bibliography格式-论文参考文献格式

BibliographyFormatsAbibliographyshouldciteallthesourcesusedinpreparing aspeech—including Internetdocuments,personalinterviews,andtelevisionprograms,aswellasprintmaterialssuchasbooks, newspaper andmagazine articles,referenceworks,government documents, andthelike.Thereareanumberofbibliographicalformats,andyoushouldcheckwithyourinstructortoseewhichsheorhewantsyoutofollow.Examplesofthetwomajorformats —fromtheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation(APA)andthe ModernLanguageAssociation(MLA)—areprovidedbelow.Book:SingleAuthorMLARamos,Jorge.DyingtoCross:TheWorstImmigrantTragedyinAmericanHistory .NewYork:Harper,2005.APARamos,J.(2005). Dyingtocross:TheworstimmigranttragedyinAmericanhistory .NewYork:HarperCollins.Book:TwoorMoreAuthorsMLALevitt,StevenD.,andStephenJ.Dubner. Freakonomics:ARogueEconomistExplorestheHiddenSideofEverything .NewYork:Morrow-Harper,2005. ・APALevitt,S.D.,&Dubner,S.J.(2005). Freakonomics:Arogueeconomistexploresthehiddensideofeverything .NewYork:WilliamMorrow.Book:SecondorLaterEditionMLAFishman,Stephen. ThePublicDomain:HowtoFind&UseCopyright-FreeWritings,Music,Art&More.2nded.Berkeley:Nolo,2004.APAFishman,S.(2004). Thepublicdomain:Howtofind&usecopyright-freewritings,music,art,&more (2nded.).Berkeley:Nolo.Book:CorporateAuthorMLAMayoClinicHealthInformation. MayoClinicGuidetoWomen'sCancers .Rochester,MN:MayoClinicHealthInformation,2005.APAMayoClinicHealthInformation.(2005). Mayoclinicguidetowomen'scancers .Rochester,MN:MayoClinicHealthInformation.Book:AnthologyorCompilationMIASloane,ThomasO.,ed. EncyclopediaofRhetoric .NewYork:OxfordUniversityPress,2001.APASloaneTO(Ed)(2001) Encyclopediaofrhetoric NewYork:OxfordUniversityPress 一 — —7_X/X/ J———\——―—— —J ChapterinAnthologyorCompilationMLALucas,StephenE."PublicSpeaking." EncyclopediaofRhetoric .Ed.ThomasO.Sloane.NewYork*OxfordUniversityPress2001 64047APALucas,S.E.(2001).PublicSpeaking.InT.O.Sloane(Ed.), Encyclopediaofrhetoric (cc_Q/C上/~7\_MawVcrlz*Cvfc"!1 Draoo .SignedMagazineArticle

