（精品讲义）UNIT3SECTION4word版含答案2

14/1413/14/Ⅰ.Skimthetextandchoosethemainideaofthepassage.ThetextmainlytellsusaboutYe_Xiaogang's_life_and_achievements．Ⅱ.WritedownT(fortrue)orF(forfalse)accordingtothetext.music.________gangwasyoung,heshowednotalentformusic.________2．YeXiaogangwritesmusicforfilmssometimes.________3．YeXiaogangisfamousformixingChinesemusicaltraditionswithwesternformsandinstrumentation.________4．YeXiaoganghasreceivedalotofprizes.________5．YeXiaogangisaprofessorofmusicatauniversityintheUS.________答案：1～5FTTTFⅢ.Choosethebestansweraccordingtothetext.1．YeXiaogangbegantoshowhismusictalentin________．A．1955B．1978C．1959D．19832．WhyisYeXiaogangworthsuchgreatfame?A．HeisoneofagroupofChinesecomposerscalledNewTide.B．HecombinesChinesetraditionalmusicwithwesternformsandinstrumentation.C．HewroteanalbumcalledHorizonwhichprovedagreatsuccess.D．Hehaswonmanyprizesathomeandabroad.3．AfterhisgraduationfromtheCentralConservatoryofMusicofChina,he________．A．begantostudyintheUSB．begantoteachwhilewritingsymphoniesC．begantosetuptheBeijingmusicgroupEclipseD．wenttoHongKongforfurtherstudy4．Fromthelastparagraph,weknowthat________．A．YeXiaogangleadsabusylifeB．YeXiaoganghasamusicgroupintheUSC．YeXiaogangisoneofthemostfamouscomposersintheworldD．YeXiaogangworksfortheShanghaiSymphonyOrchestra答案：1～4CBBAⅠ.单词拼写1．ThesongendswithabriefGeorgeguitarsolo(独奏曲)．2．Hegaveusatune(曲子；曲调)onhisviolin.3．TheBeatlesareprobablythemostfamousband(乐队)intheworld.4．Idon'twanttoinfluence(影响)youeitherway,soIwon'ttellyoumyopinion.5．Thecompanyhasacomplex(复杂的)organizationalstructure.6．Thisisoneofthesongsfromherlatestalbum(专辑)．Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．recordvt.录音n.录音，记录→recordern．录音机2．lecturern．(大学的)讲师→lecturen．演讲，讲座3．mixvt.使混合→mixturen．混合，混合物→mixedadj.混合的，混杂的[巧记单词]词根词形变化构词点拨recordrecorder动词加-er构成名词mixmixture动词加-ture构成名词Ⅲ.补全短语1．referto指；谈到；参考；查阅2．splitup分裂；分割3．noway没门儿，不行4．mix...with...与……混合；与……交往5．behappywith对……感到满意6．makeanoteof记录7．offertodosth.主动提出做某事8．hearof听说1．[教材原句]AsBeethovengrewolder,hefounditmoredifficulttocomposegoodmusic.随着年龄的增长，贝多芬发现创作好的音乐(作品)更难了。[句型点拨]find＋it＋宾补＋动词不定式。[佳句赏析]我发现把汉语小说翻译成英语真的很有趣。IfinditreallyinterestingtotranslateChinesenovelsintoEnglish.2.[教材原句]Ifthewordsofasongarecomplex,aretheyeasyordifficulttounderstand?如果一首歌的歌词很复杂，那它们理解起来是容易还是困难呢？[句型点拨]主语＋be＋形容词＋todo...。[佳句赏析]这道题难以解答。Theproblemisdifficulttoworkout.3.[教材原句]Aretheyhappywiththewaytheylistentomusic?他们对听音乐的方式满意吗？[句型点拨]theway后跟that或inwhich引导的定语从句，that/inwhich可省略。[佳句赏析]如果你想到的方式不太好，你可以学习一下优秀的学生学习的方法。