2023年6月英语四级真题及答案解析卷一

【完整版】2023年6月英语四级真题及答案解析(卷一)PａrtIWriting(30ｍinutes)Directions：Fortｈｉsparｔ,yoｕａrｅallｏwed3０minutesｔowrｉtealetｔeｒtoexpressｙouｒtｈankstｏonｅofyourfrienｄswhohelpedｙoｕmoｓtｗhenyouｗｅreiｎdｉfficulty.Youshouldｗriteatｌeaｓｔ1２0wｏrdsbｕtnomｏｒeｔhan１8０woｒds．PａrtⅡListｅniｎgCｏmprｅｈｅnｓion(25miｎutes）SectｉonＡDｉｒecｔiｏns：Ｉnthｉssection，youwillｈearｔｈreｅneｗsrｅporｔs.Atｔｈeeｎdofeaｃhnewsrepｏrt，youwilｌheａｒtｗｏorｔhreｅqueｓｔioｎs.Bｏththeneｗｓｒeportaｎdtheqｕeｓtionｓwillbeｓpokenonlyonce．Afterｙouheaｒaqｕesｔion,youmuｓtchoｏsethebestaｎswerfｒｏmｔhefourchoicｅsmaｒkedA),B)，C）andD).ThenmａrkｔhecｏrreｓpｏndiｎgleｔterｏnＡnswerSheet1ｗｉｔｈａsiｎgｌｅｌinethroughthecｅｎtrｅ.Ｑueｓtiｏns１ａｎｄ2arebasedonthenｅｗｓrepoｒtyoｕhaｖeｊｕsｔｈeard。1.A)TｈeInｔernaｔｉonalＬabｏrＯｒgａｎization’ｓkeyobjective.B）Thebasｉcｓociａlｐｒoｔecｔionfｏrthemosｔvuｌｎeｒable.C)Risｉngunｅmploymenｔworlｄwide．D)Ｇloｂaｌecｏnomｉcｒｅcoverｙ.2.Ａ)Ｍanycounｔrieshavenottakenｍeasuｒｅｓtocｒeatｅｅｎｏｕghjobs．B)Fｅwｃountriesｋｎowｈowtoaddrｅｓsthecurrｅｎteconomiｃcrisis.C)Feｗcoｕntrｉeshａverｅａlizｅｄｔhｅsｅｒiousnessofthｅcurrentcriｓis.Ｄ)Manycountriesneeｄsuppｏrttoimprovｅtheirpeoｐｌe’slｉvelihood．Qｕestｉｏnｓ３and4ａrebasｅdonthenｅwsreportyouhａｖｅｊusｔheard.3．A）Sｅrvestａnｄarｄiｚedfｏodnatｉonｗide.B）Ｐｕtcaｌorieｉnｆormationｏnｔhemenｕ.C）Incrｅasｅpｒｏtｅinｃｏｎtentintheｆood．D)Oｆfeｒconｖenientfｏodtocusｔoｍers.4．A）Tｈｅywillbeｆｉｎeｄ．B)Thｅｙwillbｅclｏsed.C）Theywillgetawarniｎg.D）Theywiｌlｌｏｓecuｓtoｍers.Ｑuestｉons５to7aｒebａsｅdｏntｈeｎewsreportyouhaｖejｕsｔhearｄ。5。Ａ)Inabilｉtytoiｍｐｌemｅnｔthｅｉrbｕsiｎessplａｎs。Ｂ）Inabｉlitytokeｅpturningoｕtnoveｌｐｒoducｔs。Ｃ)Lackofasｕccｅssfuｌｂuｓinesｓmoｄeloｆtheｉrown。Ｄ)Failuｒetointegrateinnｏvationintｏｔhｅｉrｂuｓｉneｓs。6。A)Ｉtisｔhｅsecretｔobuｓiｎeｓsｓuccｅss。B)Itｉsthecｒeationｏｆsomｅthiｎｇｎｅｗ。C)Itiｓamａgicｔoolｔｏbringbｉgrewaｒdｓ。D)Itisaｎessentialparｔofbusinessculｔure。7。A)Itshardｗoｒkingeｍplｏyeｅｓ。B)Itsflexｉｂleｐromｏｔiｏｎstraｔegy。C)Ｉtsiｎnｏvationcｕｌｔurｅ。D)Itswilliｎgｎesstｏmakeｉnvestmentｓ。SeｃtioｎBDiｒecｔions：Ｉnthｉｓsｅctｉoｎ，ｙouwiｌlｈeａrtｗolｏngｃonveｒsationｓ。Ａttheendofeａchｃonｖersatioｎsyouwillhearｆouｒｑueｓｔions。Ｂｏtｈｔheconveｒｓaｔioｎsaｎdtheqｕestion－sｗｉllｂｅsｐokｅnonｌyoｎce。Afteryoｕhearａquestion。YoumustchoosｅｔhｅｂeｓtaｎｓwerfroｍthefourchｏiceｓｍａrｋedA）,Ｂ)，Ｃ)aｎdD）。ThenmarkthecoｒreｓpｏndinｇletteroｎＡnｓwｅrSheｅｔ1withａsinｇｌelinethrouｇhthecｅnｔre。Queｓtionｓ8to１１arebaseｄonｔheconvｅrsationyｏｕhavejusthｅaｒd。8。A）He’sgotａddictｅdtoteｃhｎoｌogy。Ｂ）Heisnotvｅｒｙgoｏdａｔsociａｌｉｚiｎg。C）Heiscraｚｙａｂouttexｔ-messagｉng。D）Hｅdoesnｏtｔalkloｎgonｔhepｈｏne。9。A)Talkｂig。B)Ｔaｌｋatlengｔh。Ｃ)Gosｓipalｏt。D）Forgeｔｈerselｆ。１０。A)Heｔhｏuｇhｔitwascｏol。B)Heneededtheｐrａｃtice。C)Heｗantedｔoｓtayconnecｔedwithｔｈｅm。D）Hｅhａdaｎuｒgentmessａgetosｅnd。11。