（江苏专版）2023版高考英语大二轮复习考前冲刺卷（一）牛津译林版

〔江苏专版〕2022版高考英语大二轮复习考前冲刺卷〔一〕牛津译林版PAGEPAGE64考前冲刺卷(一)第一局部听力(略)第二局部英语知识运用(共两节，总分值35分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分)请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。1.Wehopethatcleanenergycanbepromotedacrossthecountryenvironmentalpollutioncanbegreatlyreduced.A.incaseB.nowthatC.sothatD.asif答案C解析句意为：我们希望清洁能源能够在全国范围内得到推广，以便环境污染可以大幅减少。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导目的状语从句，表示“为了，以便〞，应用sothat。incase“假设，如果〞，引导条件状语从句，从句多位于主句之前；incase“以防，以免〞，引导目的状语从句，从句多位于主句之后，可用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气；nowthat“既然〞，引导原因状语从句；asif“好似〞，引导方式状语从句。2.ChinaRailwaysaidtennewrailwayswouldbeputintoservicebytheendof2022to______thecapabilityofChina’shigh-speedrail.A.heighten B.innovateC.inspect D.interpret答案A解析句意为：中国铁路总公司称，到2022年年底，十条新铁路将投入使用，以提升中国高速铁路的(运载)能力。heighten提升，提高，符合语境。innovate创新，改革；inspect检查，审视；interpret诠释，说明。3.Afterknowinghisfailingtheexam，Albertsatquietlyforawhilebytheriverbank，thinkingofwhatitmighthavebeenifhehard.A.couldstudy B.hadstudiedC.studied D.studies答案B解析句意为：得知自己考试没通过后，艾伯特在河岸边静静地坐了一会儿，寻思着如果当初自己努力学习的话结果会如何。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处考查虚拟语气，且表示对与过去事实相反的情况的虚拟，故从句谓语动词应用“had＋过去分词〞形式。应选B。4.Overthelastfiveyears，UNICEFhasbeenbuildingtheabilitytodriveresearchanddevelopmentforproductstomeettheneedsofchildrenthatarenotyetreadilyavailable.A.conventional B.foreignC.essential D.sufficient答案C解析句意为：在过去五年中，联合国儿童基金会一直致力于推动研究和开发那些儿童还不能方便获得但却对满足其需求至关重要的产品。essential必不可少的，极其重要的，符合语境。conventional传统的；foreign非典型的，陌生的；sufficient足够的。5.AsalargenumberofglobalcompanieshaveparticipatedinthefirstCIIE，itisaclear_______thatChina’sgoingtofurtheropenitsmarkets，andmanyopportunitiescanbefoundinthecountry.A.scene B.signalC.feature D.image答案B解析句意为：大量跨国公司参加了首届中国国际进口博览会，这清楚地说明，中国将进一步开放其市场，并且在中国可能找到许多时机。signal标志，预示，信号，符合语境。scene场面，情景；feature特征；image画像。6.Themanagerkeepsherearprettyclosetothegroundandusuallytellyouwhatthemoodofthestaffis.A.must B.willC.shall D.can答案D解析句意为：经理很留心周围的情况，她总能告诉你员工的情绪如何。根据句意，这里表示“能够〞，应用can。7.Whenreadingthemostinterestingpartofthestory，Bobburstintolaughter，notknowingthattheothersinthelibraryhim.A.stareat B.arestaringatC.werestaringat D.hadstaredat答案C解析句意为：读到故事最有趣的局部时，鲍勃不禁放声大笑，没有发觉到图书馆里的其他人都在盯着他看。根据句意可知，此处表示在过去某个时间正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。应选C。8.Ifyoupersonallyfeelthatadecisionisunjustandunfair，youshouldyourselfandvoiceyourdisagreement.A.giveupon B.standupforC.lookupto D.putupwith答案B解析句意为：如果你个人觉得某个决定有失公允，你就应该维护自己(的利益)，说出自己的不同意见。standupfor支持，维护，符合语境。giveupon对……不再抱希望(或不再相信)；lookupto尊敬；putupwith忍受。9.Speechisrelatedtointeractionbetweenamotherandachildthemotherrecognizesthesignalsinthechild’scryingandsmiling，andrespondstohimorher.A.where B.whichC.when D.that答案A解析句意为：言语能力与母亲和孩子之间的交流有关，在这种交流过程中母亲可以从孩子的哭和笑中区分出一些信号，并且给予他/她回应。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是interaction，在从句中表示抽象的地点概念，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用where。应选A。10.AnoilfieldintheGobiDeserthardlycallsupvisionsofanideallivingenvironment，butwiththeeffortsofdecades，apleasantlifeforitscitizensinthecityofKaramay.A.creates B.iscreatingC.hasbeencreated D.willbecreated答案C解析句意为：戈壁沙漠中的一个油田几乎唤不起(人们)对理想生活环境的憧憬，但经过几十年的努力，克拉玛依市已经为其居民创造了一种愉快的生活。