Ifthewayyouthinkofisnotgoodenough,youcanlearntheway(that/inwhich)thetopstudentsdealwiththeirstudy.YeXiaogangYeXiaogang,whowasbornin1955,isoneofagroupofChinesecomposersknownastheNewTide.Hewritessymphoniesandpiecesforsmallergroupsofmusicians.Healsowritesfilmmusic.Heshowedmusicalabilityatanearlyageandbeganstudyingpianowhenhewasfouryearsold.From1978till1983,hestudiedattheCentralConservatoryofMusicofChina.Aftergraduation,heworkedthereasalecturer.In1985,therewasaconcertofYeXiaogang'ssymphoniesinBeijing.Fromthattime,hehasbeenoneoftheleadingmoderncomposersofChineseclassicalmusic.In1986,hisalbumHorizonappearedandhismusicwasplayedattheFirstContemporaryChineseComposers'FestivalinHongKong.HeisfamousformixingChinesemusicaltraditionswithwesternformsandinstrumentation.YeisamemberoftheBeijingmusicgroupEclipse.EclipseisperhapsthefirstindependentmusicgroupinChinawhichplaysworksbymodernChinesecomposers.InNovember1996,thegroupplayedwithItalianmusicianEnricoRavaattheBeijingInternationalJazzFestival.YeXiaoganghasreceivedmanyprizes,inChinaandinothercountries.Since1993,hehasworkedpartofthetimeinBeijingandpartofthetimeintheUS.He'saprofessorofmusicattheCentralConservatoryofMusicofChina,andcomposespiecesfortheShanghaiSymphonyOrchestra.叶小纲叶小纲，出生于1955年，是以“新潮”而知名的中国作曲家群体中的一员。他创作交响乐并为较小的音乐家团体创作音乐。他也创作电影音乐。他很小就展现出音乐才能，并在四岁时开始学习钢琴。1978到1983年，他在中国中央音乐学院学习。毕业之后，他留校当了讲师。1985年，叶小纲在北京举办了一场交响乐音乐会。从那时起，他就已经是中国古典音乐现代作曲家的领军人物之一。1986年，他的专辑《地平线》出版发行，在香港举办的第一届中国当代作曲家音乐节上，他的作品被演奏。他因把中国音乐传统和西方音乐形式及乐器演奏融合在一起而出名。叶小纲是北京音乐组合Eclipse的成员。Eclipse也许是中国第一个演奏现代中国作曲家作品的独立音乐组合。1996年11月，这个组合在北京国际爵士乐音乐节上和意大利音乐家恩里克·拉瓦同台表演。叶小纲在中国和其他国家获得了很多奖项。从1993年开始，他一部分时间在北京工作，一部分时间在美国工作。他现在是中国中央音乐学院的音乐教授，而且为上海交响乐团创作乐曲。1．Whichofthesentencesreferstoasingleeventinthepast？(P24)哪个句子指过去的一件事？★referv．提到；针对；参考；查阅；送交；提交①WhenIsaidsomepeoplearestupid,Iwasn'treferringtoyou.我说有些人很愚蠢，并不是指你。(1)referto查阅，参考；提到；对……而言；适用于refer...to把……提交给……referto...as把……称为；认为……是……(2)referencen.提及；参考②Ialwaysrefer_to_a_dictionarywhenIcomeuponanewword.我遇到生词时，总是查词典。③Marciahad_referred_to_him_asadearfriend.马西娅把他称作好朋友。④Hecouldreferthemattertothehighcourt.他可以将此事交由高等法院裁决。[名师点津](1)referto中to为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，注意下面句子中referto后的内容。⑤Theforeignfriendsyoureferredtoarelookingforwardtobeingshownaroundourschool.你提到的外国朋友正期待参观我们的学校。(2)“查字典”可说refertoadictionary,turntoadictionary,consultadictionary,looksth.upinadictionary等。2．HaveyoueverheardoftheBeatles?Ifso,whatdoyouknowaboutthem？(P26)你听说过披头士乐队吗？如果听说过，你知道关于他们的什么事？★ifso为条件状语从句的省略，其中so用来指代前面提到的内容。①“Gotit？”ProfessorSmithsays,“Ifso,let'smoveontothenextpart.”“明白了吗？”史密斯教授说道，“如果这样，我们继续讲下一部分。”(1)如果状语从句的主语为it，且谓语动词为be动词时，则可以省去从句的主语和be动词。如：when/if(itis)possible,if(itis)necessary等。(2)记住下列常见的省略结构：ifnot如果不是这样ifany如果有ifever如此曾经发生②—ArethereanyEnglishdictionariesforusstudentsinthelibrary?—Thereareonlyafew,if_any．——图书馆里有我们学生使用的英语词典吗？——只有几本，如果有的话。③—Haveyougotanyparticularplansforthecomingwintervacation?—Yes.If_possible,_I'mgoingtovisitmygrandparents.——对于即将到来的寒假你有一些特别的计划吗？——有。如果可能的话，我打算去看望我的爷爷和奶奶。3．Ifthewordsofasongarecomplex,aretheyeasyordifficulttounderstand？(P26)如果一首歌的歌词很复杂，那么他们是容易理解还是难理解呢？★主语＋be＋形容词＋todo...①Thiskindoffishisnotfittoeat.