A)Itｐosesachaｌｌengetosenｉoｒs。B)Ｉtｓavｅsbothｔiｍeanｄmoｎｅy。C)Itｉschilｄisｈanｄuｎprｏfessional。D)Ｉtiｓcoｏｌandconｖｅnｉent。Qｕeｓtioｎｓ12to15aｒebasedontｈeｃonｖｅrｓａｔionyoｕhavｅｊustheard。1２。A)Hewantsｔoｃhａngｅhｉsjｏbａｓsiｇnmeｎt。B)Ｈeisunｈapｐywithｈisdｅpａrtmenｔmａnａgｅr。C）Ｈｅthiｎkｓhedｅserｖeseｘtrapayforovｅrtｉme。D）Heisｏfｔensinｇｌedoutfｏrcriｔicｉsmbｙhisbｏｓｓ。１3。A)Ｈiｓwoｒkloａdwasｍｕｃhtooheａｖy。Ｂ)Hｉｓimmediａｔｅbossdidnotｔrｕsｔhｉm。C）Hiscoｌleagueｓoftenｒefuｓｅdtoｃooperａte。D）Hisｓaｌarywastoolowforhisrｅspｏｎsｉbility。14。A)Hｅneverknowsｈoｗtoｒeｆuｓe。B）Ｈeisalｗaysreaｄytohelpothｅrs。C)Hｉsｂosshasalotoftｒustinhim。D)Hisboｓｓhasｎｏseｎseｏffａｉrnｅsｓ。１5。A)Pｕtａｌlhisｃoｍplaintsinｗritｉｎg。B)Waｉtａnｄseｅwhathａｐｐensnexｔ。C)Lｅarnｔoｓaynowｈｅnnecｅｓｓａry。D）Talktohiｓbossiｎpersonｆｉrｓt。SeｃｔiｏｎCＤirections：Ｉnthiｓsectｉｏn,youwillheaｒthreepassages。Attheeｎdofeacｈpasｓａｇe，youwillｈｅarthｒeeｏrfourｑｕｅstionｓ。Ｂoｔhthepaｓsaｇeandtｈｅqｕeｓtiｏｎswillbeｓｐokｅnoｎlyｏnｃe。Afteryouheaｒａquestiｏｎ，ｙouｍｕstｃhoosetｈebｅｓｔansｗerｆｒomthefourcｈｏiceｓmarkeｄA),B）,Ｃ)aｎdD）。TｈenｍarkthecｏｒｒesponｄｉｎglｅtteｒoｎAｎswｅrShｅet１ｗiｔｈasinglelinｅthroughｔhｅcentre。Ｑuestｉｏｎs16ｔo１8ａrebasｅdｏｎtｈepassageyｏuｈavejｕstheaｒd。16。Ａ）Theimｐortaｎceｏfｓｌeeptoahｅaｌthｙｌifｅ。B)ＲeaｓｏnsfｏrAmｅrｉcaｎs’ｄecliｎeinsleｅp。C)Ｓoｍｅｔiｐstoimｐrｏvetｈeｑｕalitｙofｓleｅp。D）Dｉseａsesａssｏcｉatedwithlackofsleｅｐ。17。A)Tｈeyaｒemｏrｅhealth-conｓcious。Ｂ)Ｔheyarechanｇingｔheirlivｉnghabits。C）Tｈｅygｅｔｌｅｓsａndlｅｓsｓleep。Ｄ)Theyknowtｈedanｇeｒsoflaｃkofsｌeｅp。18。A)Theｉrweｉghtwiｌlgodｏwn。B）Theｉrmindfunctionwilｌdeterｉorate。C）Thｅirｗoｒkefｆiciencｙwｉlldecrｅａｓe。Ｄ)Theiｒblｏodpressｕrewiｌlrise。Qｕestiｏnｓ19ｔo２1arebaseｄontheｐａssageｙｏuhavejusｔheard。1９。A)Hｏwmucｈyoucanａfｆoｒdｔｏpay。B)Ｗhatcoｕrsｅyoｕａregｏiｎgtoｃhoose。C）Ｗhicｈｕniversityｙouaｒegoiｎgｔｏapplyto。D)Wheｎｙoｕaｒegｏingtosubmityｏｕrapplｉcaｔｉoｎ。２０。A)Ｔhelistofcoursesstudｉed。Ｂ)Ｔhｅｆuｌlrecordoｆscoｒes。C)Tｈeｒeferｅncｅsfroｍteachｅｒs。D)Ｔheｐersonalstateｍent。２１。A）Specifyｗｈattheｙwoulｄlikｅtｏdｏaftergｒａｄuatiｏｎ。B)Ｄｅｓcｒiｂeinｄetailｈｏｗmuchtheywouldenjｏystｕdying。C)Indiｃatethｅyｈaverefｌectedandｔｈｏughｔabｏuｔthesubjeｃt。D)Emｐｈasiｚｅｔhattheyadmirethepｒofｅssorｓｉｎｔｈeuniｖersity。Ｑuｅstions２２ｔo２5arｅｂaｓeｄonthepassａｇeyouhａｖejusthｅard。２２。A)Itｗaｓｅqｕippedwｉthｒubbeｒｔyres。B)Iｔwasbuiltｉnthｅｌate19thcｅnturｙ。C)ItwasｐurchasedｂｙthｅRoyaｌfamｉｌy。Ｄ)ItｗaｓdesigneｄbｙａnEnｇｌishenｇineer。23。A)Tｈｅyconsumedｌoｔsofpeｔrol。Ｂ）Tｈｅytooｋｔwｏｐassengｅｒsonly。C)Theyｗｅredifｆiculｔtｏdriｖe。D)Theyoftenｂｒｏkedｏwｎ。24。Ａ)Ｔheywｅｒeｐrｏducｅｄoｎｔheassemｂlyｌine。B)Theyｗｅrｅｂuiltｗiｔhlｅssｃｏｓtｌyｍａｔerialｓ。Ｃ)TheｙwｅｒｅmodelｅｄafterＢｒｉtishcarｓ。D）Theywerｅmadefoｒｏｒｄｉnaｒyuse。25。A）Iｔmaｄenｅwsａllｏvｅｒthewｏrld。B)ItwasbｕilｔｆorｔｈeRｏyaｌｆaｍily。Ｃ)Itmaｒkedanｅｗeraｉnmｏtorｔｒａveｌ。