根据句中的“withtheeffortsofdecades〞可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示到目前为止已经完成的动作给现在造成的影响；又create与life之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。应选C。11.SKGlobalannouncedithasnotyetdecidedChinaRichGirlfriendwouldbeaformalco-productionbetweenChinaandtheUS，althoughitwascertainthefilmwouldbefilmedinShanghai.A.whether B.whatC.how D.that答案A解析句意为：SKGlobal宣布，尽管可以肯定?中国富豪女友?这部影片将在上海拍摄，但是影片是否会成为中美之间的正式联合制作还尚未决定。分析句子结构并结合句中的“ithasnotyetdecided〞可知，空处在此引导宾语从句，且表示“是否〞，应用whether。12.RunningtotheSpring，afilmthe40thanniversaryofChina’sreformandopening-up，wasshownincinemasnationwidefromDec.14，2022.A.inresponseto B.inhonorofC.inreturnfor D.incelebrationof答案D解析句意为：庆祝中国改革开放四十周年的电影?春天的马拉松?自2022年12月14日起在全国各影院上映。incelebrationof为庆祝……，符合语境。inresponseto作为对……的回应；inhonorof纪念，为向……表示敬意；inreturnfor作为对……的回报。13.Johnisanorganicchemist，andthisishisfirstexposuretoacommunityofworld-famousbiologists，onethatincludedinthefield.A.aJekyllandHyde B.agoodSamaritanC.atoughnut D.aleadinglight答案D解析句意为：约翰是一名有机化学家，这是他第一次接触世界著名的生物学家团体，其中的一名生物学家是该领域的领军人物。aleadinglight(某活动范围内)重要的活泼人物，受敬重的人物，符合语境。aJekyllandHyde双重人格者；agoodSamaritan乐善好施者；atoughnut难对付的人。14.Wehaveadvertisedournewproductandwe’dliketoseeitaroundtheworld.A.promoting B.promotedC.promote D.beingpromoted答案B解析句意为：我们已经给我们的新产品做了广告，我们想看到的是它在全球范围内得到推广。句中的it代指ournewproduct，promote和it是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作宾补。应选B。15.—Youseemedtobeimpressedbythechildactor’sskills.—.Iwasimpressedmorebyhiscourage.A.YouhavegotmethereB.YoucansaythatagainC.NotexactlyD.Notlikely答案C解析句意为：——你似乎对那个儿童演员的演技印象深刻。——不完全是。他的勇气更打动我。notexactly“不完全如此〞，用于纠正对方刚说过的话，符合语境。youhavegotmethere你把我难倒了，你把我问住了；youcansaythatagain你说得真对，表示完全同意某人的意见；notlikely不可能。第二节完形填空(共20小题；每题1分，总分值20分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。Ididmyfirstwing-walktwoyearsago，onmy86birthday.ThenlastJune，aged88，Ididitagainand16myownrecordastheworld’soldest17wing-walker.Therewassomethingaboutbeingstrapped(捆扎)tothe18ofabright-yellow1944Boeing—Stearmanthat19myimagination.It’sveryexciting.Thefirstexperiencewasnothingbuttame.Thisyear，Isaidtothe20，“Canyoumakeitabitmoreadventuresome？〞Hesaid，“Icoulddoaloop-the-loop(翻筋斗)ifyoulike？〞Thistime，he21doinghalfaloopwhichwasveryeffective.Yougodownabit，thenstraightup.AllIfeltwasabit22，becauseitwaswindy.Butyouare23strapped.Thepilotmakessureeverythingis24.Ihadgloveson，earplugsandlotsoflayers，whichprotectedme.Bothtimes，we25fromGloucestershireAirportandwereintheairfor15minutes.Youdon’tsitonthewing—yousiton26lookslikeachair.Iwasn’tnervous.Butwhenyoulookatthepropellers(螺旋桨)，youdofeelalittlestrange.You’re27atthebeginningthatit’sa28dangerousactivityandthingscouldgowrong.However，Isaid，“Well，at88whatdoesit29？You’vegottogosometimeandyoumightaswellgoinaflameof30.〞Atmyage，alotofpeopleare31intheirways.Idon’tthinkanyofmy32frommyretirementhomewantsto33me.IimaginemostofthemthinkI’m34asawoman.ButIdothinkpeopleofmyageshouldbedoingmore35things.Youshouldn’tsitbackandfeelsorryforyourself.语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。本文作者是一位88岁的老太太，她勇于挑战极限运动——机翼行走。而且，她还呼吁更多的老年人不要服老，要勇于挑战自我。16.A.kept B.brokeC.saved D.protected答案B解析上一句提到作者在86岁时开始了第一次机翼行走，这里是说作者88岁时“打破(break)〞了自己的纪录。breakone’srecord打破某人的纪录。应选B。17.A.doctor B.repairC.male D.female答案D解析根据最后一段中的“asawoman〞可知，作者是世界上年龄最大的“女性(female)〞机翼行走者。应选D。