扬州中学2023届高三下学期4月阶段测试

21.Onaccountoffuelsuppliesbeingfiniteandmanypeoplebeingwasteful,wewillhavetoinstall________solarheatingdeviceinourhome.A.sometypeofa B.sometypesofa C.sometypeof D.sometypesof22.Thepriestmadethe________ofthecrosswhenheenteredthechurch.A.mark B.signal C.sign D.gesture23.

The

couple

________their

old

house

and

sold

it

for

a

vast

profit.

A.

did

for

B.

did

in

C.did

with

D.

did

up

24.Iwenttherein1984,andthatwasthemerelyoccasionwhenI________thejourneyinexactlytwodays.A.musttake B.musthavemade C.wasabletomake D.couldtake25.Therearestillmanyproblemsaheadofus,butbythistimenextyearwecanseelightattheendofthe________.A.battle B.day C.road D.tunnel26.Iknowhefailedhislasttest,butreallyhe’s________stupid.A.somethingbut B.anythingbut C.nothingbut D.notbut27.________,Mr.Wellsisscarcelyinsympathywiththeworkingclass.A.Althoughheisasocialist B.EvenifheisasocialistC.Beingasocialist D.Sinceheisasocialist28.

Traditionally,

local

midwives

would

________

all

the

babies

in

the

area.A.

handle

B.

produce

C.

deliver

D.