D)Iｔａttracｔｅｄｌargeｎｕmｂersｏｆmotｏriｓtｓ。ＰartIＩIReadｉnｇComｐreheｎsiｏn（40ｍinuteｓ)SｅcｔｉonADireｃtiｏns：Ｉntｈｉssｅｃtiｏn,thereisaｐasｓaｇewiｔhteｎblａnｋs。Yｏuarerｅｑuiｒｅdtosｅｌectｏnewordforeaｃhblanｋfrｏmalistｏfchoicesgiveｎiｎaworｄbaｎkfolｌowinｇtｈeｐａssage。Rｅadtheｐassａｇｅtｈｒoughｃａrefuｌｌybeforeｍａkingyouｒchoiceｓ。Eａchcｈoiceinｔhebａｎkisiｄentifiedbyａletter。PｌeaｓemarkｔhｅｃorreｓpondinglｅtteｒfｏreacｈｉteｍoｎAnswerＳｈeeｔ2wiｔhａsiｎgleｌinethroughtheｃentrｅ。Ｙoumａynotuｓｅanyｏｆｔhｅwｏrdsintｈebankmorethａnonｃe。Ｑｕeｓtioｎs2６tｏ3５ａｒebaseｄonｔhepassageｙouｈavｅjuｓｔhｅard。Physｉcalａctivｉtｙdoｅsthｅbｏdyｇｏod,aｎdtｈｅrｅ’ｓgrowingevidｅncｅｔhatithelpsｔhｅbrａｉntoo。ResearchｅrsinｔheＮethｅrlaｎdsreｐｏrtｔhatchｉlｄreｎwｈoｇetmｏｒeｅxeｒciｓe，whethｅratschoolｏｒontheｉｒown，2６tohavehigherGPＡsａnｄｂetterscｏreｓｏｎｓｔandardizeｄｔests。Ｉna27oｆ１4ｓtudiesthatlookｅdatphysｉcalactｉvityandａｃadeｍｉc2８，iｎvestigａtｏrｓfoｕndtｈatthｅｍoreｃhildｒenｍoved，theｂｅttｅrｔheｉrgrａdesweｒeｉｎschｏｏｌ，29iｎtｈebasｉcsｕbｊeｃｔsofmatｈ，Engliｓhaｎdｒeaｄing。Thｅdatａwiｌｌｃerｔainlyfｕeltheonｇoingｄｅbaｔeoverwhｅｔhｅrpｈysicaledｕcaｔiｏnclaｓｓｅsshouldｂecutasschooｌsｓtｒuggleｔo30onsｍalleｒｂudgets。Thｅarguｍeｎtsagainstｐhysicaledｕcationｈａvｅinclｕdｅｄｃonｃernsthａtgyｍｔimeｍaybｅtakｉngaｗayfromstuｄytime。WｉthstａnｄardiｚｅdtｅstｓｃorｅsinthｅU.S。31iｎｒｅcentyears，someadmiｎistｒａtorｓbｅlievestudentsnｅedtospendmｏrｅtimeinthecｌaｓsrｏomｉnsｔeadoｆoｎtheplaｙｇrouｎd。Butａsthｅsｅfｉndingsshｏｗ,ｅxｅｒｃｉsｅａndacａｄemicｓmaynotbe3２ｅxｃlusiｖe。Phyｓｉcalａcｔiｖｉtycanimproveｂloｏd３３toｔｈebrａｉｎ，ｆueｌiｎgmｅmory,attｅｎtionandｃreａtivity,ｗhichare3４tｏlearniｎｇ。Andｅxercisｅｒeleasｅｓhorｍｏnｅｓthaｔcaｎiｍprove35anｄreｌｉｅｖestresｓ，ｗhicｈｃａnaｌsoheｌplｅａｒｎing。Sowhileｉtｍａyseｅmasifｋｉｄｓarｅjuｓtexeｒcｉsinｇtheｉｒbodieswhentheｙ’reｒunｎｉｎgａround,theymayactuaｌlybeexeｒcisinｇｔheirｂraiｎsasweｌl。注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A)atｔendaｎcｅＢ）cｏnｓequentlyC）ｃuｒｒenｔD)ｄepreｓsingE）ｄroppiｎｇF）essenｔialG)feasibleH)ｆlowＩ)mｏｏdＪ)mｕtuallyK)ｐａrticｕｌarlyL)pｅrｆorｍaｎｃeＭ)reviｅwＮ)survｉveO)tendSectioｎBＤiｒｅctions:Inthissectiｏn，ｙｏuareｇoingｔｏreａdａpassagewiｔｈｔenstateｍｅnｔｓａttachedtoit。Eaｃhsｔatementcontainsiｎfｏrmationｇivenｉｎonｅofｔhｅｐaragrａphs。Idｅｎtifyｔheparaｇraphｆrｏmwｈichｔheｉｎｆoｒｍatioｎisdｅｒｉvｅd。Ｙoｕmaychoosｅaｐaragraｐhｍoreｔｈaｎonce。Eachparagrａphisｍarｋeｄwiｔhalｅｔｔer。AnｓwertheqｕestiｏnｓbｙmａrkiｎgｔhecorreｓpondingｌeｔtｅｒonAｎswｅrShｅｅt2。ＦiｎdingtｈeＲiｇhtHome—andCoｎteｎtmenｔ，Too［A]Whenｙoｕｒeｌderlyｒｅｌaｔiveneｅｄstoeｎtersomｅｓortoflong－terｍcａrｅfaｃｉｌity—amomenｔfｅｗparentsorchｉlｄrenapproaｃｈwｉｔhoutfear—whatyｏuｗｏｕldlikeｉｓtoｈaｖeeｖerythｉｎgｍadｅｃｌeaｒ。[B]Ｄoeｓassｉstedlivｉngreallymarkａｇｒｅatimpｒovemeｎtoｖｅrａnｕrsiｎghome,orhastｈeindustrysimplyｈｉredbetteｒintｅｒiordesiｇnｅrs？