18.A.wing B.headC.tail D.bottom答案A解析根据第一段第一句中的“myfirstwing-walk〞可知，作者参与的探险活动是在飞机的“机翼(wing)〞上行走。应选A。19.A.practised B.displayedC.inspired D.broadened答案C解析inspireone’simagination激发了某人的想象力。应选C。20.A.driver B.pilotC.guide D.director答案B解析根据上文作者要进行机翼行走可知，此处指作者在跟“飞行员(pilot)〞说话，应选B。21.A.turnedup B.gaveupC.tookup D.endedup答案D解析联系上一段最后一句可知，作者对飞行员提出冒险性的要求后，飞行员说自己可以做到让飞机在空中翻筋斗。所以此处是说飞行员最终采用了半循环的飞行方式“结束〞。endupdoingsth.以做某事结束。应选D。22.A.shaky B.dizzyC.shiny D.clumsy答案A解析根据该空后的“itwaswindy〞可知，当时有风，所以飞行过程中飞机稍微有点“摇晃(shaky)〞。应选A。23.A.tightly B.largelyC.safely D.correctly答案C解析上文提到风很大飞时机摇晃，但是你是被“平安地(safely)〞固定着的。应选C。24.A.special B.secureC.cautious D.accessible答案B解析根据下一句可知，飞行员在飞行的过程中要确保一切是“平安的(secure)〞，应选B。25.A.letout B.gotthroughC.brokeup D.tookoff答案D解析根据该空后的内容可知，飞机在机场“起飞(takeoff)〞，15分钟后到达空中，应选D。letout发出(叫声等)；getthrough顺利通过，接通；breakup粉碎，解散。26.A.what B.howC.where D.that答案A解析分析句子结构可知，此处为宾语从句。主句缺宾语，从句缺主语，表示具体事物，用what引导宾语从句，应选A。27.A.charged B.allowedC.warned D.cheated答案C解析根据下文的“dangerousactivity〞可知，这是一项危险的活动，所以参加者起初一定会被“提醒，警告(warn)〞，应选C。28.A.actually B.potentiallyC.doubtfully D.certainly答案B解析这项活动在进行之前已经根本保证了行走者的平安性，但也有潜在的危险性。potentially潜在地，可能地。应选B。29.A.mean B.liveC.dream D.matter答案D解析在作者看来，她已经88岁了，即使出意外，那又有什么“关系〞呢？应选D。matter有关系；要紧，有影响。30.A.glory B.silenceC.memory D.ash答案A解析在作者看来，自己已经活到88了，即使出了意外，也是以一种“荣耀(glory)〞的方式结束自己的生命。应选A。31.A.criticized B.beatenC.stuck D.washed答案C解析作者认为在步入老年阶段后，很多人都会“受困于〞自己的生活方式。bestuckin卡住；陷入；困于；被缠住。32.A.leaders B.friendsC.opponents D.relatives答案B解析作者不认为周围已经退休的“朋友们(friends)〞中会有人想和自己一样勇于挑战，应选B。33.A.persuade B.praiseC.join D.win答案C解析作者认为周围的朋友们受困于各自的生活方式而不会“参加(join)〞到作者的冒险活动中来，应选C。34.A.crazy B.braveC.calm D.steady答案A35.A.academic B.difficultC.adventurous D.ridiculous答案C解析根据第二段中的“abitmoreadventuresome〞可知，作者认为自己这个年龄段的人应该去做更多“冒险的(adventurous)〞事情。应选C。academic学术的；difficult困难的；ridiculous荒唐的。第三局部阅读理解(共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分)请认真阅读以下短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。AYou’veprobablyheardpeopleexpressingalarmaboutthespreadof“fakenews〞—storiesthatlooklikenewsarticlesbutdescribethingsthatneverhappened.Spreadingfakenewsembarrassesyouandharmsothers，sofollowthesestepstomakesureyouonlysharerealnews.ChecktheirgrammarLegalnewssiteschecktheirgrammarcarefully，soarticleswithmanyerrorsareusuallyfake.Alsowatchoutforsentencesallwrittenincapitallettersandtheuseofmultipleexclamationpoints(感慨号)attheendsofsentences.Thesearedesignedtobringaboutanemotionalreaction，buttheyaren’tconsideredprofessional，sotrustworthypublicationsdon’tusethem.ReadthewholearticleEveninrealnewsarticles，headlinessometimesoverstateorsimplifythepointsofthearticles.Beforereacting，readthearticlecarefullytomakesureyouunderstandthewholecontext.Sometimestheclaimsoffakenewsarticlesbecomemoreridiculousasthearticlesgoon.ConsiderthesourceIfyou’veneverheardofapublication，checkthe“About〞sectiononitswebsite.Fakenewssitesoftenlacksuchapage，providelittleinformationorevenadmitthattheyarefake.Alsocheckanonlinearticle’sURL；ifitendswith“.co〞，it’sprobablyafakenewssite.eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。作者向读者传授了几个确保浏览的新闻的真实性的诀窍。)36.Whatdoweknowaboutlegalnewssites?A.Theymakegrammaticalmistakes.B.Theyapplyoverstatedheadlines.C.Theycapitalizeeveryletterinasentence.D.Theyusesomeexclamationmarksatoneplace.答案B解析细节理解题。