PEP人教版小学英语语法及习题

小学英语语法及习题一、名词复数规则.——般情况下，直接力口-s,支口：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds.以s.x.sh.ch结尾，力口-es,支口：bus-busesbox-boxes,brush-brusheswatch-watches.以辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,冉力口-es,支口：family-families,strawberry-strawberries.以“或fe'结尾，变f或fe为v,冉加-es,如：knife-knives.不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-children,foot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-ChineseJapanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数Ihimthisherwatchchildphotodiarydayfootbookdresstoothsheepboxstrawberrythiefyo-yopeachsandwichmanwomanpaperjuicewatermilkricetea般现在时一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1.be动词:主语+be（am,is,are）矶它。如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词（+其它）。如：WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。特别注意：当主语为第三人称单数（he, she,it或是名词单数）时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。口口:MarylikesChinese玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化.be动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+don't（doesn't）+动词原形（+其它）。如：Idon'tlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：Doyouoftenplayfootball?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用 does构成一般疑问句。如：Doesshegotoworkbybike?Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?动词+s的变化规则一般情况下，直接加-s,如：cook-cooks,milk-milks以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,力口-es,女口：guess-guesseswash-washeswatch-watches,go-goes以辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es,如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练 :一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink go stay make look have pass carry come watch plant fly study brush do teach 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。Heoften (have)dinnerathome.DanielandTommy (be)inClassOne.We (notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick (notgo)tothezooonSunday. they (like)theWorldCup?What theyoften (do)onSaturdays? yourparents (read)newspaperseveryday?Thegirl (teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI (take)awalktogethereveryevening.There (be)somewaterinthebottle.Mike (like)cooking.They (have)thesamehobby.Myaunt (look)afterherbabycarefully.Youalways (do)yourhomeworkwell.I (be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.She (go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.LiuTao (do)notlikePE.Thechildoften (watch)TVintheevening.SuHaiandSuYang (have)eightlessonsthisterm.－Whatday (be)ittoday?－It’sSaturday.三、按照要求改写句子DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.做为否定句)Idomyhomeworkeveryday.做为一般疑问句,作否定回答)Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答 )Amylikesplayingcomputergames.改为一般疑问句,作否定回答）Wegotoschooleverymorning.（改为否定旬）HespeaksEnglishverywell.（改为否定句）Iliketakingphotosinthepark。寸划线部分提问）JohncomesfromCanada.（寸划线部分提问）Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.帔为一般疑问句,作否定回答）SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.（改为否定旬）五、改错 （_划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上 ） IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish? Doeshelikesgoingfishing? Helikesplaygamesafterclass. Mr.WuteachsusEnglish. Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays. 三、现在进行时1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为 be+动ting.3．现在进行时的否定句在 be后加 not。4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把 be动词调到句首。5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+be+主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词+be+动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则一般情况下，直接加ing,如：cook-cooking以不发音的e结尾，去e力口ing,如：make-making,taste-tastingrun-如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing,如:running,stop-stoppingrun-现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play run swim make go__ like ___ write__ ski read have___ sing dance put_ see ___buy __love live_ take come __ get stop sit begin ___shop 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：用所给的动词的正确形式填空：Theboy(draw)apicturenow.Listen.Somegirls(sing)intheclassroom.Mymother(cook)somenicefoodnow.Whatyou(do)now?Look.They(have)anEnglishlesson.They(not,water)theflowersnow.Look!Thegirls(danceintheclassroom.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She(listen)tomusic.It'5。'clocnow.We(have)suppernowHelen(wasl)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型转换：Theyaredoinghousework.(分另改成——般疑问旬和否定旬)Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.（改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答）I'nplayingthefootballintheplayground.(对划线部分进行提问)Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(对划线部分进行提问)四、一般将来时一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday（week,month,year•••）,soonthedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：①begoingto+do；②will+do.