Aｒeｎursingｈomeｓaｓbadaｓpｅoplefear,ｏｒistｈatａnout-modｅdstereotype（固定见解)?Canｄoｉｎｇoｎe’shomewoｒkreａllｙsteeｒｆａｍiliesｔotheｂestpｌａcｅｓ?Ｉtisgenｕinｅlyhａrdｔoknｏw。［C]Iamabouttomakethｉｎgsmorｅｃompｌiｃateｄbyｓuggeｓtiｎgthatｗhatkｉndoｆｆacｉｌityaｎolderｐｅｒsｏｎliｖesinmaｙmａｔtｅrlesｓｔhａnweｈavｅａssｕmed。Ａndｔｈattｈｅcｈaractｅristicsａｄulｔcｈiｌｄrenlooｋforwheｎtｈeyｂeｇintheseａrcｈarenｏtｎecessarilytｈｅｔｈinｇｓthａtｍａｋeａdｉfｆerencetotｈeｐeoplｅwｈｏaｒegｏingtｏmｏｖeｉn。Ｉamnｏｔtalｋingaｂｏｕtｔhequalityｏfcare，letｍehａstilyadd。Nobodｙｆlourishｅsinａgｌｏomyeｎｖiroｎｍenｔwithｉrｒespｏnsiｂlesｔaffandａｐoorｓafｅtyrecord。Butanａccumｕlatingｂodyｏfｒｅsearｃｈindicatｅsthａtsｏmediｓtｉncｔｉonｓbeｔｗeenｏｎｅｔypeofeldercarｅandａｎotherhavｅｌittlｅrealｂeaｒingonhowwｅllresiｄentsdo。[D]Ｔheｍｏstｒｅcentofthｅsｅstｕdies,publisｈedｉnThejｏuｒnalofＡppliedGerontologｙ,surveｙed150Connｅcｔicutresｉdeｎtsｏｆａsｓisｔedlivｉnｇ,nuｒsingｈｏmeｓandsmaｌlｅrｒesｉdentiaｌcarｅｈｏmｅs（ｋｎownｉnsoｍesｔatｅsasboardａndｃareｈomeｓoｒａdｕｌｔｃarehｏmes)。RｅｓearchersfｒｏmtheUｎiｖersiｔyofCoｎｎecticｕtＨｅalｔhCenｔerasｋedtheｒｅｓiｄentｓalargｅnumbｅｒofquｅstｉonｓabｏuｔtheirquａｌityofｌifｅ，emotiｏnalｗell-beinｇandsｏcialinｔｅｒactｉon，asweｌlasaboutthequａlityｏfthｅfaciｌitieｓ。［Ｅ］“Wethoughｔwewｏulｄseediffｅrenceｓbasedｏnｔhehousiｎgtyｐes,”saｉdthｅｌeadauthoｒoftheｓｔudy，JulｉeRｏｂison，aｎassoｃiatepｒofessorofmｅｄiciｎeatｔｈeuｎiversity。Areａsonaｂleassumpｔion—don’ｔfａmiliesstｒｕｇｇleｔoavoidｎｕｒsingｈoｍeｓaｎdsuffｅrrｅalgｕiｌtiｆthｅycan’t?[F]Iｎｔheiｎitialresuｌts，ａｓsistｅdlivingresidｅntｓｄidpaintｔhemｏstpositivepicturｅ。Theｙwerelessliｋｅlytoｒｅpｏrtｓｙmｐtomsofdepｒessiｏnthａntｈｏseｉnｔheotheｒfacilities,forinｓｔance,andｌesslikelytoｂebｏredorｌｏnely。Theyｓcｏrｅdhiｇheronsoｃｉalintｅｒａction。［G]Ｂｕtｗｈｅｎtｈｅresｅarcherspluggｅdinａｎｕmberofotｈervａriables,sｕｃｈdifｆerencesdisapｐeaｒeｄ。Itiｓnottheｈoｕsｉngtyｐe,ｔheyfounｄ,tｈaｔcｒeatesdifferencesｉｎｒesideｎts’resｐonseｓ。“Ｉtisthｅｃｈaracteristiｃｓofthｅspeｃifｉｃenｖiroｎmeｎttheｙarｅin，combinedwithｔheiroｗnpｅrsoｎalchaｒａcterisｔiｃs—hｏwhealｔhｙｔhｅｙfeelｔheyarｅ，thｅiraｇｅaｎdmaritalstatus，”Dr。Rｏｂiｓonexplａｉned。Whetｈeｒrｅsiｄentsfｅｌtinvolvｅdintｈedecisioｎtoｍｏｖeanｄhowlongthｅyhadlｉｖｅdtｈereａvedｓignificant。［Ｈ]Anｅｌｄerlyｐeｒsonwhｏdｅｓcribesｈeｒsｅlfａｓinpoorｈｅaｌｔｈ，ｔｈeｒｅfore，ｍiｇｈｔbｅnｏlessdｅpressedinassｉsｔｅdｌiving(eｖenｉfherchilｄrenｐrｅfeｒrediｔ)ｔｈaniｎａｎuｒsinghome。Ａpersonwhoｂadｉnputintｏwherehewｏuｌdmoveandｈａshadtｉｍetoadapttoitmｉghtdoasweｌｌinanursｉｎghomeａsinasｍallresｉdentialｃarｅｈomｅ,otｈeｒfactorsbeingeqｕal。Itiｓａnｉｎteractionbetweｅnthｅpｅrsoｎanｄtheplace，notｔｈesorｔｏfplaceｉnitself，tｈaｔleａｄstobetteｒoｒworseexpeｒienｃｅs。“Ｙｏucan’ｔjustsay，‘Lｅｔ’ｓputtｈｉspersoninaresidｅntiａｌcarｅhomeinｓtｅaｄoｆａnuｒsｉnｇhｏmｅ—ｓheｗillｂemuchｂetteroｆf，”Ｄr。Robisonsaid。Ｗhatmaｔters，shｅaｄdeｄ，“isaｃoｍbｉnatiｏnofwｈaｔpｅoplebringiｎwｉththeｍ,aｎdwｈａtｔheyfinｄthere。”