高三英语语法大全

andthenposteditatthenearbypostoffice.A.it,herB.it,herselfC.herself,herD.herself,herself－Doyoulikehere?－Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayoflife.Everythingissonice.A.thisB.theseC.thatD.it－Whoismakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden?－thechildren.A.ItisB.TheyareC.ThatisD.ThereareIhopethereareenoughglassesforeachguesttohave.A.itB.thoseC.themD.oneisthesunthatgivesofflightandheat,makespossibleforplantstogrow.A.It,that,usB.This,that,itC.It,which,itD.That,which,us－Whatdoyouthinkofthefurnitureonexhibition?－Well,great!ButIdon'tthinkmuchofyoubought.A.theoneB.itC.thatD.whichI'velearned,nomatterwhathappensandhowbadseemstoday,lifegoesonanditwillbebettertomorrow.A.that,itB.it,thatC.it,itD.that,thatKeys：CCACBBADBDADCCA高三英语语法复习（七）英语中语气有三种：陈述语气、虚拟语气和祈使语气。虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不是表示客观存在的事实。一、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句和主句中表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去时（be动词的过去式用were）”，而主句中的谓语动词用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。如：IfIwereaboy,Iwouldjointhearmy.Ifshehadtime：sheshouldgowithyou.表示与过去的事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would/should/might/could+不定式的完成时”。如：Ifhehadtakenmyadvice：hewouldhavesucceededinthecompetition.IfIhadknownhertelephonenumber：Iwouldhavecalledher.表示与将来事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时或should（wereto）+动词原形，而主句中的谓语动词则用would/should/couldmight+动词原形。如；Ifitweretoraintomorrow：thefootballmatchwouldbeputoff.IfIsawhimtomorrow，Iwouldpassyournotetohim.Ifitshouldraintomorrow：Imightgetlost.混合条件句：当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，这时主、从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。如：Iftheyhadworkedhard：theywouldbeverytired.（从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在）Ifshehadn'ttrainedsohard：shewouldn'tbeabletorunfast.（同上）附：以下表格是虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中时，主句和从句谓语动词的形式：条件状语从句主句与过去事实相反had+过去分词would/should/could/might+have+过去分词与现在事实相反一般过去时（be用were）would/should/could/might+动词原形与将来事实相反一般过去时或should（wereto）+动词原形would/should/could/might+动词原形5.省略if的条件状语从句：如果条件状语从句含有系动词were或助动词should或had，有时候在使用时可省略if,从句则可换成下列形式，即“were/had/should+主语”。如：WereIaboy：Iwouldjointhearmy.=IfIwereaboy：Iwouldjointhearmy.Hadhetakenmyadvice：hewouldhavesucceeded.=Ifhehadtakenmyadvice：hewouldhavesucceeded.Shoulditrain：thecropswouldbesaved..=Ifitshouldrain：thecropswouldbesaved.二、虚拟语气用于名词性从句中虚拟语气在某些动词的宾语从句中的运用。（1）wish“wish+宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时（be动词的过去式用were）；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could+动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时或“could（should）+不定式的完成时”。如：Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.IwishIhadknowntheanswer.IwishIcouldflylikeabird.(2)在表示建议、要求、命令等一类的动词如suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist、request、command、order等后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should+动词原形或是动词原形。如：Shesuggested(that)we(should)leavehereatonce.Thedoctororderedsheshouldbeoperatedon.Heinsistedthatyou(should)beseatedthere.注意：①当suggest不表示“建议”而是表示“暗示”“认为”“可能”“使人联想起”时，宾语从句中的谓语动词用陈述语气。如：Herexpressionsuggestedthatshewasangry.②当insist不表示“坚持让某人做某事”时，宾语从句中的谓语动词用陈述语气。如;Heinsistedthathewerebetter.(insist此处表示“坚持说，坚持认为”)2．虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词advice、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request、requirement等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”。如：Hissuggestionthatwe(should)gotoShanghaiiswonderful.Myideaisthatthey(should)pay100dollars.Hisorderisthatthecloth(should)bewovenrightnow.3．虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。Itisnecessarythat的句型中。在这类句型中，这些做表语的形容词或名词表示情绪、观点。