根据Checktheirgrammar局部的内容可知，该段介绍了如何从语法层面来区别真实新闻和假新闻，A、C和D项都属于假新闻的特点；再根据Readthewholearticle局部的第一句可知，选B。37.Whichofthefollowingsourcesisprobablyreal?A.ABCNewswhoseURLisabcnews.co.B.WTOE5NewswhosearticleshaveaURL.C.PolitiFactwhose“About〞pageisindetail.D.BostonTribunewhose“ContactUs〞onlyhasanaddress.答案C解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“checkthe‘About’sectiononitswebsite.Fakenewssitesoftenlacksuchapage，providelittleinformation〞可知，新闻出版方的网站如果有“About〞栏目页，且内容详细，那么该新闻的来源就可能是真实的，选C。B(2022·江苏高三第二次百校联考)Thekeytogettingpeopletoworktogethereffectivelycouldbegivingthemthefreedomtochoosetheircollaborators(合作者)andthecomfortofworkingwithestablishedcontacts，newresearchsuggests.Inthestudy，DavidMelamed，anassistantprofessorofsociologyattheOhioStateUniversityandleadauthorofthestudy，andhisco-authorsfoundparticipantsthroughtheAmazonMechanicalTurkwebsite—aservicethatallowsresearcherstohirepeoplefromaroundtheworldforavarietyofpurposes.Forthisstudy，allparticipantswerefromtheUnitedStates.Thosewhoagreedtoparticipateplayedonlinegamesinwhicheachplayerstartedoutwith1,000monetaryunitsthattranslatedto$1inrealmoneytheycouldpocket.Ifoneplayeragreedtopayanotherplayer50monetaryunits，thatsecondpersonwouldactuallyacquire100units.Eachofthe16-roundgamesincludedabout25participants，someofwhomparticipatedinmultiplegames.Inall，810peopleparticipatedintheresearch.Someofthegamesincludedrandomnetworks，wherecertainpeoplecouldinteract.Othersincludedclustered(群集的)networks，inwhichasmallgrouphadmultipleconnections—anarrangementthatwasdesignedtomimic(模拟)reallife，wherehumansoftenruntheirlivesinpacks.Andthenetworkswereeitherstatic(静态的)ordynamic(动态的).Instaticnetworks，aplayercouldinteractonlywiththeappointedpartners.Indynamicnetworks，participantscouldcuttheirtieswithanotherplayerandformnewconnections.Furthermore，someofthegamesincludedreputationinformation.Participantswerelabeledbasedontheirhistoryofwillingnesstosharemoney.Theideawastotestwhetherthoseknowntocollaboratewerefavoredbyotherplayersbasedonreputation—afactorshowninpreviousresearchtoplayasignificantroleinwhetherapersonislikelytopartnerwithanother.Melamedandhisresearchpartnersweresurprisedtofindthatwhetherpeoplearelikelytopartnerwithothershadnothingtodowithreputationinthisstudy.Thefindingsmighthavedepartedfrompreviousstudiesbecauseofthedifferenceinsizeandstudydesign，hesaid，explainingthatmuchofthepreviousworkinthisareawasconductedingroupsof100orfewerandmostlyinvolvedstudentsubjects.TheTurknetworkusedforthenewstudyhasbeenshowntoberepresentativeoftheU.S.populationintermsofage，raceandotherfactorsandtheintroducedplayershadnopreviousconnections.Cooperationratesoverallwerehigh—andhighestwhentheparticipantswerecooperatinginclustersandhadtheabilitytodropapartnerinfavorofanother.“Whatreallyseemstomatteristheabilitytochangethestructureofanetwork，〞Melamedsaid.“Andthepatternsofrelationshipsalsomadeadifference.Thoseinaknownclusterwithmultipleconnectionscooperatedmore.〞语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究说明，让人们有效合作的关键在于让他们有选择合作者的自由，以及与已建立联系的人一起工作的舒适感。DavidMelamed领导的这项研究的目的是发现是什么导致人们最愿意合作。38.WhatdidDavidMelamedandhispartnersdofortheirstudy?A.Theyhired810peopleglobally.B.Theygaveeachparticipant$1,000.C.Theydesigned16-roundonlinegames.D.Theyaskedeachparticipanttotakepartinonlyonegame.