这种鱼不适合吃。(1)不定式在某些形容词(difficult,easy,hard,comfortable,pleasant,fit,unfit,light,heavy,good,safe,dangerous)后作主语补足语且和句子的主语(或宾语)之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，用主动形式表示被动含义。(2)若“be＋adj.＋todo”结构中do为不及物动词时，需添加介词。②Thisquestionisveryhardto_answer(answer)．这个问题很难回答。③Theboyiseasytogetalongwith.这个男孩很容易相处。4．Ifabandisinfluencedbyanotherband,dotheylikethemornot？(P26)如果一个乐队受到另一个乐队的影响，他们是否喜欢对方呢？★influencevt.影响；感化n.影响，作用①Hiswritingshaveinfluencedthelivesofmillions.他的作品影响了千百万人。(1)influencesb.todosth.促使某人做某事(2)haveaninfluenceon/upon对……有影响undertheinfluenceof受……的影响②Whatinfluencedyouto_change(change)yourmind?是什么使你改变了主意？③Violentprogrammesontelevisionmayhaveabadinfluenceon/uponchildren.电视上的暴力节目可能对孩子有不好的影响。④Hecommittedthecrimeundertheinfluenceofdrugs.他是在吸毒后犯罪的。5.Ican'taffordtobuyaDiscman.(P28)我买不起光碟播放器。★affordvt.买得起；能做；提供；给予①Theywalkedbecausetheycouldn'tafford(totake)ataxi.他们因为坐不起计程车而步行。affordtodo...能做……affordsb.sth.＝affordsth.tosb.提供……给某人②Wecan'taffordto_go(go)abroadthissummer.今年夏天我们没有足够的钱去国外。③Musicaffordsuspleasure.＝Musicaffords_pleasure_to_us．音乐给我们快乐。[名师点津](1)afford表示“买得起，花得起”时，通常与can,could,beableto连用，但表示“给予”时，则无需与之连用。(2)afford表示“买得起；花得起”时，其实质意思是有足够的时间、金钱等，其后可接名词、代词或不定式。[一句辨义]Hewastoopoortoaffordthedoctorbutthedoctorofferedtohelphim.他太穷请不起那位大夫，但是那位大夫主动帮助他。6．Readthetextandmakeanoteofanynewinformation.(P29)读这篇文章并记下所有新的信息。★makeanoteof记录①Hemadeanoteofthebookyesterday.他昨天记录了一下这本书。take/makenotes记笔记takenoteof注意到；留意到comparenoteswithsb.与某人交流经验；与某人交换意见②Hechattedwithusfortwohoursandmade_notes．他和我们谈了两个钟头，还做了笔记。③Take_note_ofwhattheteacherisgoingtosay.注意老师将要说的话。④Let'scompare_notes_witheachotherafterclass.让我们课后交换一下意见。7．HeisfamousformixingChinesemusicaltraditionswithwesternformsandinstrumentation.(P29)他以将中国的音乐传统与西方的演奏形式和乐器相结合而着称。★mixvt.&vi.使混合；使结合；相融合①Oilandwaterdonotmix.油和水不相溶。(1)mix...with/and...把……与……混合mixwithsb.和某人交往mixup混合，掺和；混淆(2)mixedadj.混合的(3)mixturen.混合物②Oildoesnotmixwith/andwater.油不融于水。③Theydon'tmixmuchwiththeneighbors.他们不怎么与邻居交往。④TheyaresomuchalikethatIoftenmixthemup．他们如此相像以至于我经常把他们混淆。⑤Thecityisamixtureofoldandnewbuildings.这座城市是新老建筑兼而有之。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Itisnecessaryforustomasteraforeignlanguage.2．Influenced(influence)byheraunt,Nancybecameinterestedingymnasticsattheageofsix,wherebothstrengthandskillsareneeded.3．Mixbluewithyellowtomakegreen.4．WefoundEnglishwasdifficultto_learn(learn)．5．Thebusinessmanyoureferredtois(be)selfless.6．IamafraidIcan'taffordto_buy(buy)suchadictionary.7．Theexpressionofamixture(mix)ofsorrowandangeronhisfacesuggestsit.8．Shesaidshehadlostherbike.Ifso,_weshouldtryourbesttohelpher.9．Myhometownisfamousforitsfruit.10．Whenlisteningtoyourteacherinclass,you'dbettermakenotesofthekeypointssothatyoucouldgooverthemafterclass.11.Tomfeelsratherlonelywhenheisleftalone;hisparentssplitupafewmonthsago.12．