前无定冠词。15・［误］Iliketoclimbtliemountainintheautunm・［正］Iliketoclmibthemountaininautumn・批注：一年四季前不用定冠词，女U：Springisthebestseasoninayear.［误］Sometmiesmyparentscometoschooltoseeme.［正］Sometimesmyparentscometotheschooltoseeme.批注：有些名词被用作其本身原来所含目的时不加冠词，女U：gotoschool±学，leaveschool（辍学），afterschool（放学），但如果当建筑物讲时应加冠词，如例句中其父母来校不是上学，而是看塑孩子，则要加定冠词。又如：Hewasinhospitalfortwodays.（ftl在医院住院两天了。）而：Hewenttothehospitaltoseehismother•他去医院看塑他的母亲。［误］IwenttoNewYorkbyhisca匚［正］IwenttoNewYorkbycar.［正］IwenttoNewYorkinliiscar.批注：by仅仅与交通工具相连表示应用某种工具，而加了别的修饰词后其前面的介词也应作相应的转换。如:bvcai'（坐小汽车）bytaxi（坐出租车）bybike（骑自行车）bywater（乘船）byair（乘飞机）bysea（乘船）冠词与形容词+名词结构1）两个形容词都有冠词，表示两个不同东西。Heraisesablackandawhitecat.他养了一•只黑猫和一只白猫。Theblackandthewliitecatsaiehers.这只黑猫和白猫都是他的。2）如后一个形容词无冠词，则指一物。Heraisesablackandwliitecat.他养了一只花猫。冠词位置1）不定冠词位置不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。注意：久位于下列形容词之后：such,whatimany,halfIhaveneverseensuchananimal.Manyanianisfitforthejob.b.当名词前的形容词被副词as,so,too,how,however,enough修饰时，不定冠词应放在形容词之后：

ItisaspleasantadayasIhaveeverspent.soshortatime.toolongadistance.c.quite,rather与单数名词连用，冠词放在其后。但当rather,quite前仍有形容词，不定冠词放其前后均可。如：quitealot2）定冠词位置定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前，但放在all，both,double,half,twice,tlueetimes等词之后，名词之前。Alltliestudentsilltheclasswentout.班里的所有学生都出去了。［误］Marybegantolearnhowtoplaypianowhenshewastluee・［正］Marybegantolearnhowtoplaythepianowhenshewastluee.批注：在乐器前要加定冠词，而在球类游戏之前则不要加冠词，如：Theyliketoplaybridgewhentheyarefiee.（他们空闲时爱打桥牌）批注：以上内容总结为速记II诀：名词是秃子，常要戴帽子。可数名词单，须用a或an。辅音前用a,an在原音前。若为特指时，则须用定冠。复数不可数，泛指the不见。碰到代词时，定冠均不见。强化练习Therewillbeinterviewbetweenthemanagerandliisassistantsthisafternoon..A.anB.aC.theD./LittleTonyishonestboy.Henevertellslies.A.aB.ailC./D.thePleasestayfordnmer.Itwillbereadyinhalfhour.A.aB.anC.theD./Canyouseeone-eyedcowiiifield?A.,an,tlieB..a,tlieC../,theD.・a,aA:Whichgillisyourdaughter,Ivlr.Wliite?B:Oh.look,thatlittleoneinred.A.aB.anC./D.tlieHisfatherisengineer・Healwayswearsuniformatwoik.A.a...aE・a...anC・aii...aD・an...anyoungmailbesidemeisuniversitystudent.A.Ail...aB.An.../C.Tlie...anD.The...agirlwithatoyinherhandismylittlesister.A.AB.AnC.TheD./Myfriend.Harry,hisfavoritesportisplayinggolf.A.aB.ailC.theD./Lastweek,IwrotearticleonourSchoolFoodFestivaltoShanghaiStudentsfPost.A.theB.anC.aD./It'spleastu'eformetobeinvitedtoplaypianoattlieconceit.A.the,aE.a,theC・a,aD・a,/Iliketoreadbook.IfsbetterthanreadmgontheInternet.A./B.aC.anD.TheHeorderedabooksometimeagoandnow_bookhasarrived・A.aB.theC.anD./Heorderedawashingmacliinebyphonetwodaysago.and_machmehasarrived・A.aB.ailC.theD./teachersaidthatJackwasnewstudentandhewashonest.A.The,a,\E・A、the,aC・A,a,anD・The,a,ailTomlikesplayingfootbalLwliileLilylikesplayingviolin.A.the.../B./...theC.the...theD./.../Pleasegeteveiytliiiigready・Ouimeetingwillbegininhalfhoui.A.aB.anC.theD./Ifsabouthalfhour'swalkfromheretonearestundergi-oundstation.A.a...theB.an...theC./...theD.the...awestpanofourcountivC.人westpanofourcountivC.人thenextyear.D.the./A.the.theB.IJ20.MygrandpausedtohaveA.a,a—walkintliegardenaftersupper.B./,aC.a,/D・/,/20.MygrandpausedtohaveA.a,a—walkintliegardenaftersupper.B./,aC.a,/D・/,/21.ThescientistsfiomUnitedStatesliveinNmtliStreet.A.the.theB./,theC./,/D.the,/Tliereisreportintoday'snewspaper.IfsabouttheInternationalFilmFestival,Shanghai.A.aB.anC.theD./IvIeWangisambulancenian.Heisalwaysbusywitlithework・A.aB.theC.anD.TheTheoldladyteacheschildrentoplaypianoataweekendschool.A.aB.anC.theD./Lindaalwaystakesactivepaitinsportsafterschool・A./B.aC.anD.theCanIhavelookatthephotoofyourpenfriend.A.aB.aiiC./D.theMybrotlierlikesdrawingveiymuchandliisdreamistobecomearcliitect.A.theB.aC,ail0IlltheUnitedStates,Father'sDayisontliirdSundayinJune.A.aB.anC.theD./AimaorderedasquareumbrellafromtheTaobaonetlastweekandnowumbrellahasarrived.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zA.aB.anC.theD./Cindy,doyouhavee-mailaddresses?Iwanttosendyousomephotos.A.aB.anC.theD./31・CormorantfishmgistiaditionalChineseskill,butfewpeopleknowitnow.A.aB.anC.theD./32.Thesoldierrandownthestairs,twoattime.A.aB.ailC.theD./33.1canseeasmalldoginthegarden.dogismyneighbour's.A.AB.TheC./D.Ail"Whoknowstheanswertothequestion?”theteacherasked.A.aB.ailC.theD./ThedoubleNinthFestivalr