选修11文档单元检测1

单元检测Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)ABeaches，rainforests，samba，soccer...and，mostimportantly，people：it'shardnottofallforBrazil.InAug.，CNNreleasedalistofthingsBrazildoesbetterthananywhereelse.Thefollowingarefourofthem.PlayfulnessIt'sakeypartoftheBrazilianpersonality：awillingnesstolaughatthemselvesandtheirawkwardsituationsandtowelcomeothersinonthejoke.Butdespitetheirproblems，Brazilianscanputthemasideandcentertheirawarenesscompletelyonthehereandnow，whichissomethingtherestoftheworldcouldlearnfrom.MusicBrazilisamusicuniverse，unrivaled(无与伦比的)indiversityofmusicalstyles，instrumentsandrhythms.Theworldknowssamba，amixofEuropeanmarchesandAfricandrumming，andbossanova，aslowersambainfused(注入)withFrenchimpressionismandAmericanjazz.ButBrazil'sdiversepopulationmovestothebeatofmanydifferentdrummers.PartyingCelebratingisapriorityforBrazilians，whetherit'sonalargescaleorjustabackyardbarbecue.Theythrowtwooftheworld'sbiggestparties，Carnival(ThestreetcarnivalofRiodeJaneiroisdesignatedbyGuinnessWorldRecordsasthelargestcarnivalintheworld.)，andtheNewYear'sReveilloncelebration.KissesGettingtoknowpeopleinBrazilisafast－trackprocess.Theydon'tcaretoomuchaboutpersonalandemotionalspace.Akissonbothcheeksistraditionalforamalewhohasbeenintroducedtoanadultfemale，andtwomorekissesaregivenwhenleaving.InmostofBrazil，therearetwoairkissesgiveningreetings.Thefirstalwaysgoestotherightcheek，thesecondtotheleft.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，向我们介绍了巴西的一些特点，使我们充分领略了巴西独特的人文魅力。1．WhatcantheworldlearnfromBrazilians?A．Keepthework－lifebalance.B．Attempttoliveinthemoment.C．Takepartinculturalactivities.D．Expressemotionsopenlyandboldly.答案B[细节理解题。根据Playfulness部分中的“Butdespitetheirproblems，Brazlianscanputthemasideandcentertheirawarenesscompletelyonthehereandnow，whichissomethingtherestoftheworldcouldlearnfrom.”可知，巴西人能够把问题放到一边，把注意力集中在当下，即尽力活在当下这一点是世界其他国家应该学习的。]2．Howshouldamanbytraditiongreetawomanwhomheisintroducedto?A．Throughairkisses.B．Throughawarmhug.C．Throughcheekkissing.D．Throughafirmhandshake.答案C[细节理解题。根据Kisses部分中的“Akissonbothcheeksistraditionalforamalewhohasbeenintroducedtoanadultfemale”可知，当一位男性被介绍给一位成年女性时，亲吻女士的双颊是传统的打招呼的做法。故选C。]3．What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?A．TocallonpeopletovisitBrazil.B．TohighlightthecustomsofBrazil.C．TopresentpartsofBrazil'sbestbits.D．ToshowthecharacteristicsofBrazilians.答案C[写作意图题。根据文章内容尤其是第一段中的“else.TheCNNreleasedalistofthingsBrazildoesbetterthananywhereelse.Thefollowingarefourofthem.”可知，本文主要介绍的是巴西在世界上做得最好的几个方面。故选C。该题难点在对bit的理解上，该词在此意为“一部分，小块儿”。]BWhenitcomestowritingworkemails，therearemanyrulestofollow.Inthepast，peoplealwayswantedtocomeacrossassomeonewho'scalmandprofessional，whichworkplacemannersexpertssaymeanstheywantedtoholdbacktheirloveforemoticons(表情符号)whileonthejob.Butlanguageisalwayschanging，andarecentnationalsurveyintheUSfoundthat76percentofAmericanssaidthattheyhadusedemoticonsindigitalcommunicationatwork.Themostpopularemoticonisthehappyface.LindseyPollak，aUScareercoachwhoworkswithMillennials(千禧一代)，hasalsonoticedthatemoticonshavegonefrombeinginappropriatefortheworkplacetobeingaccepted.Thereasonbehindthis，accordingtoher，islargelyduetothechangingofpeopleinaparticularagegroupoftheworkforce.MillennialsarenowthebiggestgenerationintheAmericanworkforce.