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“Eachofthe16-roundgamesincludedabout25participants，someofwhomparticipatedinmultiplegames.Inall，810peopleparticipatedintheresearch.〞可知，DavidMelamed和他的伙伴们在他们的研究中设计了16轮在线游戏。应选C。39paredwithpreviousresearch，thenewstudyfoundthat.A.reputationplayednoroleincooperationB.studentsubjectsweremorelikelytopartnerwithothersC.playershavingconnectionsbeforetheyweremorecooperativeD.cooperationrateswereinfluencedbyage，raceandotherfactors答案A解析推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Melamedandhisresearchpartnersweresurprisedtofindthatwhetherpeoplearelikelytopartnerwithothershadnothingtodowithreputationinthisstudy.Thefindingsmighthavedepartedfrompreviousstudiesbecauseofthedifferenceinsizeandstudydesign〞可知，与之前的研究相比，新的研究发现声誉在合作中没有作用。应选A。40.ItcanbeinferredthatthepurposeofthestudyledbyDavidMelamedistodiscover.A.howtochangethepatternsofrelationshipsB.whatleadspeopletocollaboratemostwillinglyC.whatkindofpersonisthemostpopularinateamD.whetherit’spropertodropapartnerinfavorofanother答案B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，DavidMelamed领导的这项研究的目的是发现是什么导致人们最愿意合作。应选B。CPeoplewithDown’ssyndrome(唐氏综合征)whotakegreenteasupplementsfrominfancyarelesslikelytodevelopthefacialfeaturesofthecondition.Butresearchershavewarnedthatparentsshouldn’tgivethesesupplementstotheirchildrenuntilasafedose(剂量)hasbeendetermined.Down’ssyndromearisesfromhavingallorpartofanextrachromosome(染色体)，whichcanleadtoarangeofcharacteristics，includingintellectualdisabilityandfacialdifferences.SomeofthesecharacteristicsseemtobepartlyduetohavingtoomuchofasubstancecalledDYRK1A.MaraDierssenattheCentreforGenomicRegulationinSpainandhercolleagueshavebeeninvestigatingtheeffectsofacompoundingreenteacalledepigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG)，whichisknowntopreventDYRK1Afromdeveloping.EGCGisn’tanapprovedtreatmentyet，butsomeparentshavealreadystartedgivingitasasupplementtochildrenwithDown’ssyndrome，prompted(鼓励)bystudiesthatsuggestitmaybringsomebenefits.Theresearcherslookedat13suchchildren，andcomparedtheirfaceswithchildrenwithDown’ssyndromewhoweren’ttakingEGCG，aswellaschildrenwithoutthecondition.EGCGappearedtohavelittleeffectwhenchildrenstartedtakingitaftertheageof3.Butsixofthesevenchildrenwhobegantakingitbeforetheyturned3hadfacesthatmatchedorcloselyresembledthoseofchildrenwithoutthecondition.TheteamhadpreviouslyfoundthatyoungadultswithDown’ssyndromewhotookEGCGforayearperformedslightlybetterintestsofmemoryandreasoning.TheEGCGdosewasequivalenttodrinkingeightcupsofgreenteaperday.ExperimentswithmicehaveshownthatearlyEGCGtreatmentdoesseemtochangeface，skullandlimbbonedevelopment.MinimizingfacialvariationmayreducetheshamefulfeelingofpeoplewhosufferfromDown’ssyndrome，saysLindaGilmoreattheQueenslandUniversityofTechnologyinAustralia.Butthereareethicalquestionsaboutwhetherweshouldtryto“normalize〞peoplewholookdifferent，shesays.FamilieshavedifferentattitudestoraisingchildrenwithDown’ssyndrome，saysGilmore.“Somearekeentotryanythingthatmightmakethingseasier，eventreatmentsthathavenotbeenestablishedscientifically，〞shesays.“Othersdon’twanttochangetheperson.