help29.What’sthechanceof________ageneralelectionthisyear?A.therebeing B.theretobe C.therebe D.theregoingtobe30.Thousandsofpeopleturnedoutintothestreetsto________againstthelocalauthorities’decisiontobuildahighwayacrossthefield.A.contradict B.reform C.counter D.protest31.Mr.Brown’sconditionlooksveryseriousanditisdoubtfulifhewill________.A.pullback B.pullup C.pullthrough D.pullout32.Hisremarkswere________enrageeverybodyatthemeeting.A.soasto B.suchasto C.suchto D.asmuchasto33.—Joe,don’tforgettobringyourlaptopwithyoutomorrow,OK?—Oh,thankyou.Iwouldn’tbringitifyou_____me. A.wouldn’tremind B.haven’treminded C.hadn’treminded D.shouldn’thavereminded34._____moreeffectivelywithothers,moreandmorepeopleequipthemselveswithahighereducation. A.Compete B.BeingcompetedC.TocompeteD.Competing35.Healthexpertsbelievethatevenalittleexerciseisfarbetterthan_____atall. A.none B.little C.everything D.anything第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）Thankstoacombinationofyoungbusinessmen,largenumbersofuniversitystudentsandrevitalization(新生)effortsbythelocalandnationalgovernments,today’sNanjinghasan36ofyouthfulexuberance(繁茂)thatwouldhavebeen37onlyafewdecadesago.38,thecity,aboomingcityof6.5milliononthebanksoftheYangtzeRiversome185mileswestofShanghai,bears39resemblancetotheformercapitalofChinathatsufferedtheworstcrueltyandviolenceofWorldWarII.40Nanjinghasshownaremarkablecapacityforreinventionduringits2,500-yearhistory.Andinrecentyears,thecityhasmoved41itstragicpasttobecomeavitalengineofChina’seconomicgrowth,thanks42toitspositioninthemiddleofChina’sprosperouseasternseaboard.Growthhasalso43thankstoimprovedgroundtransportation:AnewbullettrainlinkingNanjingandShanghaistartedservicelastyear,44traveltimebetweenthecitiesfromseveralhourstojust75minutes,andaBeijing-Shanghaihigh-speedlineis45toopenlaterthisyear,withastopinNanjing.Withinthecity,twometrolineswerebuiltinthelastfewyears;15moreareplannedtobeginserviceby2030.SignsofNanjing’s46wealthandoptimismcanbeseeneverywhere.IntheheartofthedowntownXinjiekoudistrict,abronzestatueofSunYat-sen,47thefatherofmodernChina,looks48overabusy49area.Thereisperhapsnomore50symbolofthecity’stransformationthantheZifengTower,a1,480-footskyscraperthatopeneditsdoorslastMay.51offices,restaurantsandanInterContinentalhotel,thetoweristhesecond-tallestbuildinginUnderlyingallthisdevelopmentisalargeChineseand52studentpopulation—thereareseveralmajoruniversities,plusabranchofJohnsHopkins’sinternationalstudiesschool.Infact,artandmusic53inOnalarger54,localgovernmentofficialsandprivateinvestorsarepushingthecityasarisingcenterforcontemporaryartandarchitecture,hopingtoattract55fromtheneon-bathedstreetsofitsneighborShanghai.36. A.advance B.affection C.air D.ability37. A.unforgettableB.unthinkable C.unbearable D.unnecessary38. A.Actually B.Regretfully C.Hopefully D.Consequently39. A.close B.slight C.much D.little40. A.Because B.But C.As D.Since41. A.beyond B.on C.off D.out42. A.inaddition B.inall C.inpart D.infact43. A.started B.enlarged C.existed D.accelerated44. A.removing B.cutting C.dividing D.lowering45. A.scheduled B.invented C.desired D.meant46. A.attractive B.well-received C.newfound D.discovered47. A.thought B.treated C.considered D.elected48. A.out B.at C.about D.for49. A.remote B.regional C.rural D.commercial50. A.universal B.visible C.traditional D.political51. A.Keeping B.Consisting C.Opening D.Housing52. A.British B.western C.American D.foreign53. A.springup B.standup C.setup D.keepup54. A.extent B.degree C.scale D.level55. A.businessmen B.students C.tourists D.painters第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）AInthe19thcentury,thereusedtobeamodelofhowtobeagoodperson.Thereareallthesetorrentsofpassionflowingthroughyou.Yourjob,ascaptainofyoursoul,istoerectdamstokeepthesepassionsincheck.Yourjobistojustsaynotolaziness,lust,greed,druguseandtheothersins.Thesedaysthatmodelisoutoffashion.Youusuallycan’tchangeyourbehaviorbysimplyresolvingtodosomething.Knowingwhattodoisnotthesameasbeingabletodoit.Yourwillpowerisnotlikeadamthatcanblockthetorrentofself-indulgence.It'smorelikeamuscle,whichtireseasily.Moreover,you'reasocialbeing.Ifeverybodyaroundyouisovereating,you’llprobablydoso,too.The19th-centurycharactermodelwasbasedonanunderstandingoffreewill.Today,weknowthatfreewillisbounded.Peoplecanchangetheirlives,butorderingchangeisnotsimplebecausemanythings,evenwithinourselves,arebeyondourdirectcontrol.Muchofourbehavior,forexample,isguidedbyunconscioushabits.ResearchersatDukeYoucanchangeyourownpersonalhabits.Ifyouleaverunningshortsontheflooratnight,that'llbeacuetogorunninginthemorning.Don’ttrytoignoreyourafternoonsnackcraving.Everytimeyoufeelthecueforasnack,insertanotherroutine.Takeawalk.Theirresearchthusimpliesadifferentcharactermodel,whichissupposedtomanipulatetheneuralnetworksinside.Tobeaneffectiveperson,underthismodel,youaresupposedtocoollyexamineyourownunconscioushabits,andthehabitsofthoseunderyourcare.Youaresupposedtodevisestrategiestoalterthecuesandroutines.Everyrelationshipbecomesslightlymanipulative,includingyourrelationshipwithyourself.You'retryingtoarousecertainresponsesbyimplantingcertaincues.Thisisabitdisturbing,becausetheimportanthabitualneuralnetworksarenotformedbymereroutine,norcantheybereversedbyclevercues.Theyareburnedinbyemotionandstrengthenedbystrongyearnings,liketheyearningsforadmirationandrighteousness.Ifyouthinkyoucanchangeyourlifeinacleverway,thewayanadvertisercangetyoutobuyanairfreshener,you’reprobablywrong.AstheVictoriansunderstood,ifyouwanttochangeyourlife,don’tjustlookforaclevercue.Committosomelargerglobalbelief.56.Whichofthefollowingisthefirst-to-noneelementinthe19th-centurycharactermodel?A.Action.B.Capacity.C.Resolution. D.Enthusiasm.57.TheresearchatDukeA.One’sbehavioristoughtochange.B.Habithasanunidentifiedstructure.C.Habitplaysavitalroleinone'sbehavior.D.Bothhabitandwillpowerareofsignificance.58.Accordingtothenewcharactermodel,personalbehaviorcouldbealteredthroughA.techniquestobreakoldroutines.B.techniquestoprovidedifferentphysicalcues.C.cuestochangealltheformerunconscioushabits.D.cuestomanipulatethehabitualneuralresponses.B1234PENS