三、否定句：在be动词(am,is,are后力口not或情态动词will后加not成won'ct例如：I'ngoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.+'imotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or,第一二人称互换。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.fAreyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。问人。Who例如：I'ngoingtoNewYorksoon.fWhosgoingtoNewYorksoon.问干什么。What…do.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.fWhatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.问什么时候。When.例如：She'goingtogotobedatnine.fWhenisshegoingtobed?六、同义句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow(明天).=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.练习：填空。我打算明天和朋友去野炊。Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.下个星期二祢打算去干嘛？我想去打篮球。WhatnextMonday?Iplaybasketball.What youdonextMonday?I playbasketball.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。 yourmother goshoppingthis ?Yes,she .She buysomefruit.你们打算什么时候见面。Whattime you meet?Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancygoingtogocamping.I'勺oandjointhem.（改否定）Igojointhem.I'ngoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑问旬） togetupat6:30tomorrow?Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑问句） meetatthebusstopat10:30.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（对划线部分提问） she afterschool?Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.（同上） goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrowPEP小学英语重点句型语法总结人教版PEP教材在小学阶段涉及的重要语法知识主要有7种：tobe句型、therebe句型、一般现在时句型、现在进行时句型、一般过去时句型、情态动词can引导的型、begoingto句型等。现以5-8册书为例，简要总结如下：［一］tobe句型：用于介绍个人情况如姓名、健康状况、身份、国籍、家庭成员、朋友、职业等，描述地点、颜色、四季、日期、星期几等，该句型广泛分布于各册教材中，其中5—8册的句型主要有：Who’syourEnglishteacher?Mr.Carter.What’shelike?He’stallandstrong.Isshequiet?No,sheisn’St.heisveryactive.Isshestrict?Yes,sheis,butshe’sverykind.Whatdayisittoday?It’sWednesday.What'yourfavouritefruit/food…？They'rsweet/sour/salty/healthy/…Whenisyourbirthday?It’sinMay.MybirthdayisinJune.UncleBill’sbirthdayisinJune,too.IsherbirthdayinJune?Yes,itis.What’sthedate?ThisisZhangPeng.Whereisthecinema,please?It’snexttothehospital.Howtallareyou？I’m164cmtall.Youareshorterthanme.You’r4ecmtallerthanme.Howheavyareyou?I’m48kg.I’mthinnerthanyou,andshorter.What’sthematterwithyou?Mythroatissore.Howareyou,LiuYun/Sarah?［二］therebe句型：表示存在，即：“某处有某物”或“某时有某事 ”。句型基本结构为：Thereis+可数名词单数或不可数名词+时间或地点。Thereare+可数名t^复数十地点。该句型主要分布在第5册的Unit5和Unit6中，如：Therearetwobedrooms,akitchen,abathroomandalivingroom.Thereisamirror,abedandabigcloset.Isthereaforestinthepark?Yes,thereis.Isthereariver?No,thereisn’t.Arethereanypandasinthemountains?No,therearen’t.Arethereanyfishintherivers?Yes,thereare.［三］一般现在时句型：表示习惯性的动作或行为，或现在存在着的状况。句型基本结构为：主语 +行为动词+其他。当主语是第三人称单数时，要在动词原形后面加 s或es,其他人称作主语时则用动词原形，在问句及否定旬中需要用助动词 do或doeso这种句型通常有一些标志词，如：usuallyoftensometimesneveralways等。该句型主要分布在第5册Unit2&3,第6册Unit1&2,第7册Unit4,5,6,第8册Unit2中。如：Book5:WhatdoyouhaveonThursdays?WehaveEnglish,mathandscienceonThursdays.WhatdoyoudoonSaturdays?IwatchTVonSaturdays.Idomyhomework.WhatdoyouhaveforlunchonMondays?Wehavetomatoes,tofuandfish.Ilikefruit.ButIdon’tlikegrapes.Book6:Whendoyoueatdinner?Ieatdinnerat7:00intheevening.Whendoyougetup?Iusuallygetupat12:00noon.Whatdoyoudoontheweekend?UsuallyIwatchTVandgoshopping.SometimesIvisitmygrandparents.Ioftenplayfootball.SometimesIgohiking.Whichseasondoyoulikebest?Ilikewinterbest.Whydoyoulikesummer/winter?Book7:Howdoyougotoschool,Sarah?UsuallyIgotoschoolonfoot.SometimesIgobybike.Ilikecollectingstamps.Helikescollectingstamps,too.Doessheteachmath?Yes,shedoes.DoessheteachEnglish？No,shedoesn’tS.heteachesmath.Whatdoesyourmotherdo?Whatdoesyourfatherdo?Wheredoesshework?Sheworksinacarcompany.Howdoesshegotowork?Shegoestoworkbybus.Wheredoestheraincomefrom?Itcomesfromtheclouds.Wheredoesthecloudcomefrom?Itcomesfromthevapour.Wheredoesthevapourcomefrom?Itcomesfromthewaterintheriver.Thesunshinesandthewaterbecomesvapour.Howdoyoudothat?Book8:Mynosehurts.Howdoyoufeel?Ifeelsick.HowdoesAmyfeel?Youlooksohappy.Youlooksadtoday.现在进行时句型：表示说话时正在进行的动作或事件，或在短期内正在进行的动作或存在的情况。标志词是：now也常用在Look!Listen!等后面。句型主要结构为：be动词(am,is,are)+动词现在分词(v.ing)。该句型主要分布在第6册Unit4,5,6中。如：Whatareyoudoing?I’mdoingthedishes.I’mreadingabook.Grandpaiswritingaletter.Brotherisdoinghomework.Momiscookingdinnerinthekitchen.Heiswritingane-mailinthestudy.Whatisitdoing?It’seatingbananas.Whatisshedoing?She’sjumping.Whataretheydoing?They’rsewimming.They’reclimbingtrees.Areyoueatinglunch?No,wearen’t.Aretheyeatingthehoney?Yes,theyare.Isheplayingchess?Yes,heis.Isshecountinginsects?No,sheisn’t.一般过去时句型：表示过去发生的而现在已经结束的事件、动作或情况。句型基本结构为：主语 +动词过去式+其他。标志词通常是： yesterday,lastweek,lastyear等，在问句与否定句中要用助动词did。该句型分布在第8册Unit3&4中。如：Whatdidyoudolastweekend?Iplayedfootball.Didyouhelpthemcleantheirroom?Yes,Idid.Whatdidyoudoyesterday?Iwentfishing.Didyou