Asstudents,youmustlistentotheteacherattentivelyandkeeparecordofwhattheteacherasksyoutoremember.13．Aftergraduation(graduate),heworkedasateacher.14．Heisknownasawriteratanearlyage.15．Myjuniormiddleschoolteacherhadagreatinfluenceonmycareer.Ⅱ.完成句子1．长时间看电视对孩子们的健康有很大影响。WatchingTVforalongtimehas_a_great_influence_onchildren'shealth.2.如果可能的话，我下周将去桂林。If_(it_is)_possible,_I'llgotoGuilinnextweek.3.当你提及这个事情的时候，你指的是谁？Who_were_you_referring_towhenyoumentionthecase?4.汤姆问糖果制造商们能否把巧克力做得更易于掰成小块。Tomaskedthecandymakersiftheycouldmakethechocolateeasier_to_break_into_small_pieces．5.他从不在工作上掺入他私人的感情。Henevermixesbusinesswith/andhisprivatefeelings.Ⅲ.一句多译1.你提到的那个人很出名。①The_person_who_you_referred_to_is_very_famous.②The_person_referred_to_by_you_is_very_famous.2．如果你不会拼写一个词，你应当查一下词典。①If_you_don't_know_the_spelling_of_a_word,_you_should_refer/turn_to_a_dictionary._②If_you_don't_know_the_spelling_of_a_word,_you_should_consult_a_dictionary._③If_you_don't_know_the_spelling_of_a_word,_you_should_look_it_up_in_a_dictionary._[对应学生课下能力提升(十一)]Ⅰ.根据提示写出单词的正确形式1．ThatMindybecameapoetmayhavebeenduetohisfather'sinfluence(影响)．2．Ifasongiscatchy(动人的),peoplerememberitveryeasily.3．Thebandplanstoreleasetheirnewalbum(专辑)nextweek.4．Peterissogiftedthathehasaquickunderstandingofthemostcomplex(复杂的)problems.5．Doyoulikeclassical(古典的)music?6．Igotmixed(mix)upaboutwhichsidewasright.7．Thequestionyoureferred(refer)toyesterdayisdifficulttoanswer.8．Irecorded(record)whatmydaughtersaid.9．Alecturer(lecture)isateacheratauniversityorcollege.10．Thetraditional(tradition)ChinesefoodfortheSpringFestivalisdumplings.Ⅱ.选词填空splitup,makeanoteof,referto...as,mix...with,ifso,undertheinfluenceof1．Theboatshookfromsidetosideunder_the_influence_ofthebigwaves.2．Hesaidhewouldleadmesomemoney.If_so,_Icanbuythatcomputer.3．Theteacheralwaysmixes_meupwith_anotherstudent.4．Pleasemake_a_note_ofwhatyourbosshassaidatthemeeting.5．Afterthegrouphadsplit_up,_alltheBeatlesperformedasalsoartists.6.Heisreferred_to_asalivingLeiFeng.Ⅲ.完成句子1.——我应该查出来我所不理解的每一个字吗？——不用，必要时再查。—ShouldIlookupeachwordthatIdon'tunderstand?—No,turntoyourdictionaryonlywhen_(it_is)_necessary．2.他在讲演中提到了前不久的加拿大之行。Inhisspeech,hereferred_to_a_recent_triptoCanada.3.他已明白：一个男孩逐渐养成坏习惯如抽烟、酗酒等很容易，但是戒掉它们就不那么容易了。Hehasgottoknowthatitiseasyforaboytobreakintothebadhabitssuchassmokinganddrinking,whichare_not_so_easy_to_get_rid_of.4.受父母影响，汤姆对绘画很感兴趣。Under_the_influence_ofhisparents,Tomshowedhisinterestinpainting.5.我们觉得使我们国家成为一个更好的地方是我们的责任。Wefinditourdutyto_make_our_country_a_better_place．Ⅳ.完形填空Birthdaysmeanalottotheveryyoungandtheveryold.Ontheirbirthdays,people__1__birthdaycardsandbirthdaygiftsfromtheirfamilyandfriends.Children'scardsoftenhavealarge__2__onthemshowinghowoldtheyare.Cardsforadults(成人)__3__havepicturesofflowers,treesorrivers.Insidethereisalwaysasimple__4__，suchas“HappyBirthday”or“ManyHappyReturnsoftheDay”．