五大基本句型讲义与练习 人教版七年级英语上册

Happytolearn,luckytoshare.人教版七年级英语上册-五大基本句型 1.主系表句型一：Ｓ+V-link+Ｐ(主语+系动词+表语)S主语(subject)V

系动词(linkverb)P表语(predicative)其他1.This2.Mybrother3.She

4.He5.Themeat

is

was

is

willbesmells

an

Englishbook.16

years

old.notin

the

roombusy.badlastyear.now.tomorrow.系动词：这种动词起到连接主语和表语的作用。表语：用来说明主语的特点，表明主语的状态、特征的。通常由名词、形容词、介词短语等作表语。am(was)be动词is(was)are(were)看起来look听起来sound系动词感官动词闻起来smell尝起来taste摸起来feel保持continueremainstaykeepholdrest其他系动词转变becomegrowgetturnfallgocome【Exercise1】划分成分：主语“”，系动词“”，表语“”1.Theideasoundsgreat. 2.ThisbookisaboutSpaceTravel.3.Wherewearegoingisnotsure. 4.Thepenintheboxisveryexpensive.【Exercise2】翻译句子。1.这首歌听起来很放松。Thissong____________very___________________.2.你的新裙子看起来很美，而且摸起来很柔软。Yournewdress_________________and__________________.3.秋天到了，天气渐冷，大多数树叶都变黄了。Nowit’sautumn,theweatherbeginsto___________________.Mostoftheleaves_________________.4.Nowmoreandmorepeopleruninthemorningto______________________.现在越来越多人跑步来保持健康。人教版七年级英语上册-五大基本句型2.主谓句型二：Ｓ（主语）+Vi（谓语）S主语(Subject)Vi

谓语(Verb)其他1.Somechildren2.I3.He4.MrLi5.Mymotheraresingingcouldswimsmiles.

worksgetsupnow.attheageof6.hardinafactory.early.Vi：不及物动词

（1）动词能表达完整的意思，动词后不可以直接接宾语

（2）后面可以跟副词、介词短语、时间、地点等。常见的动词如：work,sing,swim,jump,come,smile,work,cry等。【Exercise1】划分成分。1.Theytalkedforaboutanhour.2.Hesitsdownonthesofa,andplayswithhislittleson.3.TheTVdoesn’twork.Tomfeelsunhappy.4.Thekangarooisjumping.5.Heisgoingtoswimintheswimmingpooltomorrow.人教版七年级英语上册-五大基本句型 3.主谓宾句型三：Ｓ（主语）+Vt（谓语）+O（宾语）S主语(subject)V

t谓语(verb)O宾语(object)1.Who2.Canadians3.Mymother4.I5.Heknowsspeakismakinglikewantstheanswers?EnglishandFrench.ricedumplings.takingphotos.tobeateacher.Vt：及物动词（1）具有实义，但这种动词不能表达完整的意思，动词一定要接宾语才能表达完整的意思。O：宾语（1）是动作的对象，即是动作的承受者。（2）其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。【Exercise1】划分成分。1.Theymadeasnowman.2.MrLiislookingforhisglasses.3.Butthemonkeycan’tfindwherethebananasare.4.Mysisterlikeswatchingcartoon.5.Sheoftenplaythepianowithherfriend.6.Ithinkthesnowmanishungry.人教版七年级英语上册-五大基本句型 4.主谓间宾直宾句型四：Ｓ（主语）+V（谓语）+O（间接宾语）+O（直接宾语）S主语

V

谓语O间接宾语（多指人）O直接宾语（多指物）1.He2.Mike3.Mymother4.Thedoctor5.Thepoliceman

sends

showedboughtgivestellsmehisfriendshimDavidmeapostcard.hisnewbike.somegiftssomemedicine.thewaytothehospital.1.V双宾动词：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。2.O直接宾语：是动作作用的对象，是动作的承受者。一般由物体充当。3.O间接宾语：间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语，去掉之后，对整个句子的影响不大，多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。4.这种句型还可转换为其他两种句型：1)动词＋宾语＋forsb.例如(=)2)动词＋宾语＋tosb.例如(=)【Exercise1】选择题。（）1.MissGao.Sheteaches__________Englishverywell.A.our B.us C.ours D.we()2.Myparentsgave_______anicetoydogformybirthday.A.IBmeC.myDmine()3.Hismotheroftenbuys______.A.hissomesportsthingsB.himsomesportsthingC.somesportsthingstohimD.somesportsthingsforhis()4.Iwanttolookupsomenewwordsatonce.Canyou________?A.passthedictionaryformeB.passmythedictionaryC.passthedictionarytomeD.passedmethedictionary【Exercise2】同义句转换。1.Pleaseshowmeyourpicture.=Pleaseshowyourpicture_________________.2.I’llbuyyouanewcomputerasyourbirthdaygift.I’llbuyanewcomputer____________________asyourbirthdaygift.Don’tforgettosendmesomepostcards.Don’tforgettosentsomepostcards___________________.人教版七年级英语上册-五大基本句型 5.主谓宾宾补 句型五：Ｓ（主语）+V（谓语）+O（宾语）+C（宾语补足语）S主语V

谓语O宾语C宾语补足语1.We2.People3.Theworkers4.Thenurse5.We6.MissWhite

keep

callpaintmadefindtells/askstheclassroomChineseNewYearthewallthemanhimusclean.SpringFestival.green.sitonthechair.acleverboy.tostudyhard.1.C宾语补足语：（1）宾语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份等；或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。（2）担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。常见的动词有:tell,ask,make,help,want,wouldlike,find,keep,call等。2.宾语和宾语补足语的语义关系：类似于主系表的结构。在宾语后面添加一个be动词，能够构成一个逻辑语义通顺的句子。而间接宾语和直接宾语之间没有这个的语义关系。3.翻译下列的句子，写出句子的结构。HemakesJakeagoodbasketballplayer.()HemakesJakeagoodbreakfast.()【Exercise1】选择题。()1.Ihadabadcold.Thedoctoraskedme_____inbed.A.stayingBtostayC.stayedD.stays()2.--Whatmakesyoursister_______sohappy?--Mymotherhasjustboughtaskirtforher.A.feelsB.feelingC.feelD.tofeel()3.They_____thelittlecat______theanimalcenter(宠物中心)twodaysago.A.took;toB.take;toC.willtake;forD.isgoingtotake;for()4.Jennyalwayskeepsherbrother_________AwaitBtowaitCwaitingDwaited【Exercise2】按照要求完成句子。请让孩子们安静下来。Please___________thechildren_________________.Th