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toreachouttocustomers,butdon’twanttocausemoredamagetotheenvironment?1234PENSnowofferseco-friendlyadvertisingpenstosuitanycompany’spromotionalneeds.1234PENScanconfidentlyofferproductswhicharemadefromeco-friendlymaterials,includingpaper,cardboard,cornstarch,pine,bambooandevenrecycledplasticwaterbottles.1234PENSoffersaselectionofeco-friendlyretractableandstick-typeballpointpens,mechanicalpencilsandhighlighters,allforlessthan$2.00each.Imprintingoflogosandcorporateinformationisavailableinsixteendifferentcolors.Eachpenhastheuniversalrecyclingsymbolprintedonit,showingclientsthecompany’scommitmenttotheenvironment. Feelfreetocallusat8447367oremailusinfo@1234PENSifyouhaveanyquestions.59.Whatdoweknowabout1234PENS? A.Ithasahistoryofover30years. B.Ithasbuiltupalargepenmarket. C.Ithasitsnameprintedoneachpen. D.Itchargesalowpriceforextraservice.60.WhatismainlydiscussedinParagraph3? A.Thedifferenttypesoftheproducts. B.Thehighqualityoftheproducts. C.Thequickserviceof1234PENS.D.Thetradeshowsof1234PENS.61.Whatisspecialaboutthepensproducedin1234PENS? A.Theyaredesignedin16styles. B.Theycomein48differentcolours. C.Theirmaterialislessharmfultotheearth. D.Theirpriceismuchlowerinthepenmarket.62.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto_____. A.persuadepeopletoordertheproducts B.explaintheprocessofmakinglogopens C.showpeoplehowtochoosedifferentpens D.introducethedifferentservicesof1234PENSCTheextraordinaryEastgateBuildinginHarare,Zimbabwe’scapitalcity,issaidtobetheonlyoneintheworldtousethesamecoolingandheatingprinciplesasthetermitemound(白蚁堆). ArchitectMickPearceusedpreciselythesamestrategywhendesigningtheEastgate Thecomplexisactuallytwobuildingslinkedbybridgesacrossashady,glass-roofedatrium(天井)opentotheair.Fanssuckfreshairinfromtheatrium,blowitupstairsthroughhollowspacesunderthefloorsandfromthereintoeachofficethroughbaseboardvents(通风口).Asitrisesandwarms,itisdrawnoutviaceilingventsandfinallyexiststhroughforty-eightbrickchimneys. Duringsummer’scoolnights,bigfansblowairthroughthebuildingseventimesanhourtocooltheemptyfloors.Byday,smallerfansblowtwochangesofairanhourthroughthebuilding,tocirculatetheairwhichhasbeenincontactwiththecoolfloors.Forwinterdays,therearesmallheatersinthevents. ThisisallpossibleonlybecauseHarareis1600feetabovesealevel,hascloudlessskies,littledampnessandrapidtemperatureswings—daysaswarmas31℃commonlydropto14℃atnight.“Youcouldn’tdothisin TheengineeringfirmofOveArup&Partnersmonitorsdailytemperatures.Itisfoundthatthetemperatureofthebuildinghasgenerallystayedbetween23℃and2563.WhywasEastgatecheapertobebuiltthanaconventionalbuilding? A.Itwasdesignedinasmallersize. B.Noairconditionerswerefixedin. C.Itsheatingsystemwaslessadvanced. D.Itusedratherdifferentbuildingmaterials.64.Whatdoes“it”refertoinParagraph3? A.Freshairfromoutside. B.Heatinthebuilding. C.Hollowspace. D.Baseboardvent.65.WhywouldabuildinglikeEastgateNotworkefficientlyinNewYork? A.NewYorkhaslessclearskiesasHarare. B.Itsdampnessaffectsthecirculationofair. C.NewYorkcoversalargerareathanHarare. D.Itstemperaturechangesseasonallyratherthandaily.66.ThedatainthelastparagraphsuggestsEastgate’stemperaturecontrolsystem_____. A.allowsawiderangeoftemperatures B.functionswellformostoftheyear C.canrecycleupto30%oftheair D.worksbetterinhotseasonsDIsthe‘GotoCollege’MessageOverdone? Eveninaweakjobmarket,theoldcollegetryisn’ttheanswerforeveryone.AbriefingpaperfromtheBrookingsInstitutionwarnsthat“wemayhaveoverdonethemessage”oncollege,seniorfellowIsabelSawhillsaid. “We’vebeentellingstudentsandtheirfamiliesforyearsthatcollegeistheonlywaytosucceedintheeconomyandofcoursethere’salotoftruthtothat,”Ms.Sawhillsaid.