英语：选修6-Unit5-grammar教学文案

英语：选修6-Unit5-grammarto+v.v-ingv-ed区别将要发生的同时发生被动1.Reading

aloudisveryhelpful.2.Wehavetopreventtheairfrombeing

polluted.

3.Thefilmisexciting.

4.Themanspeaking

to

the

teacherisourmonitor'sfather.

5.Theykeptmewaiting

atthegate.主语宾语表语后置定语宾语补足语找出下面ing形式在句子中所充当的成分。6.Havingdonehishomework,heplayedbasket-ball.7.BeingaLeaguemember,heisalwayshelpingothers.8.Playingallday,youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.9.Hedroppedtheglass,breakingitintopieces.10.Thestudentscameintothelab,followingtheirteacher.

完成…后（时间状语）作为…（原因状语）如果…（条件状语）结果状语伴随状语小结-ing形式的用法1)可以有名词作用,在句中做主语、宾语、表语；2)可以有形容词作用，在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语；3)可以有副词作用，在句中作状语。ing做状语可表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随

1.分词(短语)作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。使用-ing形式需注意的几个问题。Walking

inthestreet,Ihappenedtomeetmyoldfriend.Thetrainhavinggone,wehadtowaitanotherday.（thetrain逻辑主语+havinggone即为独立主格结构）_____________(tell)himanswersseveraltimes,Iwasnotsurewhetherhecouldunderstandtheproblem.告诉他答案好几次________________(tell)answersseveraltimes,hestillcouldn’tsolvetheproblem.被告诉过答案之后几次3)___________________(see)arainbowbeforeasachild,hewasveryexcited.

以前从没看到过彩虹HavingtoldHavingbeentoldNot/Neverhavingseen独立主格结构名/代+doing/todo/done/名/形/副/介短There______(be)notaxis,wehadtowalk.It________(be)Christmas,thegovernmentofficeswereclosed.Herwork_______(do),shesatdownforacupoftea.beingbeingdone2.分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词(如but，and)，因为并列连词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只是全句的一个状语部分，分词和主句之间可用逗号。例如:

误:Havingbeentoldmanytimes,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.

正:Hewastoldmanytimes,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.或Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillcouldn’tunderstandit.3.-ing的一般式和完成式现在分词都可以表示先后接连发生的动作。在可能引起误解的场合应该用完成式现在分词表示先发生的动作。

Havingbrushedhisteeth,Mr.Browncamedownstairsforbreakfast.布朗先生刷过牙,就下楼来吃早饭。

(此句如写成:Brushinghisteeth,Mr.Browncamedownstairsforbreakfast.可能指“边刷牙,边下楼。)

4.分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上not,never等否定词构成。Notknowinghowtofindthesubway,Iaskedapolicemanforhelp.作定语作宾语作补语作状语作主语-ing和-ed形容词单个-ed/-ed,前置-ing+名词：表示用途aswimmingpool=apoolforswimming

areadingroom=aroomforreadingThegirlwhoissittinginthecorner

isadorable.Wevisitedatemplewhichwasbuilt200yearsago.后置定语相当于省略的定语从句■Thevegetableswhicharesoldinthis

shoparegrownwithoutchemicals.27Thehouseswhicharebeingbuiltareforthesurvivorsinthequake.■

Thegirlwhohaspassedtheexamis

mygirlfriend.

错(完成式不能作定语)

having-ing/-ed形容词：–ing:主动；-ed:被动；amovingfilmthemovedaudience

anexcitingnews

abrokenheart

aninterestingstoryasatisfiedsmile

-ing形容词多修饰物

-ed形容词多修饰人或与人有关的物

Everyone

was

_____

by

the

______story.(move)He

was

_______

with

the

________

person.(annoy)movedmovingannoyedannoyingDidyouenjoyyourselfattheparty?Yes.I’veneverbeento_onebefore.(06四川)A.amoreexcited B.themostexcitedC.amoreexciting D.themostexcitingCPoorboy!His___looksand_____handssuggestedhewasveryafraid.A.frightening;trembling

B.frightened;trembled

C.frightening;trembled

D.frightened;tremblingDTheproblems____atthemeetingtomorrowarereallyhardtosolve.A.discussed B.todiscussC.tobediscussed D.discussingCTheflowers____sweetinthegardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.(2004上海)A.tosmellB.smelling C.smelt D.tobesmeltBMr.Greenstoodupindefenseofthe16-year-oldboy,sayingthathewasnottheone_____.(2006安徽)A.blamed B.blaming C.toblame D.tobeblamed分词作状语时，如果主语和分词动作构成的是“主谓关系”，我们用ing分词；如果主语和分词动作构成的是"动宾关系"，我们就用-ed分词。

如何区分使用ing分词和-ed分词1.____bysomeofficials,Napoleoninspectedhisarmy.2._____others,Johncameintothehall,too.A.FollowedB.FollowingC.BeingfollowingD.Havingbeenfollowed

3.Thetrainerarrivedand___bysixlittledogs.followedB.wasfollowingC.followingD.wasfollowedABD4.___moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.5.____allhistimetoteaching,Mr.Lialmostforgetshiswifeandson.GiveB.TogiveC.GivingD.GivenDC6.Therewere12personsinthebus,___ababy.7.Therewere12personsinthebus,ababy____.A.toincludeB.includingC.includedD.beingincludedBC8.Theman_____Zhaosanusedtolivehere.9.Theman____himselfZhaosanusedtolivedhere.called B.calling C.tocallD.call

AB10._____fromthehill,theparkseemsmorebeautiful.11.____fromthehill,you’llfindtheparkmorebeautiful.12.____fromthehill,andyou’llfindtheparkmorebeautiful.13.____fromtheskyinaplaneandthecityisverybeautiful.A.SeeB.SeenC.SeeingD.ToseeBCAA14.Heoftenseethem_______footballontheplayground.15.Themissingboyswerelastseen_____neartheriver.playing B.playedC.play D.toplayCA16.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,_____alongspeechforthepresident.17.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenightand_____alongspeechforthepresident.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.prepareBC18.”Can’tyouread?”Marysaid___tothenotice.19.”Can’tyouread?”Marysaidand___tothenotice.angrilypointingB.angrilypointedC.pointangrilyD.topointangrilyAB1.(2010·重庆)Thenewsshockedthepublic,____togreatconcernaboutstudents’safetyatschool.A.havingledB.ledC.leadingD.tolead2.(2010·四川)Thelawyerlistenedwithfullattention,_____tomissanypoint．A.nottryingB.tryingnotC.totrynotD.nottotry3.(2010·江西)Theladywalkedaroundtheshops,_____aneyeoutforbargains.A.keepB.keptC.keepingD.tokeep5.(2010·北京)_____atmyclassmates’faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.A.LookingB.LookC.TolookD.Looked6.(2010·江苏)TheretiredmandonatedmostofhissavingstotheschooldamagedbytheearthquakeinYushu,____thestudentstoreturntotheirclassrooms.A.enablingB.havingenabledC.toenableD.tohaveenabled7.(2010·湖南)Dina,______formonthstofindajobasawaitress,finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.A.strugglingB.struggledC.havingstruggledD.tostruggle8.(2009·全国Ⅱ)Itisoften______thathumanbeingsarenaturallyequippedtospeak.A.saidB.tosayC.sayingD.beingsaid9.(2009·福建)InApril,2009,PresidentHuinspectedthewarshipsinQingdao,_____the60thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePLANavy.A.markingB.markedC.havingmarkedD.beingmarked10.(2008·浙江)__