〞Thestudywassmall，andcan’tprovideclearconclusionsasthechildrentooksupplementsfordifferentamountsoftime.ButJeanMauriceDelabarattheBrainandSpineInstituteinParissaysthefindingswarrant(使……有必要)larger-scalestudiesinyoungchildren.However，itisimportanttodeterminethecorrectdose，hesays，becausemousestudiessuggestthatveryhighamountsofEGCGcancauseseverefacialandskeletalabnormalities.DelabaradvisesparentsnottogiveEGCGtotheirchildrenuntilmoreresearchhasbeendone.“Non-prescribeduseofthiscompoundisriskyatthisstage，〞HelenLeonardattheTelethonKidsInstituteinAustraliaagrees，butsaysitcanbehardforfamiliestowaitfortheoutcomesoflong-runningclinicaltrials.“Thatmeanstheearlierthisresearchcanbedone，thebetter，〞shesays.语篇解读文章讲述了研究人员发现绿茶中的一种成分可能会使唐氏综合征患儿的面部有较小的改变，但是这种疗法还没有确定用量，需要进一步的研究。41.Accordingtothepassage，EGCG.A.seemstobeeffectiveintreatingpatientsofacertainageB.isasubstancecontributingtothegrowthofgreenteaC.hasbeenapprovedforuseintreatingDown’ssyndromeD.isoftenusedtoimprovepeople’smemoryandreasoning答案A解析推理判断题。根据第四段最后三句可知，实验说明，EGCG只对特定年龄段(3岁以下)的唐氏综合征患者有效。42.WhichofthefollowingmightLindaGilmoreagreewith?A.Parentsshouldforcechildrentogetpropertreatment.B.Patientsmayfeellessshamefulwithlessfacialvariation.C.Familiesshouldwaitfortheoutcomesoftheclinicaltrials.D.LargeamountsofEGCGmaybeharmfultoyoungpatients.答案B解析细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“MinimizingfacialvariationmayreducetheshamefulfeelingofpeoplewhosufferfromDown’ssyndrome〞可知，LindaGilmore认为减少面部变化会减少患者的羞耻感。应选B项。43.WhatisJeanMauriceDelabar’sattitudetowardsgivingchildrenEGCGtreatment?A.Doubtful. B.Positive.C.Unfavourable. D.Cautious.答案D解析观点态度题。根据最后一段第一句“DelabaradvisesparentsnottogiveEGCGtotheirchildrenuntilmoreresearchhasbeendone.〞可知，JeanMauriceDelabar建议父母们不要在进一步的研究结果出来之前给他们的孩子服用EGCG，因此她的态度是谨慎的。44.Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.WhyDoChildrenDevelopDown’sSyndrome?B.TheChallengesforTreatingDown’sSyndromeC.CanGreenTeaAffectDown’sFacialFeatures?D.NewWaystoCureDown’sSyndrome答案C解析标题归纳题。整篇文章讲述了研究人员发现绿茶中的一种成分可能会使唐氏综合征患儿的面部有较小的改变，但是这种疗法还没有确定用量，需要进一步的研究。故C项作为文章的标题最适宜。D(2022·江苏七市高三二调)UNscholarshavecalculatedthatwithinthenext10yearsthedegradation(退化)offarmandgrasslandcouldturn50millionpeopleintomigrants.AnotherUNagencycalculatedthatinthelast25years，another3%oftheplanet’sforestshadbeenburnedorcutdown.OnceyouhavereadGaiaVince’sbook，youstarttoregisterthescaleofchangeinafast-changingworld.AdventuresintheAnthropoceneholdsamirroruptohumanityandsays：lookwhatyouhavedonetotheworld，theonlyworldyouwilleverhave.TheAnthropocene—theAgeofMan—isaproposednewnameforthequaternary(第四纪)periodthatwenowlivein，anditincludeswhathascometobecalledtheGreatAcceleration，inwhichduringthelast65years，whateverhumansdid，theydiditfasterandmoreeffectively，andonagreaterscale，whileatthesametimereproducingmoreanddyingmuchless.Didittake50,000yearstoreachapopulationofonebillion？Justinthelast10years，anotherbillionpeopleappearedontheplanet，andbytheendofthiscentury，itcouldbehometo9，or10，or11billionsouls，eachofwhichwillhopefortheminimumtosustainhealthandcontentment.Manyofthemwilldemandalotmore，whichiswheretheproblemsbegin.Tobuildcities，pavehighwaysandestablishfactories，humansdecadesagobecamethegreatestearth-movingforceontheplanet：theyeachyearshiftmorerockandsoilthanthewindandtherain，theriversandtheglaciers(冰川)combined.Citiesnowcover2%oftheplanet’sland：by2030，thiswillbe10%.Overthenext80years，thespecieswillbuildacityforonemillionpeopleevery10days.Tokeepthesecitiesfunctioning，humanswillconsume18terawattsofenergyandby2022，around5billionofthemwillhavesmartphones，andInternetaccess，andalreadypeoplewhoaremiserablypoorcansee，atafinger’stouch，whattheyaremissing，andwantitforthemselves，andinthecourseoftryingtogetit，consumemoreresourcesandcausedestructiontoecosystem.Anyonewhoreadsthisbookwillhavenoexcusefornotthinkingaboutit.Vincedoesn’tjustcollectthestatisticsofexploitationanddestruction，shegoestoseeforherselfwhattheymean.Likeagoodreporter，shetriestoseebothsides：sheexploresboththehumandestructionandthebeneficialandsometimesamazingsolutionsthathumanwisdomcandeliver.Shedoesthelegworktoo：sheclimbsupsteepmountainsidesinNepal，andinLadakh，looksathydroelectricplansinPatagonia，walksthroughtheforesttogetclosertoatiger，stepsoutintheslumsnearCartagenainColombia，andslipsdownanAmazontributaryinadugout.Everywhereintheworld，theiceisdisappearing，butinLadakh，anengineerhasworkedoutawaytomakeartificialglacierstostorethewaterforsummergrowth，anddoingsohasgiventhevillagersnotjustsecuritybutanewkindofhope.Ineverychapter，thereareexcellentstorieslikethis，glimpses(一瞥)oftheotherworldthatperhapswecouldhavemadeforourselves.Necessarily，togetaroundatopicthatinvolvesallhumanhistoryandallgeographytoo，shehastobebrief，andsoineverychapter，sheleavesyouwantingmore.Thisisusuallyconsideredtobeagoodthing.Goodornot，itisdifficulttosee.Andifshehelpsreadersunderstandalittlebetterthelossandsufferingliesbehindtheexploitationoftherareearths，thenitbecomesineverysenseagoodbook.语篇解读本文为一篇说明文。文章作者介绍了Vince的书，对此书赞不绝口。书中呼吁人们要意识到当今地球面临的困境并且做出挽救措施。45.Thestatisticsinthefirstparagrapharemeantto.A.ridpeopleoftheirconcernsabouttheearthB.stressthegravityofthedestructionoftheearthC.clarifypeople’smisunderstandingsoftheearthD.warnpeopleofthecontradictoryreportsabouttheearth答案B解析推理判断题。根据第一段中列举的数据和关键词“thedegradation(退化)offarmandgrassland〞和“planet’sforestshadbeenburnedorcutdown〞可知，目前地球遭受着极大的破坏。因此该段列举的数据旨在强调地球被破坏的严重性。故B选项正确。46.TheunderlinedpartinParagraph3mostprobablymeans.A.moretreeswereplantedandfewerofthemdiedB.peopleproducedmuchmorethantheyconsumedC.thebirthratewashigherandthedeathratewaslowerD.moreanimalswereraisedandtheuniversalratewashigher答案C解析47.Accordingtotheauthor，theconstructionofcitiesandinfrastructureswill.A.createmorejobopportunitiesforcitizensB.narrowthegapbetweentherichandthepoorC.promoteglobalizationandeconomicdevelopmentD.causeoverconsumptionandecologicaldestruction答案D解析推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句及第五段最后一句中的“consumemoreresourcesandcausedestructiontotheecosystem〞可知，城市和根底设施的建设会导致过度消耗和生态破坏。故D选项正确。48.Whydoesthebooksetpeoplethinking?A.Vince’sownexplorationmadeherdescriptionpersuasive.B.Vince’sadventuresprovideinformationaboutmysteries.C.Thebookcontainssomepracticalsolutionsfromreporters.D.Thebookarousespeople’scuriosityaboutsomecountries.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第六段第一、二句可知，这本书引人思考，Vince是亲身去观察的，包括该段下文详细讲述她亲自去了其他国家去感受地球遭到的破坏，由此可知是她的亲力亲为让她的书使人信服。故A选项正确。49.GaiaVincewritesthebookto.A.justifytheneedofhumansforasatisfyinglifeB.advocateuncivilizedlifeandfastdevelopmentC.sharewiththereadersheradventuresacrosstheworldD.revealallwehavedestroyedbutmayyetbeabletosave答案D解析推理判断题。