“Onaverageitdoespayoff…Butifyouloaduponawholelotofstudentdebtandthenyoudon’tgraduate,thatisaverybadsituation.” Onecommentthatpeopleoftenrepeatamongtheyearsofslowjobgrowthhasbeenthevalueofeducationforlandingajobandadvancinginacareer.April’snationalunemploymentratestoodat7.5%,accordingtotheLaborDepartment.Theunemploymentrateforhigh-schoolgraduatesover25yearsoldwhohadn’tattendedcollegewas7.4%,comparedwith3.9%forthosewithabachelor’sdegreeormoreeducation.Thedifferenceisevenbiggeramongthoseaged16-24.Thejoblessrateforthosewithonlyahighschooldiplomainthatagegroupisabout20%.Atthesametime,recentresearchbyCanadianeconomistscautionsthatacollegedegreeisnoguaranteeofpromisingemployment. Ms.Sawhillpointedoutthatamongtheaspectsthataffectthevalueofacollegeeducationisthefieldofone’smajor:Studentsinengineeringorothersciencesendupearningmorethanoneswhomajorintheartsoreducation.Thecostoftuitionandtheavailabilityoffinancialaidareotherconsiderations,withpublicinstitutionsgenerallyabetterfinancialbargainthanprivateones. Shesuggestedtwoavenuesforimprovingthesituation:increasingvocational(职业的)-technicaltrainingprogramsandtakingapagefromEurope’sfocusonearlyeducationratherthanpost-secondarylearning.“TheEuropeancountriesputalittlemoreattentiontogettingpeoplepreparedintheprimarygrades,”shesaid.“Thentheyhaveahigherbarforwhoevergoestocollege—butonceyougetintocollege,you’remorelikelytobehighlysubsidized(资助).” Shealsoisasupporteroftechnicaltraining—toteachstudentshowtobeplumbers,weldersandcomputerprogrammers—because“employersaredesperate”forworkerswiththeseskills.67.Peopleusuallythinkthat_____. A.thecostoftechnicalschoolingisaproblem B.onewillnotsucceedwithoutacollegedegree C.technicalskillsaremostimportantforlandingajob D.thereisanincreasedcompetitioningettingintoacollege68.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“takingapagefrom”mean? A.Hearingfrom. B.Changingfrom. C.Differingfrom. D.Learningfrom.69.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage? A.Publicinstitutionschargemoreforeducation. B.Europeanuniversitiesarestricterwithstudents. C.Studentswithcertainskillsareingreatdemand. D.Canadianstudentsprefertomajorinengineering.70.Ms.Sawhillmayprobablyagreethat_____. A.toomuchstresshasbeenputonthevalueofcollegedegrees B.technicaltrainingismoreimportantthancollegeeducation C.acollegedegreewillensurepromisingemployment D.it’seasierforartstudentstofindfavoritejobs第四部分：任务型阅读(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) Imaginelivinginacountrytornbywar.Ormaybeyouliveinaplacewheretherearefewjobsandlittlechancetoearnaliving.Yourfamilydecidestomove—nottoanothertown,buttoanothercountry.Youandyourfamilyhavebecomeimmigrants.Peoplearecalledimmigrantswhentheymovetoaforeigncountrytomaketheirhomes. Peoplebecomeimmigrantsformanyreasons.Themostcommononeiseconomicopportunities.Mostimmigrantsareattractedtoothercountriesbythepromiseofjobs,farmland,orbusinessopportunities. Otherpeoplebecomeimmigrantsinordertogetawayfrommistreatmentornaturaldisasters.Theyarerefugees.Somerefugeesmovetoavoidwarsandpoliticalunrest.Othersareseekingfreedomtoexpresstheirreligiousviews.Stillothersareuprootedbydisasters,suchasterriblefloodingordrought. Somepeoplehavebecomeimmigrantsagainsttheirwill.CapturedinAfrica,shippedtoforeignlandsandforcedtoworkasslaves,manyearlyAfricanimmigrantstoNorthandSouthAmericacameinchains. ExceptforNativeAmericans,allpeoplecametotheUnitedStatesfromsomeplaceelse.Fornearly500years,immigrantshavelandedonAmerica’sshoresseekingabetterlife.ThroughoutAmericanhistory,immigrantsoftenworkedlow-paying,dangerousjobsthatotherpeoplerefusedtodo. ImmigrantsfromaroundtheworldhelpedshapeAmericanlife.ManyimmigrantsabsorbedthecustomsandlanguagecommontomostAmericans.Theyalsobroughttheirowntraditions,includingmusicandfoods.Overtime,manyofthesetraditionshavebecomepartofAmericanlife. ThefirstEuropeanimmigrantstoAmericahopedtocolonizenewlands.Bythemid-1500s,SpaniardshadventuredintoFlorida,California,andtheAmericanSouthwest.Frenchimmigrantsarrivedintheearly1600sandbuilttheirfirstcolonyinCanada.TheEnglishalsoarrivedintheearly1600s.Theyestablished13coloniesalongAmerica’sAtlantic Inthe1700s,EnglandbecamethemajorpowerincolonialNorthAmerica.ButmanyEuropeanimmigrantscametoliveintheEnglishcolonies.TheyincludedpeoplefromSweden,Holland,Germany,Scotland,andIreland. ImmigrantsstillcometotheUnitedStatesseekingfreedomandeconomicopportunities.MostnewimmigrantsnolongercomefromEurope.TheycomemainlyfromCentralandSouthAmerica,theCaribbean,andAsia. Today,theU.S.governmentlimitsthenumberofimmigrantsintothecountryeachyear.PeoplewhosneakillegallyintotheUnitedStatesarecalledillegalimmigrants,who,ifcaught,wouldbesentbacktotheirhomecountries.KeyPointsDetailedInformation(71)▲Immigrantsarethosewhomovetoaforeigncountrytomaketheirhomes.ReasonsMostpeoplecomefor(72)▲opportunities,suchasgoodjobs,farmlands,orbusinessopportunities.SomemovetotheUSto(73)▲awayfromwarsordisasters.Somepeopleimmigrateto(74)▲forreligiousfreedom.Somepeoplehavebecomeimmigrants(75)▲,likemanyearlyAfricanimmigrants.HistoryFrenchimmigrants(76)▲Canadaintheearly1600sandbuilttheirfirstcolonythere.TheEnglishalsocametotheearly1600sand(77)▲thirteencoloniesalongAmerica’sAtlanticInthe1700s,EuropeanimmigrantscametoliveintheEnglishcolonies,peoplefromSweden,Hollandandetc.are(78)▲.Today(79)▲fromthepast,theoriginsofmostnewimmigrantsaremainlyCentralandSouthAmerica,theCaribbean,andAsia,insteadofEurope.TheUSgovernmenterectsdamsto(80)▲thenumberofimmigrantsintothecountryeachyearincheck.Illegalimmigrants,ifcaught,wouldbesentbacktotheirhomecountries.阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。Asweallknow,the“(passenger)transportduringtheSpringFestivalperiod”hasbeenahotphraseallthroughtheChinaland.Thevolumeofpassengertraffic(客运量)reachesitsclimaxbeforeandaftertheSpringFestival.Especially,thenumberofthosewhodecidetogobacktotheirhometownbytrainisincreasingrapidly,soitpromotestheshortoftheticketsofpassengertrain.Luckily,theMinistryofRailways(铁道部)hascomeupwithsolutions.Forinstance,itarrangesextratrainsduringthepeaktimeforpassengertransportaswellasopens24-hourticketsaleswindowsforpassengersinordertoeasethetrafficpressure.Moreover,ithelpstodelivertrainticketstothedoorsteps,providingconvenienceforpassengers.Onethingthathastobementionedthisyearisaboutstartofsellingticketson-linethisyear.Foronething,ittosomedegreeshortensthetimeofpurchasingtickets.However,mostofthepassengersaremigrant