“Afewyearsago，emoticonswereabsolutelyseenasveryyoungandverypersonal，”Pollakyears...erthepastfewyears...I'veseenemoticonacceptable.Ieacceptable.IseethemmorefrequentlynotjustfromMillennialsbutfromallgenerationsattheworkplace.”“Peopletendtouseemoticonstojustaddthatlittlebitofextrachangeinthetonewhenthere'ssomethingawkwardorpotentiallyoffensive，orwhentheymighttakeinthingsinthewrongway，”explainsLaurenCollister，asociolinguist.Inlifeandwork，manyofushaveusedemoticonstosendpositiveatmosphereorsoftenstatements.Pollak，however，warnsagainstbeingtoocasualatwork.Heradviceistobeawareofwhotheaudienceis.“Frankly，Iwouldn'tuseahappyfacewithanyCEOintheUS.Iwouldn'tuseahappyfacewiththepeopleofacertainlevelnomatterhowcommonplaceandacceptableithasbecome，”shesaid.“Youcanmakeorbreakarelationshipwithoneemailthesedays.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍了表情符号在工作邮件中的使用越来越流行的原因以及人们对此要注意的方面。4．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutpastworkingpeople?A．Theywerecalmandprofessional.B．Theyusedmoreseriousemoticons.C．Theywerenotfondofemoticons.D．Theyavoidedusingemoticonsattheworkplace.答案D[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“theywantedtoholdbacktheirloveforemoticons(表情符号)whileonthejob”可知，以前的职员在工作中抑制自己对表情符号的喜爱，即避免使用表情符号。故选D。]5．Whatcanpeopleuseemoticonstodoattheworkplace?A．Makeitpersonaltocommunicate.B．Keepupwiththetrendofthetimes.C．Showapositiveattitudetothereceiver.D．Helpthemsharetheirideasandfeelings.答案C[推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，当尴尬或者可能冒犯别人的事情发生时，或者可能误解了某事时，人们往往会使用表情符号来稍微改变一下语气，营造积极的交流氛围或者让表达变得缓和。也就是说，在工作场合，人们可以通过表情符号来向接收者表达自己积极的态度。故选C。]6．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Emoticonsshouldbeusedwithcaution.B．Therearestrictlimitationsonemoticonusing.C．AlltheUSCEOsareagainsttheuseofemoticons.D．Emoticonscangreatlyhelpbringpeoplecloser.答案A[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Pollak，however，warnsagainstbeingtoocasualatwork.”“US.Iuldn'tuseahappyfacewithanyCEOintheUS.Iwouldn'tuseahappyfacewiththepeopleofacertainlevel”“Youcanmakeorbreakarelationshipwithoneemailthesedays”可知，人们在使用表情符号时要谨慎，要分场合分人，不能随意使用表情符号。]7．What'sthewriter'sattitudetowardstheuseofemoticonsatwork?A．Subjective. B．Objective.C．Doubtful. D．Opposing.答案B[作者态度题。纵观全文可知，作者既谈到了表情符号的流行及作用，也谈到了人们在使用表情符号时需要注意的地方。因此作者的态度是客观的，故选B。]