2021深圳一模英语试题及答案

深圳市高三英语试卷共10页，满分120分，折算成130分计入总分。考试用时120分钟。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheTanzaniaConferenceTheTanzaniaConferencewillbeheldinordertocreatedirectcommunicationbetweentheconservation（保护）workers.ItissponsoredbytheRuffordSmallGrants（RSG）,agroupthatfundsnatureconservationprojectsacrossthedevelopingworld.Thisconference,chairedbyHudsonLaizer,willbring49peoplefrom7countries.TworoundsofExperienceSharingPresentationswillbeheld,eachconsistingof4speeches.FeaturePresentations:LucasKwiyega,TanzaniaHispresentationwillfocusonhissecondRSGprojectoftakingnewmeasurestopreventillegalkillingoflionsinWesternTanzania.TutiloMudumba,UgandaHewilltalkabouthowheusestheRSGtocollectanimaltrapsandmakesthesewiresintomarketablegoods.DanielNiyonsaba,RwandaHewillsharehisthirdRSGresearchprojectfindingswhichfocusonwhytheelephantsaredyingoutinNationalParkofRwanda.EvarastusObura,KenyaHewillpresenthisprojectentitled“Understandingthedeclineofthreatenedantelopes:usingbarcoding（条形码）tomeasuretheimpactofdamagedwetland”.Whatistheaimoftheconference?Toraisemoney.Tosetupaproject.Toconnectconservationists.Tolookforconservationists.Howmanypresentationswillbeheld?8.B.4.C.49.D.7.Whowilltalkaboutthecausesoftheelephant'sextinction?Mr.Kwiyega.B.Mr.Mudumba.C.Mr.Niyonsaba.D.Mr.Obura.BMr.ParishhadoriginallyintendedtojointheRoyalNavybutendedupasateacheratourschool.Somepupilsguessedthathestillfeltthecalloftheocean—perhapsbecausehislessonswerealmostentirelydevotedtonavigation（航海）.Theyarguedthatitwasdeeplyunfairtolearnaboutnavigationbutneveractuallygotosea.ThenMr.Parish,seeingabunchofyoungpeoplepreparedtocrewtheboat,allowedthemtosailherinreturnforworkingontheboat,Andthatwasthebeginningoftheschoolsailingclub.AndIdidlearntheropesonthatschooltrip.Ilearnedhowtooperateashipinthehighwaves.Ilearnedthemeaningofteamworkandbecameabetterteamplayer.Ialsolearnedthatthebestfishistheonethatyouhavecaughtandcookedyourselffromaboatthatyouhaverebuiltandsailedyourself.WhatwasunusualabouttheboatJolieBri?seItwasinaperfectcondition.ItslawfulownerwasMr.Parish.ItwongloryfortheRoyalNavy.Itslocationwasn'tasfamousasitwas.Whywasthesailingclubsetup?Thecrewwereselected.Theboatneededworkers.Mr.Parishtriedtoexplorethesea.Studentsaskedtopracticenavigation.Whatfinallymadetheschoolsailingtrippossible?Theclub'spermission.Mr.Parish'ssailingexperience.Thestudents'preparingtheshipforit.Theschool'sofferingfinancialsupport.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“learntheropes”inparagraph4mean?Learntocook.B.Masterusefulskills.C.Ensuresailingsafety.D.Useropesproperly.B.Masterusefulskills.C.Ensuresailingsafety.D.Useropesproperly.Realfinancialsecurityandfreedomisnotinourjobbutinourpassion.It'seasytodefineandevaluateamanbyhispursuit.JosephCampbelloncesaid,“Followyourdreamandtheuniversewillopendoorswherethereareonlywalls.”Inlife,we'llalwaysbefounddoinganyofthesetwothings:eithermakingalivingormakingadifference.Pensions(养老金)andsalariesstopmanyfrompursuingexcellencewhilepassionunlockshiddenpotentialsthatequipusforchallengesandopportunities.Ajobhelpsusmakealivingwhilepassionenablesustomakeadifference.Iwanttosincerelyhelptoadjustandclarifythemisguidedbeliefamongworkersthatajobisameansoflivelihood.Rather,itshouldbeameanstofuelourpassion.Theearlieryourealizethisbasictruthoflife,themoreclearlyyou'llbeabletopositionyourselfinlivingalifeofimpactandvalue.ThesuccessofKentuckyFriedChicken(KFC)showshowmeaningfulitistopursueyourpassioninsteadofyourpension.Itsfounder,ColonelHarlandSanders,didn'trealizethisuntilhewasgivenhisfirstsocialsecuritycheckof105dollars.Buthedecidedthattheresurelywassomethingtodoforhimselfandotherpeopleinsteadoflivingonthatsmallpension.Hewasdeterminedtoengagehimselfinwhatbroughthimimpactandvalue.Drawinginspirationfromhismother'sspecialrecipeforfriedchicken,heinvented“finger-licking”seasoningwithelevenspicesandherbs.Despitemuchrejection,hemanagedtoroundupsomeinvestorsandpromotecompany'srapidexpansiontomorethan6,000locations.Sanders'lifepointedtowardstwofactsaboutmakingadifference:one,thereisnoagethatistoooldtomakeadifference;two,thereisnothingtoosmallorinsignificanttomakeadifferencewith,aslongasitisyourpassion.