文本分析 课件

Chapter5

caseanalysis

文本分析texttextfunctionLinguisticformformalityNature&carrierRelationshipbetweenthepartiesinvolvedThanks,inquiry,complaint,applicationInvitation,grammarsyntaxsemanticformalinformaltense,voice,mood,agreement…simple,compound,complex,short,long,rhetoricmaxims,terse,clearnormativeuptocorrespondingstandardbiz,application,superior-underlingFriends,kinship,lovers语域register语场（field），语旨（tenor）和语式（mode）交谈的话题以及场地等健康饮食教室食堂学术会议家庭交际双方的社会角色关系母子师生专家学者新闻记者语言活动所采用的媒介或渠道口头、笔头电话采访微信交流面对面交谈学术报告SignificanceDevelopathoroughunderstandingofthetextsAchieveabetterwritingeffectsFacilitateabettercommunicationpurposeLeaveabetterimpressiononpersonsinvolved文本本身内容一、对象二、事由功能或效果（以大局/公事为导向---说服力强）2.诉求（具有普遍性----增强说服力）3.建议（具体、可行性强）三、落款文本外内容

sth.beyondlanguage一、语法(grammar)拼写正确(correctspelling)语法正确(grammaticallyright)格式规范(inlinewithnorms二、语义(semantics)1.明确(clear-defined)2.简洁(briefandtothepoint)3.有说服力(persuasiveandconvincing)三、语体(styles)Formal:seriousness,moreimportantInformal:somewhatcasual,moredailyDependsonsituationsandtargetedfunctions文本分析的视角语言学视角普通语言学功能语言学语域语用学视角言语行为理论合作原则礼貌原则会话含义（1）数量准则：（为当前的会话）提供足够的信息；不要提供超于所需之外的信息。

（2）质量准则：说真话；不说缺乏足够证据的话。

（3）关系准则：说话内容要同话题有关。

（4）方式准则：避免表达晦涩；避免歧义；说话要简明且有条理。

语音、语调、词汇、语法言语功能：命令、提问、陈述；拒绝、接受、认可、驳回；角色关系如何有效利用文本文本语言是否符合受众的语言基础文本图式是否在受众的认知范围之内影响文本的因素有哪些如何根据既定目标调整文本，选择材料，调整话语组合方式等Example1AskingtoOpeningthemeetingroomDeardirector:Alltheemployeesarelookingforwardyouadmissiontoopenthemeeting-roomandgivearticlesforactivitiessuchasChinesechessorpokes,sothatwecanhaveagoodrestorhavesomehelpfulactivitiesatnoon.RespectfullyyoursAllEmployeesJanuary12,2014Example2Askingforopeningthemeeting-RoomDearsir:allemployeesarelookforwardyouadmissiontoopenthemeeting-room,givearticlesforactivitiessuchasChinesechessorpokesetc,sowecanhavegoodrest,orhavesomehelpfulactivitiesatnoon.Respectfullyyours.AllEmployeesJan.1207Example3Reportdate:jan.12.2014To:themasterofcompanyFrom:allworkingstaffSubject:aboutopenthemeeting-roomforrelaxDearsirInthebreak,therearenosparetoallworkingstaffstoreleasetheworkingpressureinourcompany.Sothereisfreeinthemeetingroomatnoon-rest.Wewantopenthemeeting-roomatnoo-rest.A