CIwentnosetonosewithamouselastweek，andI'drathernotsaywhowon.Iwascookingwhenmyfriendphonedmetohelphercatchamouseshehadfoundinthekitchen.ThemousewasunderthefridgewhenIarrived.Thecatwasstandingguard，slowlyswingingitstail.Itriedtoputabroomhandlebeneaththefridgetoforceitout，butthereweretoomanywires.MyfriendpulledupachairatthetableandIpulledachairbesidethefridge，armedwithaplasticboxasmytrap.Itwasagoodplan，butasisusuallythecase，itdidn'tgoaccordingtoplan.Afterawhile，themouseputitsheadout.Ikneltdownonthefloorinfrontofthefridgeandangledtheboxtocreateano－escapetrap.ThemousemovedoutfartherandIputtheboxdownimmediately.Unfortunately，theonlythinginsidetheboxwasthemouse'stail，stillattachedtothemouse，whichwasnowstrugglingwithitslittlelegsinanattempttotake_to_its_heels.Thecatjustsat.Themousecrawled(爬)uponthebroomhandleI'dusedearlier，andwewerenoweyeballtoeyeball.IfI'dwantedto—andIdidn't—Icouldhaveseizeditwithmyteeth.IshoutedIneededsomethingelsetogetthemouse.Myfriendhandedmeanothercontainer.Iloweredboxtwooverthemouse'sbody,stillonthebroomhandle，withitstailstillinboxone.Despitemytwo－boxmove，themouseescapedandshotbackunderthefridge.ShortlyafterIleft，myfriendfoundthemouse.Itwasbathedinthesunlightinherbedroom.Thecatwassittingnexttoit，enjoyingtheraysaswell.Shesaidtheywereacutecouple.Learningfrommymistakes，shegotabox—andalid—andsaidthemouseallbutjumpedintheboxandhelpedhersealthelid.Justasmallchangebroughtaboutanunexpectedresult.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。猫和老鼠是冤家，和平相处似乎是不可能的。但在本篇文章里，猫和老鼠互不侵犯，相安无事。反而是作者和她的朋友大动干戈，想尽方法捉老鼠。8．WhatdoesthelastsentenceinParagraph2suggest?A．Theplanendedinfailure.B．Theplanwasn'tworthcarryingout.C．Theplanwasn'tcarriedoutproperly.D．Theplanprovedtobeanunexpectedone.答案A[推理判断题。第二段的最后一句的意思为：这是一个好计划，但是就像通常的情况那样，事情未按计划发展。再结合下文的内容可知，作者制订的捕鼠计划没能成功，以失败告终了。故选A。]9．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“taketoitsheels”mean?A．Goback. B．Standup.C．Fightback. D．Getaway.答案D[词义猜测题。根据下文中的“Themousecrawled(爬)uponthebroomhandle”“Despitemytwo－boxmove，themouseescapedandshotbackunderthefridge.”可知，此处指的是老鼠在奋力逃跑。由此可知，taketoone'sheels的意思应是“逃走，溜掉”，与getaway的意思相近。故选D。]10．Whatwerethemouseandthecatdoinginthebedroom?A．Enjoyingtheharmony.B．Comfortingeachother.C．Celebratingtheescape.D．Appreciatingtheview.答案A[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“bedroom.Thewell.Sheesunlightinherbedroom.Thecatwassittingnexttoit，enjoyingtheraysaswell.Shesaidtheywereacutecouple.”可知，老鼠和猫挨着在作者朋友的卧室里晒太阳。由此可知，它们在作者的朋友的卧室里和谐相处。故选A。]11．Whohadthelastlaugh?A．Theauthor. B．Theauthor'sfriend.C．Themouse. D．Thecat.答案B[推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，作者和朋友之前想尽办法，一心想捉住老鼠，但是失败了。作者走后，朋友从作者的失败中汲取教训，使老鼠自己跑进了陷阱里，作者的朋友成功抓到了老鼠，因此作者的朋友笑到了最后(即获得了胜利)。故选B。]DSomepeoplecallitatravelingmuseum.Othersrefertoitasalivingoropen－airmuseum.BuiltinBraziltohonorColumbus'firstvoyagetotheNewWorld，theNina，aColumbus－erareplica(复制品)ship，providesvisitorswithanaccuratevisualofthesizeandsailingequipmentofColumbus'favoriteshipfromover500yearsago.IjoinedthecrewoftheNinainGulfShores，Alabama，inFebruary2013.Aspartofaresearchprojectsponsoredbymyuniversity，mygoalwastodocumentmydaysaboardtheshipinablog.IquicklyrealizedthatIgainedthemostvaluableinsightswhenIobservedorgavetourstoschool－agechildren.Thefield－triptouroftheNinaishands－onlearningatitsbest.Inthissetting，studentscouldtouchtheline，passaroundaballaststone(压舱石)，andmovetheextremelylargetillerthatcontrolledthedirectionoftheshipsinColumbus'days.Theysooncametounderstandthelaborinvolvedinsailingtheshipbackinhistime.Iwaspleasedtoseethestudentsbecomeactiveparticipantsintheirlearningprocess.TheNinaisnottheonlytravelingmuseumthatprovidessuchfieldtrips.AvisittoJamestownSettlement，forexample，allowsvisitorstoboardthreerecreationsoftheshipsthatbroughtthefirstsettlersfromEnglandtoVirginiaintheearly1600s.Historicalguides，dressedinperiodcostumes，givetoursoftheSusanConstant，Godspeed，andDiscovery.Theseguidesoftenportrayacharacterthatwouldhavelivedandworkedduringthattimeperiod.Studentstouringtheseshipsareencouragedtointeractwiththeguidesinordertobetterunderstandthedailylifeinthepast.MyexperienceontheNinahelpstestify(证实)mylong－heldbeliefthatstudentsstayinterested，askbetterquestions，andengage(参与)inhigher－orderthinkingtaskswhentheyareactivelyengagedinthelearningprocess.The_students_who_boarded_the_Nina_came_as_passive_learners.They_left_as_bold_explorers.【语篇解读】本文介绍了哥伦布航海时的航船的复制品Nina，它是一个开放的博物馆。学生参观这一特殊的博物馆可以积极主动参与学习。12．Whatoccupationistheauthorengagedin?A．Shipping.B．Education.C．Ecologicaltourism.D．Museumadministration.答案B[推理判断题。根据第二段的第三句“IquicklyrealizedthatIgainedthemostvaluableinsightswhenIobservedorgavetourstoschool－agechildren.”可知，作者在给学龄儿童介绍有关航船复制品Nina的历史知识；据此可以判断，作者从事的是教育行业，故B项正确。]13．WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheNinaintroducedinthepassage?A．SheisareplicaofashipthatColumbusbuiltinBrazil.B．Sheisalwayscrowdedwithforeigntouristsduringholidays.C．SheistheboatColumbussailedinhisvoyagetotheNewD．ShedisplayswhatColumbus'shipwaslikeandhowitoperated.答案D[细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“providesvisitorswithanaccuratevisualofthesizeandsailingequipmentofColumbus'favoriteship”可知，Nina为人们提供了哥伦布的航船的原貌；根据第二段的“the...ofsetting，studentscouldtouchthe...oftheshipsinColumbus'days”可知，Nina还提供了如何操作该航船的方法，故D项正确。]14．Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A．Guidelinesforvisitorsontheships.B．LifeofthefirstsettlersinJamestownSettlement.C．DutiesoftheguidesintheBritishmuseums.D．IntroductiontoanothermuseumsimilartotheNina.答案D[段落大意题。根据第三段的“TheNinamuseum...Aeonlytravelingmuseum...AvisittoJamestownSettlement，forexample，allowsvisitorstoboardthreerecreationsoftheshipsthatbroughtthefirstsettlers”可知，第三段主要介绍了另一个与Nina类似的航船博物馆，故D项正确。]15．Whatdoestheauthormeanbythelasttwosentencesofthepassage?A．Thestudentsareinterestedinbecomingtourguides.B．Theexperiencehaschangedthestudents'learningattitude.C．Thestudentsbecomebraveandarereadytosailtheseasontheirown.D．Themuseumsaresuccessfulinteachingthestudentssurvivalskillsatsea.答案B[句意理解题。根据文章最后两句可知，登上了哥伦布航船复制品Nina的学生成了主动学习的学生，他们成了知识的勇敢探索者。据此可以判断，最后两句意在说明，这种游览改变了学生的学习态度，故B项正确。]Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)Sacrificingsleeptogettopgradesdoesn'tworkSacrificingsleepandskippingmealstostudyinlookingforacademicexcellenceactuallydoesn'twork，anewHarvardstudyhasrevealedrecently.