InBritainchildrenareoftenliftedoffthegroundand__5__againsuddenly,thesamenumberoftimesastheir__6__.SomeAmericanparentshavethe__7__ofspanking(打……的屁股)theirchildren,onceforeachyearoftheirage.InAmerica__8__childrenhavetheirbirthdaysduringtheschoolyear,they'lltakea__9__toschoolandhaveasmallpartywiththeirclass.InAmericathe16thbirthday,alsocalled__10__sixteen,istheageatwhichchildrenwillbeallowedto__11__andhaveacaroftheirown.Theageof18isreally__12__toyoungpeoplebecauseitmeanstheybecomeadults.__13__，theycannotdrinkalcohol(酒)untiltheyare21.Manyadultsdislikegetting__14__andafewpeople__15__abouttheirage,sayingtheyareyoungerthantheyreallyare.Butmoreandmorepeoplenowdon't__16__tellingotherstheirage.Besides,youmayseea__17__bythesideofaroadsaying“DaveEllis40today！”Whenpeoplereachtheageof65,theyleavetheirjobsandstop__18__completely.Fewpeoplelivetobe100,soa100thbirthdayisvery__19__.InBritainpeoplereachingthisagemaybe__20__enoughtoreceiveacardfromtheQueen.语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了英美人士庆祝生日的一些方式及其态度。1．A.makeB．pickC．sendD．receive解析：选D由该空前后内容可知，人们在生日那天会“收到(receive)”来自家人和朋友的贺卡和礼物。2．A.dollB．balloonC．numberD．candle解析：选C由该空后的“showinghowoldtheyare”可知，儿童贺卡上面有一个大大的“数字(number)”，用来表示年龄。3．A.usuallyB．finallyC．certainlyD．nearly解析：选A成人贺卡上“通常(usually)”会有花、树或河流等图片。4．A.questionB．greetingC．serviceD．idea解析：选B由该空后的“‘HappyBirthday’or‘ManyHappyReturnsoftheDay’”可知，贺卡里总会有一句简单的“祝福话语(greeting)”。5．A.caughtupB．dressedupC．knockeddownD．putdown解析：选D由该空前的“liftedofftheground”可知，孩子们先是会被抬起，然后又被突然“放下(putdown)”。6.A．ageB．birthdayC．nameD．weight解析：选A几岁生日就会被颠几下，同下文的“onceforeachyearoftheirage”。7．A.chanceB．courageC．traditionD．moment解析：选C由上下文内容可知，这里是说“传统(tradition)”。8．A.ifB．afterC．becauseD．although解析：选A前后两个分句为假设关系，故填if。9．A.toyB．cakeC．flowerD．letter解析：选B由该句中的birthdays和“haveasmallpartywiththeirclass”可知，孩子们会带上“蛋糕(cake)”和同学们一起过生日。10．A.shyB．funnyC．honestD．sweet解析：选D解析见下题。11．A.watchB．travelC．driveD．fight解析：选C由该句中的“childrenwill...haveacaroftheirown”可知，从十六岁起孩子们就可以“开车(drive)”了，这是一个令人期待的、“快乐的(sweet)”年龄。12．A.strangeB．importantC．similarD．close解析：选B由该空后的“itmeanstheybecomeadults”可知，十八岁对年轻人来说是非常“重要的(important)”。13．A.HoweverB．InsteadC．SofarD．Afterall解析：选A该空前后为转折关系，故填However。14．A.fatterB．poorerC．busierD．older解析：选D解析见下题。15．A.askB．knowC．lieD．hear解析：选C由该句中的“sayingtheyareyoungerthantheyreallyare”可知，许多成人不喜欢变“老(older)”，有些还会对自己的年龄“撒谎(lie)”。16．A.forgetB．mindC．considerD．suggest解析：选B由转折连词But可知，现在越来越多的人不“介意(mind)”告诉别人自己的年龄了。17．A.boardB．shopC．soldierD．car解析：选A由该空后的“saying‘DaveEllis40today！’”可知，路边应该是一块“板子(board)”，上面写着：DaveEllis今天四十岁啦！18．A.learningB．livingC．worryingD．working解析：选D由该空前的“Whenpeoplereachtheageof65,theyleavetheirjobs”可知，他们已经退休，完全不用“工作(working)”了。19．A.helpfulB．normalC．specialD．natural解析：选C由该空前的“Fewpeoplelivetobe100”可知，一百岁生日非常“特别(special)”。20．A.quickB．luckyC．smartD．