MLAJohnson,Steven."YourBrainonVideoGames:CouldTheyActuallybeGoodforYou?" DiscoverJuly2005:38-43.APAJohnson,S.(2005,July).Yourbrainonvideogames:Couldtheyactuallybegoodforyou?Discover ,26,38-43.UnsignedMagazineArticleMLA"BankingforNativeAmericans:OntheTrail." Economist19Feb.2005:70.APABankingfornativeAmericans:Onthetrail.(2005,February19). Economist ,374,70.JournalArticle,ContinuousPaginationMLAMolinsky,AndrewL.,MaryAnneKrabbenhoft,NaliniAmbady,andY.SusanChoi."CrackingtheNonverbalCode:InterculturalCompeteneeandGestureRecognitionAcrossCultures."JournalofCross-CulturalPsychology 36(2005):380-395.APAMolinsky,A.L.,Krabbenhoft,M.A.,Ambady,N.,&Choi,Y.S.(2005).Crackingthenonverbalcode:Interculturalcompeteneeandgesturerecognitionacrosscultures. JournalofCross-CulturalPsychology ,36,380-395.JournalArticle,NoncontinuousPaginationMLAGomez,Christina."LatinoDiversityandPoliticalRepresentation." JournalofLatino-LatinAmericanStudies 1.2(2004):19-32.APAGomez,C.(2004).Latinodiversityandpoliticalrepresentation. JournalofLatino-LatinAmericanStudies ,1(2),19-32.SignedNewspaperArticleMLAElliot,Andrea."InaNow-SuspiciousAmerica,MuslimConvertsFaceDiscrimination." NewYorkTimes 30Apr.2005,natl.ed.:A13.APAElliot,A.(2005,April30).Inanow-suspiciousAmerica,Muslimconvertsfacediscrimination. NewYorkTimes ,p.13A.UnsignedNewspaperArticleMLA"FatalError:Seat-BeltUseLessinPickups." ChicagoTribune 16May2005,Midwested.,sec.1:6.APAFatalerror:Seat-beltuselessinpickups.(2005,May16). ChicagoTribune ,section1,p.6.SignedNewspaperEditorialMLAReyes,RaulA."CineodeMayoandSocialSecurity."Editorial. USAToday 6May2005,finaled.:13A 丄APAReyesRA(2005May6)CincodeMayoandsocialsecurity[Editoria门 USATodayp13AUnsignedNewspaperEditorialMlN一APA....* *' * * '■■■ i ~ | --- -- - L -- --j- \ J 'J - /_ ---- -- _ __ _ _ 1 | _ _GovernmentPublicationMLAUnitedStates.U.S.EqualEmploymentOpportunityCommission. IndicatorsofEqualEmployment Opportunity StatusandTrends 'Washington*GPO2004 APAU.S.EqualEmploymentOpportunityCommission.(2004). Indicatorsofequalemploymentopportunity Statusandtrends .Washington,DC:U.S.GovernmentPrintingOffice.

30Apr.2005</%7Edistance/ojdla/summer72/kelsey72.html>.APAKelsey,K.D.,&D'souza,A.(2004).Studentmotivationforlearningatadistanee:Does 'interactionmatter?OnlineJournalofDistanceLearningAdministration,7(2).RetrievedApril30,2005,from/%7Edistance/ojdla/summer72/kelsey72.htmlOnlineGovernmentPublicationMLAUnitedStates.Dept.ofEnergy.EnergyInformationAdministration.OfficeofIntegratedAnalysisandForecasting. AnnualEnergyOutlook2005WithProjectionsto2025 .Feb.2005.13May2005</oiaf/aeo/pdf/0383(2005).pdf>.APAUnitedStatesDepartmentofEnergy,OfficeofIntegratedAnalysisandForecasting.(2005,February). Annualenergyoutlook2005withprojectionsto2025 .RetrievedMay13,2005,from/oiaf/aeo/pdf/0383(2005).pdfOnlineNewspaperArticleMLAWulfhorst,Ellen."Study:BlogsHaven'tDisplacedMedia." WashingtonPost 16May2005.17May2005<http://www.washington/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/05/16/AR2005051600884.html>.APAWulfhorst,E.(2005,May16).Study:Blogshaven'tdisplacedmedia. WashingtonPost .RetrievedMay17,2005,fromhttp://www.washingtonOnlineEditorialMLAKinsley,Michael."Remember:YouCan'tSwataFlywithaComputer."Editorial. LosAngelesTimes8May2005.11May2005<http://www」/news/opinion/la-oe-kinsley8may08,1,7723084.column?coll=la-util-op-ed>.APAKinsley,M.(2005,May8).Remember:Youcan'tswataflywithacomputer[Editorial]. LosAngelesTimes .RetrievedMay11,2005,fromhttp://www」/news/opinion/la-oe-kinsley8may08,1,7723084.column?coll=la-util-op-edOnlineMagazineArticleMLAHerper,Matthew."Race-BasedMedicineArrives." F10May2005.11May2005vhttp:〃\A/\A/\A/forbescom/business/2005/05/10/cxmh0509racemedicinehtml>APAHerper,M.(2005,May10).Race-basedmedicinearrives. F.RetrievedMay11,2005,from/business/2005/05/10/cxmh0509racemedicine.htmlDocumentAccessedfromOnlineServiceMLAMcCartney,Anthony."OnlineThievesAreFishingForSuckers." TampaTribune 9Feb.2005:9.AcademicUniverse:News .Lexis-Nexis.MemorialLibrary,Madison,WI.4June2005<http://weblexis-nexiscom/