__16__.Theyusuallylikegettinglesssleeporadoptingpooreatinghabits，inasearchfortopgrades.Butthenewstudyof4,000Britishteenagersshowsthosewhodisplaydetermination，courageandpersistencealsotendtohavehealthierlifestyles.Childrenwhostudyhardarealsolikelytolookafterthemselves，andcultivatehealthyemotionalregulationskills，ratherthanbehavinginwaysthatarebadfortheirhealth.__17__.Studieshaveshowntheharmfuleffectsstressoverexamshaveonyoungchildren'shealth.__18__.Thestudyalsofoundforthefirsttimealinkbetweenhigh－achievingstudentsandhelpfulness.Theresearchrevealedthatthosepupilswhoseethemselvesashavingpotentialratherthanhavingfixedabilitiesaremorelikelytohelptheirpeers.__19__.DrChristinaHinton，aresearchmemberattheHarvardGraduateSchoolofEducation，said：“__20__，butrathercultivatinghealthyemotionalregulationskillsandeffectivelearningstrategies.Ourresultssuggest.”A．ChildrenstrugglingforexcellencetendtomakeextrasacrificesB．ChildrenmakingsleepsacrificescanleadtoexcellenceC．ThefindingsshowedthatchildrenwhoworkhardarealsolikelytodevelophealthD．High－achievingstudentshavemorepotentialthanthoselow－achievingstudentsE．HavingagrowthattitudeappearstohavemoreimpactsontheothersaroundthemF．AsurveyfoundveryyoungchildrensmokecigarettesanduseenergydrinkstopreparefortheirexamsG．Gettingtopgradesdoesnotrequirepushingyourselfatallcosts【语篇解读】哈佛大学一项关于“决心”的研究表明，“废寝忘食”并不能有效提高成绩。16．A[空前一句的“Sacrificingsleepandskippingmealstostudyinlookingforacademicexcellenceactuallydoesn'twork”与A项中的重要信息词excellence和sacrifices相对应。且下文是A项的具体表现。故选A项。]17．C[由本段第一句中的“Childrenwhostudyhardarealsolikelytolookafterthemselves，andcultivatehealthyemotionalregulationskills”可以推出选C，C项内容与其对应，且作了总结。]18．F[由空前的“Studieshaveshowntheharmfuleffectsstressoverexamshaveonyoungchildren'shealth”和空后的“Thestudyalsofound”可知，选F，说明一些小孩缓解过度考试压力的具体表现。]19．E[根据空前的一句可知，好心态对周边的人有着很大的影响。故选E。]20．G[研究结果表明，追求好成绩并不需要不惜一切代价来逼自己，而是要培养健康的情感管理技能和高效的学习策略。由此可知，选G。]Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)ItwasthefirstmorningoftheNewYearandtheweatherwasverycold.Ihavealwaysbeenanearlybirdandmymorningwalkshavebeenthe__21__forthelast7years，soIputonmyshoesto__22__formyfirstwalkoftheNewYear.Therewascomplete__23__outside.Littercouldbeseeneverywhere.Itseemedthateveryonehadanall－night__24__.Itwastoocoldto__25__anyonetobeawaketoclearallthewalkwaysat5inthemorning.Iwas__26__towalkonthedirtywalkwaysanddecidedtogobackIwasabouttoleave__27__IsawSamcleaningthegarden.Heisanemployeeofoursocietyassociationandis__28__totakecareofthewalkwaysandthegarden.IwalkeduptoSamasitwasa(an)__29__toseehimtherecleaningatthistime.Hesawmeandpolitely__30__me，“HappyNewYear！”“Howcomeyouarehereanddoingallthisontheveryfirstdayofanewyear？”Iasked.Samanswered__31__，“Itisthefirstdayoftheyearsotheyshouldfeelgoodandspecial.Forme，todayislikeanyother__32__dayandmyjobstartswiththe__33__.”Itwasgoodtoseesomeoneso__34__atheart.Likeotherstaffmembers，Samcouldhavetakenaday__35__，buthewokeupearlyandcameforallofus.Isuddenlyrealizedlifedoesnot__36__whentheclockstrikestwelveatmidnightandaNewYearbegins.We__37__allnight，thesurroundisdirty.Lifegoesonandothersneedto__38__upearlyandclearthegarbage.Isn'ttheverynextmorninganewdayofaNewYearforallthosewhoclearourgarbage？