高一英语Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars主语从句新课标人教版

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestarsGrammarThesubjectclause主语从句

主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。1．

引导主语从句的连接词有三类：

(1)

连词that、whether

：That

they

were

in

truth

sisters

was

clear

from

the

facial

resemblance

between

them.

Whether

he’ll

come

here

isn’t

clear.

Thatpricewillgoupiscertain.Whetherwegobytrainorbyboatmakesnodifference.Whowillwritethepoemhasnotbeendecidedyet.Whateverhedidisright.What

she

did

is

not

yet

known.

Whoever

comes

is

welcome.

Whicheveryouwantisyours(2)

连接代词who,

whom,

whose,

what,

which,

whoever,

whatever,

whichever等

3)

连接副词

where,

when,

how,

why等。

How

this

happened

is

not

clear

to

anyone.

Wherever

you

are

is

my

home

----

my

only

home.

Whenhewillbebackdependsontheweather.Wherewelivedoesn’tmatter.Howthepyramidswerebuiltwasstillamystery.A.

It+be+形容词(obvious,

true,

natural,

surprising,

good,

wonderful,

funny,

possible,

likely,

certain,

probable,

etc.)+that从句。如：

It

is

certain

that

she

will

do

well

in

her

exam.

It

is

probable

that

he

told

her

everything.

B.

It+be+名词词组(no

wonder,

an

honour,

a

good

thing,

a

pity,

no

surprise,

etc.)+that从句。如：

It’s

a

pity

that

we

can’t

go.

It’s

no

surprise

that

our

team

should

have

won

the

game.

2.用it作形式主语的结构C.

It+be+过去分词(said,

reported,

thought,

expected,

decided,

announced,

arranged,

etc.)+that从句。如：

It

is

said

that

Mr.

Green

has

arrived

in

Beijing.

It

is

reported

that

China

has

sent

another

man－made

earth

satellite

into

orbit.

D.

It+seem,

happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如：

It

seems

that

Alice

is

not

coming

to

the

party

at

all.

Alice

It

happened

that

I

was

out

that

day.

E.

It+doesn’t

matter

(makes

no

difference,

etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如：

It

doesn’t

matter

whether

she

will

come

or

not.

It

makes

no

difference

where

we

shall

have

the

meeting.

F.

当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：

Is

it

true

that

the

scientist

will

give

us

a

lecture

next

week?

Does

it

matter

much

that

they

will

not

come

tomorrow?

G.

当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：

How

strange

it

is

that

the

children

are

so

quiet!

3.主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：（1）if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。（2）Itissaid/reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

ItissaidthatPresidentJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweek.ThatPresidentJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweekissaid.

（3）Ithappens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

Itoccurredtohimthathefailedintheexamination.Thathefailedintheexaminationoccurredtohim.（4）Itdoesn’tmatterhow/whether…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherheiswrongornot.Whetherheiswrongornotdoesn’tmatter.（5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。

Isitlikelythatitwillrainintheevening?Isthatwillrainintheeveninglikely?√×√×√×√×4.主语从句需注意的问题(1)主语从句中用陈述语序WhatsheisafraidofistheirtakinghertoParis.(Whatissheafraidof…Wrong)(2)主语从句后谓语动词用第三人称单数Thattheyhaven’tphonedisstrange.(3)that引导的主语从句中，that不可被省略Thatpricewillgoupiscertain.4.It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较

It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如：

Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.Itdoesn’tinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.

Itisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.ItisJohnthatbrokethewindow.

5.what与that在引导主语从句时的区别

what引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that则不然。例如：1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.2)Thatsheisstillaliveisaconsolation.Itisrightwhatyousaidyesterday.Itisaconsolationthatsheisstillalive.×√1.Whereshallwespendtheholidayisn’tdecided.2.Yourhavemadeamistakeisafact.3.Thatiscertainthatwecanwin.4.Nomatterwholeavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.5.Itisimportantthatastudentlearnsaforeignlanguage.weshallThatyouhaveItisWhoevershouldlearn改错练习1.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_______itwas?（01北京春季)

A．where B．what C．howD．which2.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,_______ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.（04上海）A.whereB.what