民航概论分析工具

民航概论分析工具TypesofImperfectlyCompetitiveMarketsMonopolisticCompetition垄断竞争

Manyfirmssellingproductsthataresimilarbutnotidentical.Marketsthathavesomefeaturesofcompetitionandsomefeaturesofmonopoly.Oligopoly寡头垄断Onlyafewsellers,eachofferingasimilaroridenticalproducttotheothers.MONOPOLISTICCOMPETITIONFourQuestions有关科學理論的四个问题Whatarethenecessaryinterrelatedconstructs?Howaretheconstructsrelated?Whyaretheconstructsrelatedinthewaysasspecified?Who,whereandwhenwilltheconstructsberelatedinsuchways?

EconomiesandDiseconomiesofScaleEconomiesofscaleoccurwhenlong-runaveragetotalcostdeclinesasoutputincreases.ScopeEconomiesLowingaveragetotalcostinproducingtwoormoreproducts.NetworkEconomiesAhubisatermusedtorefertoanairportthatairlinesusefrequentlyforconnectingpassengers,andcargo.Cargoandtravellersmovingbetweenairportsnotservedbydirectflightsuseahubtochangeplanestogettotheirdestination.

Source:/advice/plane-speaking/aviation-glossaryPriceDiscriminationPricediscriminationcanexistwhenthreeconditionsaremet:consumersdifferintheirdemandsforagivengoodorservice,afirmhasmarketpower,andthefirmcan preventorlimitarbitrage.PriceDiscriminationAirlineindustryisidealforpricediscrimination:Thesellerhassomecontrolontheprice,buyershavedifferentpriceelasticitiesofdemand,andresaleoftheticketbythebuyerisnotpossible.S-C-Pstructure:numberofbuyersandsellers,barrierstoentryofnewfirms,productdifferentiation,verticalintegration,diversification

conduct:advertising,researchanddevelopment,pricingbehavior,plantinvestment,legaltactics,productchoice,collusion,mergerandcontractsperformance:price,productionefficiency,allocativeefficiency,equity,productquality,technicalprogress,profitsTheFourBuildingBlocksofOrganizationalDNA

商业模式由四个密切相关的要素构成：

客户价值主张，赢利模式，关键资源，关键流程。商业模式由四个密切相关的要素客户价值主张是指你能为客户带来什么不能替代的价值,赢利模式是指你如何从为客户创造价值的过程中获得利润,关键资源是指企业内部如何汇聚资源来为客户提供价值,关键流程则是指企业内部制度和文化以实现其客户价值。客户价值主张和盈利模式分别明确了客户价值和公司价值,关键资源和关键流程则描述了如何实现客户价值和公司价值。

Thus,asshowninFigure1.1,managingcanbeseentotakeplacewithinatrianglewhenart,craft,andtheuseofsciencemeet.Artbringsintheideasandtheintegration;craftmakestheconnections,buildingontangibleexperiences;scienceprovidestheorder,throughsystematicanalysisofknowledge.Put

togetheragooddealofcraftwiththerighttouchofartalongsidesomeuseofscience,andyouendupwithajobthatisaboveallapract