山西省临汾市实验高级中学2022年高二英语上学期期末试卷含解析

山西省临汾市实验高级中学2022年高二英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.I’msurethisdrugwillgiveyoufastandeffective_______andyouwillfeelbettersoon.

A.recovery

B.relief

C.survivalD.relaxation参考答案：B2.______alotofpeoplecometoAlaskaforvocationeverysummer,onlyfewhavedecidedtostayforever.A.Because

B.If

C.One

Dwhile参考答案：D考查让步状语从句。尽管每年夏天有很多人到阿拉斯加度假，但是仅有很少的人决定永远在那。根据句意前后形成转折，故用D。3.______sogood,theseasonalflowersblossomingprovidesgreatenjoymentandpleasuretoeveryoneoncampus.A.Smelt

B.Tosmell

C.Smelling

D.Smell参考答案：C4.

tohergrowingbusiness,Maryhaslittletimetotakecareofherfamily.

A.Devoting

B.Todevote

C.Devoted

D.Havingdevoted参考答案：C5.

Theoryshouldbynomeansbeseparatedfrompractice.________，it’simportanttocombinetheorywithpractice.

A．Asaresult

B．Bytheway

C．Tobehonest

D．Inotherwords参考答案：D略6.Don'tturnadeafcartotheadvicewhichwillmakea___toyourfuture.A.mess

B.different C.fuss D.remark参考答案：B7.You’dbetternotphonemebetweentwoandsixo’clockthisafternoon;I___aspeechthen.

A.willgive

B.willhavebeengiving

C.willbegiving

D.willhavegiven参考答案：C8.IwonderifyourstudentswillgototheNewYear’sparty.Ifyourstudents_____,so_____mine.A.do,will

B.will,do

C.will,will

D.do,do参考答案：A9._______confidenceandpatience,theyfailedtosettlethedifficultproblem.A.Lackin

B.Lackingof

C.Lacking

D.Havinglacked参考答案：C【考点】考察分词做状语本句中的动词lack与句子主语they之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，故使用现在分词lacking在句中做状语。句义：因为确实耐心和信心，他们没有能够解决那个困难的问题。故C正确。【举一反三】 theirhatsintotheair,

thefansofthewinningteamletoutloudshoutsofvictory.A.Tothrow B.Thrown C.Throwing D.Beingthrown〖答案〗C〖考点〗考查非谓语动词。〖解析〗throw与句子主语thefans之间为主谓关系,故用现在分词作状语。A项表示动作还未发生；B、D两项表示被动,均不符合句意。10.China_______rapidprogressinspacetechnologyinthelast10years.A.made

B.hasmade

C.hadmade

D.weremaking参考答案：B11.I________anoldfriendinthestreettheotherdaywhosechangessurprisedmealot.A.cameout

B.camedown

C.cameround

D.cameacross参考答案：D12.Hehasbeenadvisedtohaveasetofexercisesto

hislegmuscles.

A.preserve

B.strengthen

C.manage

D.connect参考答案：b略13.Honey,let’sgooutfordinner.

Idon’thavetocook.A.Forgetit

B.That’sgreat

C.Why?

D.Goahead.参考答案：B14.Areyoustillangrywithme?I’amatolerateman,butyourbehaviorsare__________Icanbear.A.lessthan

B.morethan

C.nomorethan

D.notmorethan参考答案：B15.Youcannotimaginethatawell—behavedgentleman________besorudetoalady.A.might

B.need

C.should

D.would参考答案：C25.—What’swrongwithyouyesterday?—WhenIwasplayingfootball,mystrength___________andIfelldown.

A.gaveup

B.gaveoff

C.gaveout

D.gavein参考答案：C略17.Studentssoonget_____ifyoucriticizethemtoooften.A.discouraging

B.encouragingC.discouraged

D.encouraged参考答案：C18.Haveyouseenmynotebook?Notebook?What’sitlike?Ithas_____yellowcoverandthefirstfewpagesof_____bookaretorn.A.the;the

B.a;a

C.a;the

D.the;a参考答案：C二、短文改错42.Gabriellaworksatauniversityasaadviser.Studentscancomeorseeherwithmanyaproblemwhentheyneedhelp.Alotofthestudentsareworryingabouttheirstudiesandexams.Somewanttohelpwiththeproblemconnectedwithrentingflats.Thebiggestproblem,although,isloneliness.Collegesareexcitingplacesbutstudentsfindithardlytomakefriends.Theymisstheirfamilyandfeellostonthenewenvironment.Theywereupset.Gabriella’sjobistolistenandtrytounderstandwhattheyareanxious.Butofcourseshealsogivespracticaladvicewhenitisneededontheirquestions.