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisargumentinparagraph2?Bylistingexamples.Byshowingcontrast.Byincludingaquote.Bysharinghisexperience.HowdidSandersprobablyfeelwhenofferedhisfirstsocialsecuritycheck?Deeplymoved.B.Pleasantlysurprised.C.Greatlyrelieved.D.Internallymotivated.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedo?Pursueourpassion.Getawell-paidjob.Secureourposition.Getcareerguidance.Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?PassionorPension?FollowingYourDreamsWorkingforPensionToWorkornottoWork?DInastudypublishedinNatureMachineIntelligernecsea,rchersatOhioStateUniversityshowhowartificialintelligence(AI)canfollowclinicaltrialstoidentifydrugsforrepurposing,asolutionthatcanhelpadvanceinnovativetreatments.Repurposingdrugsislegalandnotunusual.Whendoctorsprescribe(开处方)drugsthathavebeenapprovedbytheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)forpurposesdifferentfromwhatisprintedonthelabels,thedrugsarebeingused“off-label.”JustbecauseadrugisFDA-approvedforaspecifictypeofdiseasedoesnotpreventitfromhavingpossiblebenefitsforotherpurposes.Forexample,Metformin,adrugthatisFDA-approvedfortreatingtype2diabetes,isalsousedtotreatPCOS(adiseaseofwomen),andotherdiseases.Trazodone,ananti-depressantwithFDA-approvaltotreatdepression,isalsoprescribedbydoctorstohelptreatpatientswithsleepissues.TheOhioStateUniversityresearchteamcreatedanAIdeeplearningmodelforpredictingtreatmentprobabilitywithpatientdataincludingthetreatment,outcomes,andpotentialconfounders(干扰因素).Confoundersarerelatedtotheexposureandoutcome.Forexample,aconnectionisidentifiedbetweenmusicfestivalsandincreasesinskinrashes(红疹).Musicfestivalsdonotdirectlycauseskinrashes.Inthiscase,onepossibleconfoundingfactorbetweenthetwomaybeoutdoorheat,asmusicfestivalstendtorunoutdoorswhenthetemperatureishigh,andheatisaknowncauseforrashes.Whenworkingwithreal-worlddata,confounderscouldnumberinthethousands.AIdeeplearningiswell-suitedtofindpatternsinthecomplexityofpotentiallythousandsofconfounders.Theresearcherteamusedconfoundersincludingpopulationdataandco-prescribeddrugs.Withthisproof-of-concept,nowclinicianshaveapowerfulAItooltorapidlydiscovernewtreatmentsbyrepurposingexistingmedications.Whatdoweknowaboutadrugusedoff-label?Itissoldwithoutalabel.Itisavailableatalowprice.Itsusesextendbeyondtheoriginalones.Itsclinicaltrialsarerejectedbydoctors.MetforminandTrazodonearesimilarasbothofthemA.areusedoff-labeltreatrarediseasesresultinsleepissuesaremedicalbreakthroughsWhatcanbeinferredabout“confounders”?A.Theyarepossibletreatments.Theyareenvironmentalfactors.Theycanbeeasilyrecognizedinreal-worlddata.Theyshouldbetakenintoseriousconsideration.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.AIexaminesbenefitsofexistingdrugs.AIidentifiesoff-labelusesfordrugs.AIfindsnewdrugsforcommondiseases.D.AIprovesthepowerofdrugresearch.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhenIdecidedtoleavemyhomecountrytopursueadegreeinCanada,Ihadn'texpectedthatcommunicationwouldbeanissue.16ItookEnglishlessonsinmyteensandscoredwellonEnglishtests.19IdecidedtoremindthemthatEnglishisnotmyfirstlanguage.Iaskedthemtospeakmoreslowlytohelpmefollowthediscussions.Itwasalittleawkwardtodrawattentiontowhatmightbeseenasaweakness.Andatfirst,theothermembersoftheresearchteamseemedslightlysurprised.Butthedynamicsquicklyimproved.Theyseemedtobecomemoreawareofhowtheywerespeaking,andIfeltmorecomfortablejoiningintheconversation._20A.Plus,Ilearnedtobeopenwithmycolleagues.Whynotcontributetothediscussioninwriting?IhadthoughtIcouldexpressmyselfinEnglisheasily.GraduallyIgrewuncomfortablewithoralcommunication.Then,Ihadtoreflectcarefullyonitandthinkofaresponse.Witheffortsonbothsides,wecouldovercomelanguagebarriers.Howcanonedenythesignificanceofeffectivecommunication?第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。