[Ｉ]Sｕchfinｄｉｎgs，ｗhiｃhrunｃountertoｃｏｍｍonsｅnse，hａｖesｕｒｆaｃeｄｂeｆore。Inamulti-statestudｙofassisｔedlｉving,ｆｏｒｉnstaｎcｅ,UｎiversityofＮoｒthCarolｉｎaresearcｈeｒｓfｏunｄthａｔahosｔｏfvariａbles—thefacility’stype,sizeorage;ｗhetｈeracｈainｏwneｄiｔ;howattｒactivｅｔheneiｇｈborhoｏｄwａs—ｈａdｎosｉgｎｉｆｉcantrelationshiptoｈoｗｔherｅｓideｎtsfaredｉｎteｒmsoｆillness,mentaldｅcline,hospitalｉzaｔioｎsoｒmorｔaｌitｙ。Wｈａtｍatteredmostwastｈeresiｄenｔｓ’physiｃalheaｌthandmentalsｔatus。Whatpeopleweｒｅlｉkｅｗｈentheｙcameinhａdgreatercｏnsequenceｔhaｎwhathappenedoｎｅtheywｅretheｒｅ。[J］AsIwascoｎsｉderinｇallthis,apressreｌeaseｆrｏmarespectedｒｅｓeａrchfｉrmｃroｓsedｍydｅｓk,aｎｎouncinｇthatthefivｅ－ｓtarｒatinｇsysｔeｍthatＭedicａredeｖｅloｐediｎ20２3ｔohｅlpｆａmiliescomparenursinghomequaｌityalsｏhａslitｔlｅｒelatｉonｓｈiptｏｈowsatiｓｆiedｉtｓresidｅntsoｒtheirfamilymeｍｂｅrsare。Asamatteroffact,consumｅrsexpressｅｄhigheｒｓａtisfactiｏｎｗitｈtheone-stａｒfaciliｔies,ｔheloweｓtrａtｅd,thanwiththefive-sｔａrones。（Moreonｔhiｓｓtudyａnｄthestaｒratiｎgswillaｐpearinasubｓeqｕｅntｐost。)[K]Befｏrｅwecollectivｅlyｔｅaroｕrhａｉrｏｕt—hｏwarewesupposｅｄｔofindouｒwaｙinalａndscapeｔhisｃonfusiｎg？—herｅisatｈouｇｈtfｒomＤr。PhiｌｉｐＳloａｎe,agｅriａtｒｉciａn(老年病学专家)atｔhｅUniversiｔyｏfNoｒｔhCarolina：“Inaｗay，thａtｃoｕlｄbｅｌiberaｔinｇfoｒfamiｌies。”[L]Ofcoｕrse，ｓonsaｎddauｇｈｔeｒswａnttoｖisｉtthefaciliｔieｓ,tａlktotheadmiｎiｓtratorsａnｄreｓidenｔsaｎdoｔhｅrｆamiｌiｅs，ａｎｄｄoeverythｉngpoｓsibｌetofulfiｌltｈeirduties。Butperhａｐｓｔheyｄｏn’ｔhavetoturnthemselveｓiｎｔopｒｉvateinvestiｇaｔorsｏrCｏngreｓsｉonaｌsubcｏmmｉttｅes。“Ｆaｍiｌiescanｌooｋabiｔmoreforwhｅreｔｈeresiｄeｎtsaregoingtoｂｅhappy,”Ｄr。Sloanesaid。Andiｎvolvingｔhefutｕｒeresidentinｔheprｏｃｅｓｓcanbeverｙimportant。［M]Ｗealｌｈaｖeouroｗnｉdeaｓaboｕtｗhaｔwoulｄbringourpaｒentshapｐiｎess。Theyhavｅｔheｉｒideas，toｏ。Ａfrｉendreｃeｎtlytoｏｋhermotｈeｒtovｉsｉtanｅｘpensivｅａsｓistedｌiving／nurｓiｎghomｅneaｒｍyｔown。Ihaveｓeentｈｉｓｐlａce—itiseｌeｇant,insiｄeaｎdｏut。Bｕｔｎobodygreｅtedtheｄaughｔerandmotｈerwheｎtheｙarｒｉｖed,thouｇhｔhevisitｈａdbｅenｐlaｎneｄ;ｎｏboｄyｉntroｄucedthｅｍtothｅothｅrresｉdents。Ｗｈenｔheyｈadlunｃｈｉｎtｈediniｎｇroom，theysataloneａtaｔable。［N］Thedａughｔeｒｆｅａｒｅdhermotｈerwouldbｅigｎoredtｈｅre,aｎdsoshedeｃｉｄｅdtomovehｅoａmｏreweｌcominｇfａｃilitｙ。Bａseｄonwhatiseｍerｇinｇfroｍsomeoｆtｈｉsｒｅｓｅarｃh,ｔhatmigｈｔhaｖebeenasraｔｉonaｌawayasａｎytoreachadecｉｓioｎ。３6。Mａnypeｏpｌeｆｅｅlguilｔyｗheｎｔheｙcannotfindaplａｃｅｏｔherthanａｎursｉnｇhomｅfortheirparｅntｓ。37．Ｔhoughitｈelｐsforchildrｅnｔoｉｎｖestiｇａtecaｒeｆacilｉties,involvingtｈeirｐarentsｉntheｄｅciｓion－makｉｎgproceｓsmａyprｏｖeveｒyｉｍporｔant。38．Ｉtisreaｌlｙdifficulttotelｌiｆassistｅdlivingisｂetｔerthanａnuｒｓiｎghoｍe。39.Hｏwareｓidentfeelsdｅpenｄｓｏｎanｉnteractｉonbetweenｔhemselｖesａｎdthecａｒｅｆacilitｙｔheyｌｉvein。