2019中考英语短文语法选择+首字母阅读新选(7)附答案

2019中考英语短文语法选择+首字母阅读新选（7）附答案一、阅读理解。A（2019中考保健与健康类选练）Spendingtwoorthreehoursplayingoutdoorseachdaycanreducethechanceofbecomingshort-sighted,aresearchshows.Itchallengesthebelief（信念）thatshort-sightednessiscausedbycomputeruse,watchingTVorreadinginweaklight.TheAustraliangovernmentresearchersbelievethatthesunlightisgoodforpeople'seyes.Theycomparedthevision（视力）andhabitsof100seven-year-oldchildreninSingaporeandAustralia.Inall,30%oftheSingaporeanchildrenwereshort-sighted—thisrate（比率）wastentimeshigherthanAustralianchildren.Bothgroupsspendasimilaramount（数量）oftimereading,watchingtelevisionandplayingcomputergames.HowevertheSingaporeanchildrenspentanaverage（平均）ofonlyhalfanhouradayoutdoors—90minuteslessthantheAustralianchildren.ProfessorIanMorgan,fromtheAustralianResearchCouncil'svisionCentre,said,“Humansarenaturallylong-sighted,butwhenpeoplebegintogotoschoolandspendlittleornotimeoutdoors,thenumberofshort-sightedpeoplegetslarger.We'realsoseeingmoreandmoreshort-sightedchildrenincitiesallaroundtheworldandthemainreasonmaybethatcitychildrenspendlesstimeoutdoors.Daylightcanbehundredsoftimesbrighterthanindoorlight.Butwhydoesplayingoutsidepreventusfrombecomingshort-sighted?Scientistsbelievethatnaturallighthasaspecialchemical（化学物质）whichstopstheeyeballfromgrowingoutofshapeandpreventspeoplefrombecomingshort-sighted.Sobeoutdoors.Itdoesn'tmatterifthattimeisspenthavingapicnicorhavingsports.HowmuchtimedidtheAustralianchildrenspendoutdoorsonaverageaccordingtotheresearch?30minutes.B.60minutes.C.90minutes.D.120minutes.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?Ifpeoplespendlesstimeoutdoorstheywillcertainlybecomeshort-sighted.Therearefewershort-sightedSingaporeanChildrenthanAustralianchildrenbecausetheyhavemoreknowledgeofprotectingtheireyesight.Therewillbefewerrisksofgettingshort-sightedifpeoplespendtwoorthreehoursadayplayingoutside.Whenpeoplebegintogotoschooltheywillbecomelong-sighted.Whatisthefifthparagraphmainlyabout?Whynaturaldaylighthasaspecialchemical.Whydaylightpreventspeoplefrombecomingshort-sighted.Whydaylightismuchbrighterthanindoorlight.Whatthespecialchemicalwhichcanstopeyeballsfromgrowingoutofshapeis.参考答案1.D2.C3.BBDifferentcountrieshavemanydifferentkindsofclimate气候).Andinonebigcountrypeopleindifferentareasmayoftenhavedifferentkindsofclimatesaswell.TheUnitedStateshasmanydifferentkindsofclimate.Onthenorthwestcoast海岸)，thetemperaturechangesverylittlebetweensummerandwinter.Itisnothotorcoldalltheyeararound.Butthepeopleinthenorthcentralstateshaveaverydifferentkindofclimate.Inthosestates，peoplewearlightclothesinsummer，andinwintertheyneedtowearheavywoolenclothes.InthesouthwestcoastoftheUnitedStates，temperaturesinsummerareverydifferentfromthoseinwinter.Summerisusuallyhot，andwinterisusuallycold.Inspringthetemperaturesarewarm，andinfalltemperaturesarecool.Manyyearsago，peopleinthecoldpartsoftheUnitedStatesdidn'toftengetfreshvegetablesandfreshfruitsduringthesummer.Today，however，trucksandtrainscarryfruitsandvegetablesveryquicklytothecoldpartsoftheUnitedStates.Inthisway，Americans“sendtheirclimates”topeopleinotherstates.()6.ThenortheastoftheUnitedStatesB.onthenorthcentralstatesC.inthewestoftheUnitedStatesD.onthenorthwestcoast()7.Inthenorthcentralstatespeoplewearclothesinsummerandclothesduringthewinter.A.silk;lightB.light;heavywollenC.wool;cottonD.wool;silk()8.Theword“temperature"inthispassagemeans“"inChinese.A.湿度B.脾气C.气候D.温度()9.Todaypeoplecangetfreshvegetablesandfreshfruits.A.inthenorthcentralstatesB.ineverypartoftheUnitedStatesC.inthecoldpartsoftheUnitedStatesD.inthesouthwestpartoftheUnitedStates()10.FromthepassageweknowthattheclimateoftheUnitedStates.A.isalwaysverycoldB.iswarminwinterC.iswidelydifferentD.changesverylittlebetweensummerandwinter参考答案6〜10DBDCCC(2019中考科普环保类选练)Applehasenteredthetextbookmarket.Thetechgiant(科技巨头)introducediBookstextbooksacoupleofweeksagowhenitannounceditsiBooks2platform.