参考答案：42.【答案】aadviser→anorsee→andworrying→worried

wantto去掉to

although→thoughhardly→hard

onthe→in

Theywere→areanxious后加aboutquestions→problems三、阅读理解20.Duringthedarkestdaysofthedrought（干早）thathitthewesternUSsincetheearly2000s，riverswentdryfromnorthtosouth.Consequently，lowriverflowsseverelyreducedtheamountofcarbon-freeelectricitythatcouldbeproducedbythethousandsofhydroelectricpowerplants（水力发电厂）alongriversacrosstheWest.Now，agroupofresearchershavefiguredoutthatanextra100milliontonsofcarbonendedupintheatmospherebecausepeoplehadtousecarbon-emitting（碳排放）powersourcesinsteadofhydroelectricpowerduringdrought.That’sequaltoaddingabout1.4millioncarstoroadforeveryoneofthoseyears.“That’sabigpieceofthepic，”saysNothDiffenbaughaclimatescientistatStanfordandoneoftheauthorsofthestudy.Innormalyearsover20%oftheelecticitycomesfromhydroelectricpowerplants.Butthatnumberfluctuateswiththeebb（退潮）andflowofwater.Andwhenwaterisnotenough.theamountofhydroelectricpowerdecreases.StateslikeCalifomia.Washirgton,andOrgonthatrelyonhydroelecticpowerduringwater-richyearswerethehardesthit.InCaliformia,forexample,theextracarbondioxideemittedbecauseofthedroughtaddeduptoover7%ofitstotalcarbonemissions.That’snotaminorproblem.Manyofthewesternstateshavemadeplansforhowtoreducetheiremissionsoverthenextfewdecades.Califormia,forexample,istryingtogetitsemissionsdownto80%below1990levelsby2050.Butdroughtmakesithardertomeettheemissionsreductiongoals.Whilethecarboncostofdroughtislarge,Diffenbaughpointsout,withthisstudyandalotofothersfromthepastfewyears,we’velearnedmoreandmoreaboutwhenandwhycarbon-freeenergy

sourcesfacechallenge.Armedwiththisinformation,hesays,energymanagerscanfigureouthowtofillthegapsinenergydemandwithmorerenewableresources.12.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Thehighconsumptionofenergy.B.Largenumberofcarsontheroad.C.Theincreaseddemandforpowersources.D.Thelargecarbonemissionduetodrought.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fluctuates”inparagraph3mean?A.Appearsnaturally.B.Changesirregularly.C.Becomesstable.D.Increasesgreatly.14.WhatcanweknowaboutCaliforniaaccordingtothetext?A.Itscarbonemissionisveryheavy.B.Itisawater-richstateallyearround.C.Itheavilydependsonrenewableenergy.D.Ithasachieveditsemissionreductiongoal.15.WhatdoesNoahDiffenbaughthinkofclimatecost?A.Itisnotthatserious.B.Itisexpectedtobesolved.C.Itisaglobalcommonproblem.D.Ithasbeensolvedinsomeareas.参考答案：12.D

13.B

14.A

15.B【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。干旱造成的大量碳排放。研究表明尽管干旱造成的碳成本很高，但通过这项研究以及过去几年的其他许多研究，我们越来越多地了解到，无碳能源何时以及为何面临挑战。有了这些信息，能源管理者就能想出如何用更多的可再生资源来填补能源需求的缺口。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中agroupofresearchershavefiguredoutthatanextra100milliontonsofcarbonendedupintheatmospherebecausepeoplehadtousecarbon-emitting（碳排放）powersourcesinsteadofhydroelectricpowerduringdrought.“一组研究人员发现，由于干旱期间人们不得不使用碳排放能源而不是水力发电，大气中最终多排放了1亿吨碳。”可知，干旱造成的大量碳排放。故选D。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中whenwaterisnotenough.theamountofhydroelectricpowerdecreases.“当水不够的时候，水力发电的数量减少。”可知，Butthatnumberfluctuateswiththeebb（退潮）andflowofwater.“但这个数字会随着水位的涨落而波动。”由此推知划线词的意思是“不规则的变化。”故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中Califormia,forexample,istryingtogetitsemissionsdownto80%below1990levelsby2050.Butdroughtmakesithardertomeettheemissionsreductiongoals.“例如，加州正试图在2050年前将其排放量降低到1990年水平的80%。但是干旱使得实现减排目标变得更加困难。”可知，加利福尼亚的的碳排放量非常大。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Armedwiththisinformation,hesays,energymanagerscanfigureouthowtofillthegapsinenergydemandwithmorerenewableresources.“他说，有了这些信息，能源管理者就能想出如何用更多的可再生资源来填补能源需求的缺口。”可知，NoahDiffenbaugh认为气候变化的代价是这个问题有望得到解决。故选B。【点睛】做词义猜测题时，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境想当然。在句子或段落中，我们可以利用熟悉的词语，根据语言环境所表示的关系推断生词词义，尤其重视划线词两边的内容。本题第2小题，根据第三段中whenwaterisnotenough.theamountofhydroelectricpowerdecreases.“当水不够的时候，水力发电的数量减少。”可知，Butthatnumberfluctuateswiththeebb（退潮）andflowofwater.“但这个数字会随着水位的涨落而波动。”由此推知划线词的意思是“不规则的变化。”故选B。21.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Let'sfaceit．Noonedrinksdietsodaforthetaste．Peopledrinkdietsodainthehopethatitwillhelpthemloseweightoratleastkeepthemfromgainingit．Yetitseemstohaveexactlytheoppositeeffect,accordingtoanewstudy．ResearchersfromtheUniversityofTexassaidthosewhodranktwoormoredietsodasadayhadwaistsizeincreasesthatweresixtimesgreaterthanthosewhodidn'tdrinkdietsoda．"Whatwesawwasthatthemoredietsodasapersondrank,themoreweighttheywerelikelytogain,"saidSharonFowler．Thestudywasbasedondatafrom474participantsinalarge,ongoingresearchproject,wheretheparticipantswerefollowedfornearlyl0years．

Whilethefindingsaresurprising,theyalsooffersomeexplanations．Nutritionexpert,MelanieRogers,whoworkswithoverweightpatientsinNewYork,hasfoundthatwhenpatientsareswitchedfromregulartodietsoda,theydon'tloseweightatall．"Weweren'tseeingweightlossnecessarily,andthatwasconfusingtous,"saidRogers．Sowhywoulddietsodacauseweightgain?Nooneknowsforsureyet,butitcouldbethatpeoplethinktheycaneatmoreiftheydrinkdietsoda,andsoover-compensateforthemissingcalories．Arelatedstudyfoundsomesweeteners（甜味剂）raisedbloodsugarlevelsinsomemice．"Datafromthisandotherpotentialstudiessuggestthatthepromotionofdiet