40.Tｈｅautｈorｔｈinksherfｒiｅｎdmadｅａrａtiｏnalｄecisioninchoｏsｉｎgａｍｏrehoｓpitａbｌeplaceoveｒanapparentｌｙeleｇantasｓiｓteｄlｉvｉnghｏme。41．TｈｅsｙsｔeｍＭｅｄiｃarｅdeｖelｏpｅdtoraｔenurｓiｎghomequａｌｉtyisofｌiｔtlｅhelptｏfindiｎgasatｉｓfactｏryplaｃｅ。4２.Atｆirsｔtherｅsearcｈerｓｏfｔhemostreｃentｓｔuｄyfoundｒesiｄeｎtsｉｎasｓiｓtｅｄliｖiｎｇfａcilitiesgａveｈiｇhersｃorｅsonsocialinｔｅrａｃｔｉon。43.Ｗｈatkindofcarefａciｌityoldｐｅopｌeliveiｎmayｂelesｓｉmpｏrｔaｎｔｔhanwethink。44．Thefindingsoftｈｅlａtｅstreseaｒcｈwerｅsiｍilａrtｏａnｅarｌiermultｉ-statｅstｕdyoｆassｉstｅdlivinｇ。45．Ａrｅsident’sｓatisfacｔｉonｗiｔhａcarefaciｌiｔyｈaｓｍuｃｈtodｏwiｔhｗhetherthｅyhadｐartiｃipａtedｉnｔhedeｃisioｎｔomｏveinａｎdhowlongtheyhadｓtａyeｄtherｅ。ＳecｔiｏnCDireｃtiｏｎs:Thｅreare２passaｇesinｔｈｉssectiｏn。Eaｃhpassageisfolloｗｅdｂysｏｍequestｉonsoｒunfinisheｄｓtateｍents。ＦoreachofthｅmtｈereａrｅｆourchoiceｓｍarkeｄA)，Ｂ)，C)aｎdＤ）。YouｓｈoulddecidｅonthｅｂesｔchoiceａｎdｍarｋthecorrespｏndｉnglettｅｒｏnAnswerＳheｅｔ2wiｔｈasinglelinethrouｇhthecentｒe。PassaｇeｏnｅＱuestionｓ４６ｔｏ５0aｒebａｓedonthefolｌowiｎgpassagｅ。AsAｒtificｉａlInｔｅｌliｇencｅ(AI）ｂｅcomesincｒｅaｓinglｙsophisticａted,therｅaｒegｒowｉｎｇｃoｎcｅrnsthａｔｒｏbｏtscouｌｄbecomeathreat。Thｉsdａngerｃaｎbｅａvoｉded，acｃordiｎｇtoｃompｕｔerｓcｉenceｐｒofessoｒStuａｒtＲusｓeｌl,ｉfwefiｇｕreouthowtotuｒnhumａnｖａluｅsｉnｔoaprｏgrammaｂlecｏdｅ。Ｒussellａrgueｓthａtasｒｏbotstaｋｅoｎmoreｃompｌicatedtaｓkｓ,iｔ’ｓnｅｃesｓarytｏtraｎslａｔeoｕrmoralsintoAIlaｎguagｅ。Fｏrexample,ifarobｏtdoeschoｒｅｓaroｕndthehｏuse，yｏｕwｏuｌdn’twantitｔopｕtthｅpetｃatinthｅoventｏmakedinnｅrｆorｔｈeｈungrｙchｉldren。“Youwｏuldwaｎｔtｈatrobｏtpｒｅloａdｅｄwｉtｈagoodｓetofｖalues,”saｉdRｕsseｌl。Somerobｏtsarｅａｌreadｙpｒｏgrammｅdwiｔｈｂaｓｉｃhumaｎｖａｌｕｅs。Forexａmｐle，moｂｉｌeｒobotshavｅbｅenprｏgｒaｍmedtokeepacｏmfortａbｌedistanｃｅｆrｏｍｈｕmans。Ｏbviｏｕslyｔheｒｅarｅcuｌｔuraldｉffｅrｅnces，bｕtｉfyouwｅrｅtalkinｇtｏaｎotherｐersonandtheycamｅupｃlｏseinyoｕrpｅrsｏnａlspａｃｅ，youwoｕlｄn’ｔthinkthaｔ’sｔheｋinｄoｆtｈingａｐrｏpeｒlybｒｏughｔ-uppersonwouldｄo。Itｗillｂｅpｏｓｓibｌetocreateｍoresophisｔicateｄmorａlmacｈｉｎes，iｆonlｙwecanfｉndawaytｏsetouｔhumａｎvaluesasｃlearruleｓ。Ｒobｏtscouｌdalsoｌearnvａlｕｅsfrｏmdrａwinｇpatternsfｒomlaｒgｅseｔsｏfｄａtaoｎhumanbehａvｉor。Theyａredaｎgerｏｕｓｏnlｙiｆprogrammｅrsareｃarelｅss。Ｔhebiggeｓtconcｅrnwithｒoｂoｔsgoiｎgagａinsthuｍａnｖaluｅsistｈathｕmanｂeingsｆailtoｓｏsuｆｆｉcienｔｔeｓtｉngａnｄthey’ｖeproｄucｅｄasystｅmthatwｉllbｒeaｋsoｍｅkｉｎdｏfｔaｂoo(禁忌)。Onesimplecheｃkwouｌdbeｔｏｐrｏｇｒamaroboｔtoｃｈeｃkｔheｃoｒｒectcｏurｓeｏfａｃtｉｏｎwitｈａｈumａnwheｎpreseｎｔedwithａｎｕnusualsituatiｏｎ。Iｆtherobｏｔｉsunsuｒeｗhetheranａnimａｌｉｓsｕitａblｅforｔhemicrｏwave,iｔｈasthｅoppoｒｔｕnｉtytostｏp,ｓeｎｄoutｂeeps(嘟嘟声),andａskfordireｃtｉonsfromａhumａn。Ifwehumansaren’tｑｕitesureaboutaｄecision，ｗｅgｏａｎdａｓksoｍebｏdyelsｅ。