Whycan'twealsokeepour__39__cleansothateveryonecanhaveaNewYeartheverynextday？Itistruethatsmallthingscanmakeabig__40__inourlives.【语篇解读】作者在新年的早晨出来散步，遇到社区协会的员工萨姆清理街道，让作者心生温暖。A.mannerA.manner B．trendC．routine D．procedure答案C[根据空后的forthelast7years可知，作者习惯早起已经七年了，所以早晨散步成了惯例。manner意为“方式；态度；举止”；trend意为“趋势；动向”；routine意为“常规；惯例”；procedure意为“程序；步骤”。故选C项。]22．A.look B．sendC．long D．head答案D[早晨散步成了作者的惯例，因此在新年的第一天，作者依然去散步。headfor意为“(朝……)前进；(向……)去”，符合语境。故选D项。lookfor意为“寻找”；sendfor意为“派人去请”；longfor意为“渴望”。]23．A.waste B．freedomC．silence D．absence答案C[根据该段第四句提到的时间“at5inthemorning”可知，早晨5点钟外面应该是寂静的。waste意为“浪费”；freedom意为“自由”；silence意为“寂静；沉默”；absence意为“不在；缺席”。故选C项。]24．A.celebration B．traditionC．decoration D．pollution答案A[根据前一句Littercouldbeseeneverywhere.“垃圾遍地都是。”及下文的NewYear可知，此处指“庆祝”新年。celebration意为“庆祝活动；庆祝会”；tradition意为“传统”；decoration意为“装饰物；装饰”；pollution意为“污染”。故选A项。]25．A.order B．expectC．trust D．catch答案B[根据下文的“at5inthemorning”可知，早晨5点天气太冷了，所以不指望会有人来打扫街道。order意为“命令；订购”；expect意为“期望；预料”；trust意为“信任”；catch意为“抓住”。故选B项。]26．A.tired B．scaredC．puzzled D．annoyed答案D[根据下文的“towalkonthedirtywalkwaysanddecidedtogobackhome”可知，走在脏乱的街道上作者肯定很恼怒(annoyed)。故选D项。tired意为“困倦的；累的”；scared意为“害怕的”；puzzled意为“困惑的”。]27．A.because B．thoughC．unless D．when答案D[句意：我正要离开时突然看见萨姆在打扫花园。beaboutto...when...意为“某人正要做某事，突然……”，为固定句型，when在此为并列连词。故选D项。]28．A.advised B．promotedC．supposed D．determined答案C[萨姆是社区协会的一名雇员，而他出现在这条街道上，所以他应是负责打扫这几条人行道和这个花园。besupposedtodosth意为“应该做某事”，符合语境。故选C项。advise意为“建议”，promote意为“促进；增进”，determine意为“确定；决定”，均不符合语境。]29．A.pleasure B．successC．surprise D．honour答案C[上文讲到清晨5点大街上没有人，再根据下一段作者的问话“Howcomeyouarehereanddoingallthisontheveryfirstdayofanewyear？”可知，作者认为这个时间看到萨姆在这里打扫卫生真是一件令人吃惊的事(surprise)。故选C项。pleasure意为“快乐；乐事”；success意为“成功”；honor意为“光荣；荣誉；敬意”。]30．A.suggested B．wishedC．asked D．congratulated答案B[根据空后的HappyNewYear！可知，此处是萨姆在祝愿(wished)作者新年快乐。故选B项。suggest意为“建议”；ask意为“问；要求”；congratulate意为“祝贺”。]31．A.coldly B．hopefullyC．casually D．calmly答案D[根据萨姆回答的内容可知，此处指他平静地(calmly)回答。故选D项。coldly意为“冷漠地”；hopefully意为“充满希望地”；casually意为“随便地；漫不经心地”；calmly意为“平静地”。]32．A.dirty B．narrowC．busy D．cold答案A[虽然是新年的第一天，但萨姆并未觉得不同，还是和任何其他脏乱的一天一样。根据常识也可知，未打扫街道前，街道应该是脏的。dirty意为“脏的”；narrow意为“窄的”；busy意为“忙碌的”；cold意为“冷的”。故选A项。]33．A.beginning B．sameC．special D．new答案B[此处指萨姆的工作和每天一样，从做相同的(same)事开始。故选B项。]34．A.devoted B．cautiousC．honest D．polite答案A[萨姆在新年的第一天就早早来打扫街道，作者认为这是发自内心的奉献精神。devoted意为“投入的；奉献的”；cautious意为“小心的；谨慎的”；honest意为“诚实的”；polite意为“有礼貌的”。故选A项。]35．A.over B．outC．up D．off答案D[像其他的员工一样，萨姆本来可以休息一天的。takeadayoff为固定搭配，意为“休假一天”，符合语境。故选D项。]36．A.change B．improveC．return D．happen答案A[根据第38空前的Lifegoeson...“生活还在继续……”可知，生活并没有变化(change)。句意：我突然意识到钟声敲响十二下新年到来时，生活并没有改变。improve意为“改进”；return意为“归还”；happen意为“发生”。故选A项。]37．A.sleep B．partyC．work D．clean答案B[根据第24空的“itseemedthateveryonehadanall－nightcelebration.”