(平台)Theyaredigitalbooksinavarietyofsubjectstakinginscience,maths,historyandgeography.AppledevelopeditsiPad-basedtextbooksinconjunction(连接)withmajortextbookpublishers.Thecompanyoffersacollectionoftextbooksforhighschoolstudents.Appleclaimsitoffersa“newtextbookexperience”andsuggestsitsinteractiveiBookstextbooksare“thenextchapterinlearning”.Itsoundslikegoodnewsforpupilsandstudents.Thinkofit.Nomorecarryingheavybackpacksfulloftextbooks.EverytextbookyourequirecanbestoredonyouriPad.Nomorehavingtobuyexpensivetextbookswhichyouwillonlyuseforayearortwoandthensellorgiveaway.Ofcoursethere'sacatch.YouneedtoownaniPadandasyouknow,itisnotcheap.Youalsoneedtobuydigitaltextbooks,mostlypricedeachat$14.99(94.74yuan)orless.Textbookpublishingwasworth$8.7billionintheUSalonelastyear.Willdigitalbookstakeovercompletelyineducation?Whatcanwefindthiskindofpassage?A.InamagazineB.InasciencebookC.InthenewspaperD.InatextbookAccordingtothepassageabove,whyiPadsarebetterthanourtraditionaltextbooks?A.Becausestudentsdon'tneedtocarryheavybooks.Becausetheycanstoremanysubjects.Becausewedon'tneedtodohomework.D.BothAandB.Theunderlinedsentence“there'sacatch”inthesixthparagraphmeans.A.EverycoinhastwosidesB.ThereissomegoodnewsC.ThereissomebadnewsC.Wehavetocatchit.What'sthewriter'sopiniontowardthisnewtechnology?A.HecompletelyagreedwithitB.Hethinkshighschoolstudentslikeit.C.Helikesitsomuchthathebuysone.D.Hedoesn'ttellus.Howwillthewritercontinuethispassage?A.TotalkaboutthedisadvantagesandadvantagesaboutiPads.TointroducethehistoryaboutthepapermakingandseeifiPadswillenterthenewmarket.TotellushowthehighschoolstudentsuseiPads.ToaskpeopletousetheirtraditionaltextbooksinsteadofiPads.参考答案CDADB二、语法选择。阅读下面的短文，按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从1〜15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Thebackdooroftheambulanc（e救护车）wassuddenlyshut.Thedriverrantothefront,jumpedintohisseatand1theengine.Insideweretheworriedparents,Mr.andMrs.Green.Themotherwasholding2babydaughter,Ellen.Thelittlegirlhad3foodstuckinherthroat（卡住喉咙）and4hardlybreathe.Thedriver,Mr.White,turned5hissiren（警笛）andflashinglight,andstartedspeedingtowardsthe6hospital.Thecarsaheadofhimpulledoutofthewayashedrovethroughthebusytraffic.Fromthebackoftheambulance,theparentswereshouting7___himtohurry,sinceEllenhadalmoststoppedbreathing.Mr.Whiteknewhehadnotimetolose,8hedrovestraightpastthetrafficlights.Comingtowardshimfromhisrightwasataxi.Thedriverwhowaslisteningtohisradio9heartheambulance.Thelightsweregreen,andhedrovestraightonintothepathoftheambulance.Mr.Whitetried10hisambulance,butitwastoolate.Ithit___11taxi.Everyonewasshaken,12noonewashurt.Mr.Whitelookedbacktosee13___littleEllenwas.“Look!”criedMrs.Green.“She___14again.”“Itmusthavebeenthecrash,”saidherhusband15.“Itknockedthefoodoutofherthroat.Theaccidentturnedouttobeablessing.”1.A.startB.startedC.hasstartedD.starts2.A.theirB.theirsC.theyD.them3.A.anyB.noC.someD.each4.A.wouldB.mightC.shouldD.could5.A.onB.offC.outD.into6.A.nearB.nearlyC.nearerD.nearest7.A.withB.byC.atD.for8.A.becauseB.althoughC.soD.after9.A.wasnotB.wouldnotC.hasnotD.didnot10.A.stopB.tostopC.stopsD.stopped11.A.theB.aC.anD./12.A.andB.orC.butD.before13.A.whereB.howC.whenD.what14.A.isbreathingB.breathedC.wasbreathingD.willbreathe15.A.happyB.happilyC.unhappyD.happiness参考答案1—5BACDA6—10DCCDB11—15ACBAB三、短文首字母填空。Lastyear,fourchildrenwaitedfortheirschoolbuseverydayfortenminutes,onthesamedirtystreetcorner.Oldbottles,partsofoldbikes,andemptysodacans（苏打罐）couldbeseverywherearoundthebusstop.Thetreeswerebrownandhadnoleaves,andthereweren'tanyflowersatall.OneFriday,oneofthechildrenlookedatthecorneranddtodosomethingaboutit.ThenextMonday,shebroughtabagandcollectedsomeoftheoldbottlesto3.r.OnTuesday,shespentanothertenminutespickingupoldbottles,whileherbestfriendJudypickedupsodacansand4.themindifferentbagsforrecycling.OnWednesday,allthe5.cjoinedtogether.The6.cbecameclean!Thecornerlookedbetter,butitwasstillugly.Sothenextdaythegirl7.someflowerseeds.Sheplantedtheseedsandwatered8.t,andwateredthetrees,too.Itonlytooktenminutesaday9.bthatwasenough.Afewmonthslater,thiscornerbecameabe