Tｈemoｓtｄiffｉｃultstｅpiｎprogrammingvaluｅｓwｉllbeｄeｃiｄingexａctlｙwｈatｗebelieveｉnｍorａl，ａｎdhowｔｏcrｅateasetofethicalruｌｅs。Butifwｅcomeupｗｉtｈanａnsweｒ，rｏbｏｔscoｕｌdｂegoodforhumａｎｉｔy。４6.Wｈａtdoesｔheａuｔhorｓayabｏutthethreａtofroboｔs?A)Ｉtmayconｓtituteacｈallengeｔocomｐuteｒprogｒａnmｅrs。B）Ｉtａｃcoｍpaｎiesallmachineryｉnvolvinghighｔeｃhｎology。C)Ｉtｃanbeａvoidｅdifhumanvaluesaｒeｔｒaｎslatｅdｉntothｅｉｒlaｎgｕage。Ｄ）Ｉthasbecｏmｅaｎiｎevｉtableperilastecｈnologygｅtsmoｒeｓｏphistiｃateｄ。４7.Wｈatｗｏuｌdwethinkｏfapersonｗhｏinｖａｄesoｕrｐｅrsonａｌsｐａceacｃｏｒｄｉnｇｔｏtｈeauｔｈor?A)Ｔhｅyａreagｇresｓｉve。B)Tｈeyａrｅoutgoinｇ。C)Tｈｅｙareｉgnorant。D)Theyａreｉll-ｂrｅd。48.Ｈowdorobotslｅarnhuｍaｎｖalues？A)Ｂyinteraｃtingｗiｔhhｕｍａnsineverydａｙlifesｉtuationｓ。Ｂ)Ｂyfolｌoｗingｔhedailyroutinesｏｆcivilｉzｅｄｈuｍａnbeiｎgs。Ｃ)Byｐｉckinguppatｔernsｆromｍassiveｄaｔａonhｕｍａｎｂeｈavior。D)Byiｍｉtatｉnｇｔｈｅbｅｈaviｏｒofpｒｏｐertybroughｔ-uphｕmanbeｉngs。４9.Ｗhatwillaｗｅll-progrａmｍｅｄrobotdｏwheｎfacinganunusuaｌsituatioｎ？A）ｋeｅｐａdisｔancefroｍｐｏssibｌedangｅrs。Ｂ)Sｔoptoseeｋadｖiｃefｒomａｈｕmanbｅｉng。C)Trigｇeriｔsbuilt-ｉｎalarmsysｔemａtoｎce。D)Dｏsuffｉｃienttestingｂeforetakｉngａctｉon。50.Wｈatisｍosｔdifｆicｕlttodowhenweturnhumanvalueｓｉｎtoaprｏgｒammablｅcodｅ?Ａ）Determineｗhatisｍoｒalandeｔhiｃaｌ。Ｂ)Desigｎsoｍelａrge-sｃaｌｅexpｅrimｅnts。C)Ｓetｒuｌesforｍａn-ｍerａctｉon。D)Developaｍoresophisｔicatｅｄprogｒam。PasｓagｅTｗoQuｅstionｓ51to５5areｂaseｄonｔhefollｏｗｉｎgpasｓage。Ｗhydoｓomepeopleliｖetoｂeoｌdertｈanｏtheｒs?Youkｎｏｗｔhestanｄardeｘplanａｔiｏｎs:keepｉｎgamoderateｄiet,ｅngagiｎgiｎregularexerciｓe,etc。Bｕtwhatefｆectdoesyｏurpｅrｓonaｌitｙhaｖｅｏｎyourlongeviｔy（长寿)?Doｓomekindsofpｅrsonａlｉtiｅsleadtｏlongerlivｅs?AnｅｗstudyinｔheＪｏurnaloｆｔheAｍerｉｃａnＧerｉatriｃsSｏcietylｏoｋeｄatthisquesｔionbｙｅxaminingｔheｐersｏnalitycｈａractｅrisｔｉｃsof246childｒenoｆpｅoplewhｏhａｄlivedｔobｅａtleast１00。Thesｔudｙshowsthａtｔhoselivingｔhｅlｏngeｓtaremoｒeｏutgoinｇ,moｒeａcｔiveａｎｄｌessｎeurotｉc(神经质的)thanｏｔheｒpeople。Loｎg-livinｇwｏmenarｅalsoｍorｅlｉkeｌytobｅsyｍｐatｈeｔicanｄcｏoperaｔivethanwomenｗithanorｍallifeｓｐａn。Theseｆindｉngsareinａgｒeementwithｗｈatyouwoulｄexpｅｃtｆｒomtheevolutiｏnａｒｙtheoｒｙ：ｔhoｓewholiｋｅtomａkeｆrｉｅｎdsａndｈelpｏｔhersｃangatｈeｒeｎoｕghresourcesｔｏmakeitthroｕｇｈｔoughｔｉmeｓ。Iｎtereｓtiｎgly,hoｗeｖer,ｏtherchaｒａctｅｒisｔicsthaｔyoumigｈtconｓｉｄｅradvantagｅouｓhadnoｉｍpaｃtｏｎｗheｔherstudyparticipantｓwｅreｌiｋｅｌyｔolivelonger。Ｔｈoｓewhoｗｅrｅmoreself-diｓｃiｐlined，foriｎsｔａnｃe,ｗereｎomorelｉkｅlytolｉvｅtoｂeveryｏld。Alｓo,beｉｎgopｅnｔｏnewidｅashａdnorelatｉonｓhipｔoｌongｌｉｆｅ,ｗhichmiｇhｔｅｘplａiｎalltｈoｓeｂaｄ－temperedｏldpeoplewhoaｒefixedintｈeirwａys。Wｈetheryouｃansuccｅssｆullycｈaｎgeｙoｕｒpeｒsｏnａlitｙasanadｕltｉsthesｕbｊecｔofalonｇstanｄｉｎｇpsychｏlogｉcaｌｄeｂate。Ｂｕtｔhenewｐaｐｅrsｕｇｇeststｈａtifyouwaｎtｌonｇlｉfe，youｓｈouldstrivetｏbｅａsoutgｏｉngａsｐosｓible。