linuxdesktop的现况与未来课件

LinuxDesktop現況與未來JimHuang(黃敬群)<jserv@>

OfficialKaffeDeveloper1June18,2004題綱Desktopsuite概況非X架構的DesktopEnvironmentDesktop標準–FreeD進階XExtensions未來的挑戰2June18,2004Desktopsuite現況PackagingRPM為主DesktopKDE>GNOMEBrowserMozilla>KonquerorMailClientEvolution>KmailOfficesuiteOpenOffice>KOffice3June18,2004以MS-Windows為例ObjectModel:COM/ActiveXComponentExchange:OLEClipboardManagerUserInterface:RichWin32APIConfiguration:Win32RegistryDesktop的技術層面5June18,2004KDE架構ObjectModel:KPartsComponentExchange:DCOP(DesktopCommunicationProtocol)ClipboardManager:KlipperUserInterface:Qt/KDElibsConfiguration:serializedobjects/plaintextDesktop的技術層面(續)6June18,2004GNOME架構ObjectModel:Bonobo(extendsCORBA)ComponentExchange:Gnorba(GNOMECORBAframework)/Orbit(freeCORBAimplementation)ClipboardManager:GCM(GNOMEClipboardManager)UserInterface:GTK+/GNOME-libsConfiguration:GConfDesktop的技術層面(續)7June18,2004KDEGnome發起人MatthiasEttrichMigueldeIcaza時間October1996August1997架構Qt(crossplatformgraphicalwidgettoolkit)KParts(lightweightin-processgraphicalcomponentframework)KWin(windowmanager)DCOP(systemforcommunicationbetweenprocesses)aRts–(soundserver)KHTML–(HTMLengine)GTK+(Widgettoolkit)Pango(Layoutandrenderingofinternationalizedtext)ATK(Accessibilitytoolkit)Orbit(aCORBAORBforsoftwarecomponents)Bonobo(acompounddocumenttechnology)GNOMEVFS(avirtual)GConf(forstoringapplicationsettings)Gstreamer(multimediaframeworkforGnomeapplications)MajorNativeApplicationKonqueror-andwebbrowserusingKHTMLKopete/Kmess*-InstantmessagerKate–TexteditorKrita–imageeditorKword–wordprocessorKspread–spreadsheetKMail-Emailclient

Nautilus-Gabber/Gaim*-InstantmessengerGaleon-WebbrowserbasedonMozillaGedit-TexteditorTheGimp-AdvancedimageeditorAbiword-WordprocessorGnumeric-SpreadsheetXimianEvolution-Contacts/Timemanagementande-mail.

9June18,2004i18n(Internationalization)/L10n(localization)能力良好的Framework/Toolkit支持多樣化的pro處理高擴充性、延展性、模組化設計Desktop各元件間必須同時兼具高凝聚性與低耦合度，能夠立刻(on-the-fly)抽換元件，而不影響既有運作，並且可以動態載入模組，藉由特定介面進行操作應用程式間的互動性支持強化DesktopEnvironment的extension(以X架構為例)快速更換不同外觀、環境、設定，以及各種展現與週邊裝置(硬體)的整合度對應硬體需要有足夠的抽象化設計依循國際標準DesktopEnvironment成功因素10June18,2004由KDE與GNOME開發者共同發起(March2000)專注於DesktopEnvironment標準化與效能提升實驗性嶄新架構ICCCM/EWMHFontconfig/XftClipboard/Drag-n-DropXEMBEDprotocolThumbnail/previewMenusystemMessagebusIPCsystem(D-Bus)IconthemesStartnotificationDesktop標準--FreeD11June18,2004Qtopia

展示：http://.tw/~jimchyun/qpe/13June18,2004FreeDesktopPlatform=DesktopPlatformSharedbyKDE/GNOME/othersABI/APIcompatibilityXFont–Xft/FontconfigXCompositeXRenderCairoTranslucencywindow進階Xextension14June18,2004字型/字體/字庫點陣字庫(Bitmapfonts)ConsolefontsBDF/PCFfontsinXWindowSystem向量/矢量/曲線字庫(Vectorfonts)PostScriptType1fonts(Adobe)TrueType(Apple,Microsoft)OpenTypefonts(mayincludeTrueTypeorType1data),(Adobe,Apple,Microsoft)15June18,2004FontrenderingenginesXFree86-nativeFreeType1andFreeType2Application-nativeimplementationsX11corelibraryisshowingitsage2-bit(blackandwhite)fontdisplayonlynogreyscaleoranti-aliasingXft,Xft2/fontconfig,STSFetc.ScreenDisplay17June18,2004Xft/fontconfigXFree864.x引入XRenderExtensionAlpha、anti-aliasing、sub-pixel(serverside)XftLibraryRasterizewithFreeType&XRender(clientside)FontconfigLibraryFontaccessing(clientside)獲得主流widgetset/toolkit支持GNOME2.x&KDE3.x18June18,2004XComposite19June18,2004HAL(HardwareAbstractionLayer)LinuxKernel2.6中，HAL提供D-Bus(lightweightsimplemessagebussystem)與一組程式庫API，以應用程式的觀點，不需要再去留意硬體偵測，甚至不需要去考慮特定的devic