可知，此处指人们一夜狂欢，而周围却一片狼藉。party在此作动词，意为“开派对”。故选B项。]38．A.put B．stayC．wake D．pick答案C[此处与上文“我们一夜狂欢”形成对比，指其他人却需要早起清理垃圾。putup意为“张贴；举起；建造”；stayup意为“熬夜”；wakeup意为“醒来”；pickup意为“捡起”；(无意中)学会”。根据语境可知选C项。]39．A.surroundings B．conditionsC．background D．location答案A[根据第37空后的thesurroundisdirty可知，此处指保持环境(surroundings)干净。故选A项。condition意为“条件”；background意为“背景”；location意为“位置；场所”。]40．A.decision B．differenceC．promise D．suggestion答案B[细小的事也能对我们的生活产生很大的影响。makeadifference意为“有影响；起作用”，符合语境。故选B项。]Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)Morethan1,250litstalls(货摊)brightenthecenterofThailand'scapitalcity,41.________(provide)amulticoloredsight.Theshelter,42.________isdesignedforthethousandsoftradersandshoppersatBangkok'snightmarket，hasbecomean43.________(attract)itself.Themarket，which44.________(call)TrainNightMarketRatchadainEnglish，wasopenedinJanuary2015andhasbecome45.________popularspotforlocalsandtourists.SoftwareengineerPrasadAmbativisitedthemarketandtookthelandscapephotographsfromanearbycarpark.“Those46.________(color)tentsandpeopleshopping，eatingatstallsandtheflashinglightsweregreat.Thetentsmademethinkofagiantpainting.”Thisis47.________(primary)amarketthatsellsyesteryear(旧时)goods，old－fashioned48.________(collection)ofclothes，motorbikes，andsecond－handtoys.Therearealsoplentyofgeneralmarketthingsforsale,49.________cheapclothes，shoes，bags，andotherfashionitems.Butaboveallit'soneofthebestplacesforstreetfood，open－airbarswithlivemusicfrequently50.________(perform)allover.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了位于曼谷的夜市TrainNightMarketRatchada。41．providing[分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词；provide与其逻辑主语stalls之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作状语。]42．which[先行词是Theshelter，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，故用which。]43．attraction[根据空前的an可知，此处应填名词attraction“游览胜地，具有吸引力的事物”。]44．iscalled[定语从句说的是现在的客观事实，应该用一般现在时；which(指代Themarket)与call之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。]45．a[spot表示“地点”，是可数名词，且此处为泛指，故填不定冠词a。]46．colo(u)rful[根据语境可知，此处指的是“颜色鲜艳的，五彩缤纷的”，故填colo(u)rful。]47．primarily[此处修饰谓语动词，应该用副词，故填primarily。]48．collections[空前无冠词或者形容词性物主代词，加之collection“收藏物，收藏品”是可数名词，故填collections。]49．like[like意为“像，如”，用来列举事物。]50．performed[此处是“with＋宾语＋宾补”复合结构。宾语music和perform之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。]Ⅴ.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)Yesterdaywasmy18thbirthday.Asmyfatherandmotherthoughtitwasabigoccasionforme，theysuggestedIheldabirthdaypartyathometocelebrateit.By4o'clockIwaspleasedtoseeallmyfriendshadcomewithalotofbeautifulpresent.Mothercookedabigmeal.Theyspentawonderfulnighttogether，eatingandtalkinghappily.ThemostexcitedmomentwaswhenmymotherputabigbirthdaycakeonthetableandallmyfriendsbegintosingHappyBirthday.Sawthe18candlesburning，Icouldn'tkeepbackmytears.Withoutmymotherandfather'slove，Iwouldn'tbeleadingsoahappylifenow.MotheraskedmemakeawishbeforeIblewoutallthecandles.Afterthat，everyoneenjoyedthe