JadelivesinAustralia,acountryfamousforkangaroos,butnotforsnow.Yetat12,she21toskiattheNorthPole.Despitethelackof22trainingspace,Jadestillbuilther__23__atthegym.Sheranwithgianttyresattachedtoherwaistto24whatitwasliketopullasled（雪橇）acrossice.Bytheageof14,Jadewas25__.Thefarnorthisnotablankcarpetofsoftsnow,butJade__26__thetoughconditions.Eventhougheverypartofherbodywas_27__,sheneverthoughtofgivingup.InApril2016,Jademade28,becomingtheyoungestpersontoskitotheNorthPole.Whentalkingabouther29__,shestatedthateveryhumanbodyis_30__,whetheryouareamanorawoman.Butwhenthetalkwaspostedonline,someInternetbullies（霸凌者）wrote31commentslike“Makemeasandwich"tomakeherfeel32.Toprovewomen'splaceisfarbeyondthe__33__,JadeandherteampushedontotheSouthPoleandmadeit.Holdingaplatewithasandwich,Jade34hadherphototakenandposted3537daysand600kmtothe3537daysand600kmtotheSouthPole,andyoucaneatit.”21.A.managedB.decidedC.offeredD.afforded22.A.authenticB.largeC.comfortableD.private23.A.careerB.confidenceC.strengthD.team24.A.tellB.feelC.rememberD.share25.A.matureB.determinedC.availableD.ready26.A.bravedB.improvedC.predictedD.identified27.A.workingB.refusingC.bleedingD.aching28.A.progressB.promisesC.historyD.efforts29.A.hobbyB.adventureC.advantageD.award30.A.complexB.beautifulC.amazingD.valuable31.A.meanB.kindC.briefD.fair32.A.puzzledB.smallC.nervousD.worried33.A.gymB.fieldC.kitchenD.office34.A.unwillinglyB.casuallyC.secretlyD.proudly35.A.skiB.walkC.runD.cycle第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Withabigsmileonherface,GanYouqinchatswithherfollowersinherlive-stream(直播)everynight,trying36(promote)salesoforangesfromherhometown,asmallvillageinGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegion.She,togetherwithherteammates,37(help)villagerssellnearly500,000kilogramsoforangeseveryweek.The40-year-oldwoman,whousedtobeafarmerandhousewife,isnowadmiredinherhometown38hergreatsuccessinboostingsalesoffarmproduce.Gan39(know)asoneofthepioneerswhosharescountrylifeandpromotessalesofrelatedproductsonline.Shewas40(initial)encouragedbyhernephew,whoaskedGantobethemaincharacterinhisshortvideos41(feature)countrylife.AsGan'sfamegrew,theybegantosellfruitfromtheirfamilyorchard(果园),42soonfellshortofdemand.Theythenlaunchedane-commercecompanysellingvariouskindsof43(agriculture)productsfromallovertheregion.Gan'scompanyhasbeen44greatsuccessandGanhasreceivedlotsofawardsforher45(achieve).Sheisnowdevotedtoshootingvideosandlive-streaming,butisalsoplanningtoofferfreetrainingtothosewholovetheindustry.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以“特别的寒假”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括1.就地过年；2.寒假活动；3.你的感受。1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Thefootballseason,wasalmostover.Sallyhadbeenplayingfootballallsummer.Shereallyenjoyedrunningaroundwiththeotherplayersinherbrightorangeuniform,chasingtheblackandwhiteballacrossthegrassyfield.Asmuchasshetried,though,Sallystillhadnotscoredonesinglegoal.Beforeeachgame,theyhadapracticesession.ThecoachshowedSallyandherteamhowtopasstheballtoeachotherandtakeshotsatthegoal.Sallywasprettygoodatpassingtheball,butevenduringpractices,shecouldn'tkicktheballpastthegoalkeeper.Shewonderedifsheshouldquitfootballandjoinadifferentclub.Thebreakwasoverandtherefereeblewhiswhistletostartthegameagain.Thetwoteamswalkedbackontothefield,bothdeterminedtowin.Sallybent,tieduphershoelaceandheardhermotherwhisperinherear.“Stayfocused.Keepyoureyesontheball.Lookforanopportunitytogettheball.Youcandoit.”Sallystoodupandtookadeepbreath.Evenifshedidn'tgetonegoalallsummer,sheknewthatshehadtriedherbest.Thatwassomethingtobeproudof.Soshesmiledathermotherandheadedtoherposition.Thewhistleblew,andthegamecontinued.Thescorewastiedwithonegoaleach.Thegreenteamwasprettygood,butSally'sorangeteamwasfast.Thegirls'ponytailsbouncedastheyran,withmanyfeetkickingfrantically拼命地）attheballwhenitcamenearthem.ItwasaratherboringgameandSally'sheartwasnolongerinit.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Sallystarteddaydream