根据第六段内容可知，这本书的作者Vince亲自去其他国家感受地球被破坏，对应D项中的revealallwehavedestroyed，根据第七段中所举的例子及其最后一句中的“theotherworldthatperhapswecouldhavemadeforourselves〞可知，我们做出了一些挽救措施，对应D项中的mayyetbeabletosave。故D选项正确。50.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardGiaVince’swork?A.Cautious. B.Ambiguous.C.Casual. D.Appreciative.答案D解析观点态度题。根据第六段第一句及最后一段最后一句可知，作者认为这是一本引人思考的好书，对这本书持赞赏的态度。故D选项正确。第四局部任务型阅读(共10小题；每题1分，总分值10分)请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。(2022·江苏五校联考)Extremesportsarebecomingincreasinglypopular.Infact，activitiessuchasmountainbiking，snowboardingandskateboardingcontinuetoattractlargernumbersofpeopleeveryyear.Atthesametime，adeclinehasbeennoted，foryearsonend，inotheroutsideactivitiesthatareconsideredtobemoretraditional，includingbasketball.Thisismostlikelylinkedtoseveralfactors，rangingfromtheincreasedadrenaline(肾上腺素)allthewaytothepositivementalandphysicalhealthaspectsofparticipatinginanextremesport.Extremesportscanpushyoutoyourphysicalandmentallimits.Individualswhoregularlyperformfeats(超群的技艺)suchasgoingbungeejumpingactuallychangethechemicalmakeupoftheirmind.Whenthishappens，youbecomemorecapableofstayingcalmandcenteredinstressfulsituations.Inotherwords，extremesportscanmaketherestofyourlifeeasytomanage.Besides，thosewhoparticipateinextremesportsareabletoturntheirfearsintopositiveexperiences.Thereprobablyaren’ttoomanypeopleintheworldwhowon’tfeelfearfulthefirsttimetheygobungeejumping.Butseeingthatyoumanagetodothemwillhelpyoureduceyourfearresponse.Wealldocertainmovementsduringtheday;however，you’veprobablyfeltsoreafterdoingsomethingthatisn’tonyourtypicaldailyschedule.Thisisbecauseyouhaveaskedyourmusclestomoveinanunusualwaywhenyouareworkingout.Althoughthiscancausesoreness，itcanalsobegoodforyouroverallphysicalfitness.Whenyouembraceanextremesport，youwillbuildupdifferentmusclesofyourbody，andthiswillbeapositivethingforyourhealth.Extremesportstaskyouwithovercomingdifficultphysicalchallenges.Ifyoucancompletethesechallenges，yourrewardswillbemuchmorethanmerelyphysical.Studieshavefoundastronglinkbetweenextremesportsandahigherlevelofself-confidence.Thismakessensewhenyouconsiderthefactthataccomplishingatasksophysicallydaunting(使人畏缩的)issomethingthatyoushouldfeelproudof.Theself-confidenceincreasecanhaveapositiveimpactoneveryaspectofyourlife，whichmakesextremesportsagoodideaforeveryonewhoisphysicallycapableofmeetingthegreatchallenges.However，beforeyoubeginanyextremesport，ensureyou’rephysicallyandmentallycapableofperformingthenecessarytasks.Onceyou’rereadytobegin，you’llbeabletochoosefromalonglistofadventuroussportsthatarecertaintogetyouradrenalineflowing.ExtremesportsIntroductionEveryyear51.agrowingincreaseinextremesportsanda52.declineintraditionaloutsideactivities.Reasonsforenjoying53._______•You’llfindinner54.andfocusonyourtaskinastressfulsituation.•Youwill55.respondtoyourfearsaftersucceedingindoingextremesports.•Youcan56.differentmusclesofyourbodyandchangeyourhealthforthe57..•Overcomingphysicalchallenges58.youtogainself-confidence，thusappealingtothosewhocan59.onchallenges.SuggestionMakesurethatyouarewell60.physicallyandmentallyforanextremesport.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。极限运动正变得越来越受欢送。与此同时，包括篮球在内的其他被认为比拟传统的户外活动在减少。51.答案sees/witnesses解析根据第一段中第一句可知，极限运动每年都在增加，而传统的户外活动却在不断减少。故答案为sees/witnesses。52.答案continuous解析根据第一段中的“Atthesametime，ad