Unfortunatｅlｙ,ａnotheｒreｃentstuｄｙｓhｏwsthatyoｕrmother’ｓpersonaliｔymayalsｏｈelpdetermineyourlongeｖitｙ。Thatsｔudylookeｄaｔnearly28，0０0Norwegianmothersａｎdfoundthatthosemomswｈowｅremorｅanｘiouｓ，ｄeprｅｓsedａndangrｙwerｅmorelikｅlｙｔｏfeedtｈeirkidsunhealtｈydieｔs。Ｐａtternsofｃhilｄｈｏｏｄeatiｎgcａnｂeｈarｄtｏbreakｗhenwe’rｅaｄults，ｗhiｃhｍaymeantｈatkidsｏfｄeprｅssedmomsendupdｙｉnｇyounｇｅr。Peｒsoｎalｉｔyisn’ｔｄｅstiny(命运)，anｄeｖeryoｎeｋnowsthatindiｖｉdｕaｌscanlearｎｔｏchanｇe。Bｕｔbothｓtudｉesshowthatｌonglｉfeisｎ’tｊustamatteroｆyourphysｉｃalhealthbｕtofyourmｅｎtａlｈealth。51。TheaimofthｅｓｔudyinthｅJourｎalofｔheAｍericanＧeriaｔricｓSoｃieｔyｉs＿___。A)tosｅｅwheｔherｐeople’sｐeｒｓｏnalitｙafｆectstheirｌifespanB）tofiｎdoutｉfonｅ’slｉｆestylehasanyeffｅctontheirhｅaｌtｈＣ)tｏiｎvｅstｉgatetheroｌeｏfeｘercisｅinliｖｉngalongliｆeD)toexamineallthｅfａcｔorsconｔrｉbutingtolongｅviｔy52。Ｗhatdｏesthｅautｈｏｒiｍplｙａboｕtｏutgoｉｎｇaｎdｓympatheticpeoplｅ?A)Ｔheｙhａｖeagoodｕｎdeｒstａndｉｎｇoｆevoluｔｉｏn。B)Theyarebettｅratｎegotiａtiｎgａnagｒｅemenｔ。C)Theygenerallｙappeaｒmoreresourceｆｕl。D)Tｈeｙareｍoreｌikelｙtogeｔoverhardshiｐ。５3。Whａtfindｉngoftheｓtuｄymｉghtpｒovesomewhatｏｕtofourｅxpectation?Ａ)Easｙ-goingpeｏplｅcaｎalsｏｌivearelativelylonｇliｆｅ。B)Peｒｓonａlitycｈaｒacteristｉcsthatproｖeadｖanｔaｇｅoｕsactｕalｌyｖarywithtimeｓ。Ｃ)Suchperｓonalｉtｙcharacｔerｉsticｓassｅｌｆ-discｉpｌineｈavenoeffｅcｔoｎlｏngevitｙ。D)Reａdｉnesstｏaccｅptnewiｄeａsheｌｐsoｎｅenｊoｙlｏngevity。54。WhatdoesｔhｅrecentstｕｄyｏｆNorwegianmｏｔheｒsｓｈow?A）Ｃhilｄren’spersoｎａlityｃhａｒaｃteristicsarｅinvaｒiablｙdetｅrminedｂｙthｅirｍotheｒs。Ｂ)Peoplｅwitｈｕｎheａlthyeatｉnghabiｔsａrelikeｌｙtｏｄiesooｎer。C)Ｍothers’ｉnflueｎceonｃhildrenｍａylasｔloｎgeｒthanfａthｅrｓ’。D)Moｔhｅｒs’nｅgaｔｉｖeｐｅrsonａlｉtychａracteristiｃsmａyafｆｅcｔｔｈeｉrchilｄren’sliｆｅsｐans。55.Wｈaｔcanwelｅａｒnfromthefindinｇsoｆｔｈetｗoｎewｓtudies?A)Anｘiｅtyaｎddｅｐressioｎmｏreoｆtenthａｎnotcuｔｓhortoｎe’ｓliｆｅsｐａn。B)Longeｖitｙｒｅsuｌtsfrｏmaｃombinationofｍentalanｄｐhｙsicaｌheａｌth。C)Peｒｓｏnalitｙｐｌａｙsａdｅcisivｅrｏleinｈowhｅaltｈyonｅis。Ｄ)Heａｌthisｉnlaｒｇepａrｔreｌａtedtｏｏne’sｌiｆesｔyle。ＰartIVTrａnslatｉon(30minutｅs)Dｉreｃtionｓ:Ｆｏrｔｈispaｒt，ｙoｕａreａｌlowed30miｎutestｏｔranslatｅapaｓsagefrｏmCｈiｎeseintoEngｌish。ＹｏushｏuｌｄwriteyouransweronｔheＡNSWERSHEＥT2。功夫(KongFu)是中国武术（martｉaｌａrｔs）的俗称。中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要,狩猎活动以及古代中国的军士训练。它是中国传统体育运动的一种，年轻人和老年人都练。它已逐渐演变成了中国文化的独特元素。作为中国的国宝，武术有上百种不同的风格，是世界上练得最多的武术形式。有些风格模仿了动物的动作,尚有一些则受到了中国哲学思想,神话和传说的启发。【完整版】２023年6月英语四级真题及答案解析(卷一）参考范文DearJａck,Iamwriｔingtoexpressmyｈｅａrtfｅltgratｉtudeforｔhecoｎtiｎｕousassｉstancｅyouaｎdyoｕｒfaｍilｙhavｅofｆeredtｏｍetheseyｅaｒs.Ｆｉrstly,yourｃontinuouｓhelphaｖｅmaｄemｅaｓplenｄｉｄaｃadeｍｉcachｉeveｍｅntinｍ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