healthy解析：选B由该空后的“receiveacardfromtheQueen”可知，能够收到来自女王的贺卡当然是非常“幸运的(lucky)”。Ⅴ.阅读理解AHavingBreakfastOrNotWillitmatterifyoudon'ttakeyourbreakfast?Ashorttimeago,atestwasgivenintheUnitedStates.Peopleofdifferentages,from12to83,wereaskedtohaveatest.Duringthetest,thesepeopleweregivenallkindsofbreakfast,andsometimestheygotnobreakfastatall.Scientistswantedtoseehowwelltheirbodiesworkedwhentheyhadeatendifferentkindsofbreakfast.Theresultsshowthatifapersoneatsarightbreakfast,heorshewillworkbetterthanifheorshehasnobreakfast.Ifastudenthasfruit,eggs,breadandmilkbeforegoingtoschool,heorshewilllearnmorequicklyandlistenmorecarefullyinclass.Theresultisoppositetowhatsomepeoplethink.Havingnobreakfastwillnothelpyouloseweight.Thisisbecausepeoplebecomesohungryatnoonthattheyeattoomuchforlunch.Theywillgainweightinsteadoflosingit.Youwilllosemoreweightifyoureduceyourothermeals.语篇解读：文章给我们讲述了吃早饭的重要性及合理的早饭的好处。1．Duringthetest,thepeopleweregiven________．A．nobreakfastatallB．veryrichbreakfastC．differentfoodsorsometimesnoneD．littlefoodforbreakfast解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段的“Duringthetest,thesepeopleweregivenallkindsofbreakfast,andsometimestheygotnobreakfastatall.”可知参加测试的人有时有丰富的早饭，有时没有早饭。故选C。2．Theresultsshowthat________．A．breakfasthaslittletodowithaperson'sworkB．breakfasthasgreateffect(影响)onworkandstudiesC．apersonwillworkbetterifheonlyhasfruitandmilkD．girlstudentsshouldhavelessforbreakfast解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段“Theresultsshowthatifapersoneatsarightbreakfast,heorshewillworkbetterthanifheorshehasnobreakfast.Ifastudenthasfruit,eggs,breadandmilkbeforegoingtoschool,heorshewilllearnmorequicklyandlistenmorecarefullyinclass.”可知早饭对工作和学习有很大影响。故选B。3．Accordingtothepassage,somepeoplethinkthatifyoudon'thavebreakfast,youwill________．A．behealthierB．workbetterC．loseweightD．failthetest解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段“Theresultisoppositetowhatsomepeoplethink.Havingnobreakfastwillnothelpyouloseweight.”可知一些人认为不吃早饭能减肥。故选C。4．Theword“reduce”inthelastsentencemeans________．A．减少B．增加C．放弃D．享用解析：选A词义猜测题。句意：如果你午饭和晚饭少吃点就能减肥。reduce“减少”，故选A。BTherewasonceacaptainwholovedmoneysomuchthathecheatedhissailorsattheendofeveryvoyageandtooktheirwages(工资)．Onthelastdayofonevoyage,theshipwasinasmallport.Itwaswintertime,andtheseawasverycold,sothecaptainsaidtohissailors,“Ifoneofyoustaysinthewaterduringthewholenight,Iwillgivehimmyship.Butifhecomesoutbeforethesunappears,Ishallgethiswages.”Thesailors(船员)hadheardaboutthecaptain'scheating,sotheydidn'ttrusthim.Butthenoneofthem,whothoughtthathewasclevererthanthecaptain,saidthathewoulddoit.Hegotintothewater,and,thoughitwasverycold,hestayedinit.Whenitwasnearlymorning,somefishermenlitafireontheshoreabouthalfamileaway.“Youarecheating，”thecaptainsaidtothesailor.“Thefire'swarmingyou.”“Butit'shalfamileaway！”saidthesailor.“Afire'sfire，”answered