这时，主语从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等含义。这一类形容词或名词有：necessary,important,natural,strange,surprising,apity，nowonder,ashame等。如：Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)thatweshouldcleantheroomeveryday.Itwasapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)thatyoushouldbesocareless.Itisordered/suggestedthat的句型中。在这一类句型中，主语从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”的结构。这一类的动词有:suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist、request、command、order等。如：Itisorderedthatthecloth(should)bewovenrightnow.注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that从句也可用陈述句语气。如：Itisapitythatyoucan'tswim.三、虚拟语气在其他从句中的运用1.在asif/asthough引导的状语从句中的用法:从句中的谓语动词用过去时(be动词的过去式用were)或过去完成时表示虚拟语气。如：Helooksasifhewereill.Helookedasifhewereill.Hespokeasthoughhehadknownit.注意：(1)asif从句的虚拟语气动词的时态不受主句动词的支配。(2)asif从句中表达的意思时真实的要用陈述语气。如：在Itis(high)time(that)...从句中的用法：从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或should+动词原形，表示“(现在)该"，但此时should不可省略。如：It'stimethatIpickedupmydaughter.It'shightimeweshouldplanttreesthere.3.在ifonly句型中的用法：句中的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或过去完成时，

表示“要是……该有多好啊！如：IfonlyIwereabird.IfonlyIhadtakenhisadvice.4．wouldrather的从句后面用过去时表将来。如Iwouldratheryoutoldmethetruth.5．表示祝愿或诅咒的祈使句。如：Mayyousucceed!Godblessyou!练习1．Youarelate.IfyouA.came；wouldmeetafewminutesearlier,youB.him.hadcome；wouldhavemet2.31．Youarelate.IfyouA.came；wouldmeetafewminutesearlier,youB.him.hadcome；wouldhavemet2.3.4.C.come；willmeetIenjoyedthemovieverymuch.A.havereadB.hadreadD.IwishIhadcome；wouldmeetthebookfromwhichitwasmade.C.shouldhavereadD.amreadingIcan'tstandhim.Healwaystalksasthoughheeverything*A.knewB.knowsC.hasknowHewasbusyyesterday,otherwisehetothemeeting.A.wouldcomeB.wouldhavebeenD.hadknownD.wouldbeCD.wouldbeWhatwouldyoudoifthewar?isbrokenB.willbreakoutC.weretobreakoutD.wouldbreakoutthefog,weshouldhavereachedourschool.A.BecauseofB.InspiteofC.IncaseofD.ButforThetwostrangerstalkedasiftheyfriendsforyears.A.shouldbeB.hadbeenC.havebeenD.were,Iwouldtakeanumbrellawithme.A.HadIbeenyouB.IwereyouC.WereIyouD.IhadbeenyouHistiredfacesuggestedthathereallytiredafterthelongwalk.A.hadbeenB.wasC.beD.shouldbeOurchairmanhasn'tcomeyet.Ifheontime,wewouldhavetoputoffthemeeting．A．shouldcomeB．wouldcomeC．shouldn'tcomeD．doesn'tcomeItisrequiredthatyouatsix..A.willarriveB.arriveC.arrivedD.wouldarrivehereyesterday,hewouldattendthelecturewithustoday.A．HadhebeenB．IfhewereC．WereheD．ShouldbeheTheteacherrequiresRosebyheart15Englishwordseachday.A．1earnB．tolearnC．mustlearnD．1earningIfI__you,I___moreattentiontoEnglishidiomsandphrases.A.was/shallpayB.am/willpayC.wouldbe/wouldpayD.were/wouldpayIfonlyIhowtooperateanelectroniccomputerasyoudo.A.hadknownB.wouldknowC.shouldknowD.knew16.Jane'suncleinsistedinthishotelanylonger.A.notstayingB.nottostayC.thathenotstayD.stayingnotI'dratheryou___rightaw.ayA.leaveB.leftC.willleaveD.toleaveA.leaveB.leftC.willleaveD.toleaveWithoutelectricityhumanlifequitedifferent.todayA.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe19It'shightimethatwe___toschool.A.wouldtoB.wentC.goD.willgo．Heinsistedthathereallyverytriedandthathetohavearest.A．A．was；beallowedB.was；mustbeallowedC.shouldbe；mustbeallowedD.shouldbe；beallowedItisreallystrangethatthegirl___soe.arlyA.hasbeenmarriedB.hasmarriedC.bemarriedD.wouldmarryIdidn'tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe,shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcomeTheteacheragreedtotheadvicethatthestudents___twoweekstopreparefortheexam.A.giveB.shouldgiveC.begivenD.wouldbegivenIfwehadnotmissedthebus,welunchathomenow.A.wouldhavehadB.wouldhaveC.mustbehavingD.wouldbehavingTheJadeEmperororderedthattheMonkeyKingright.awayA.wouldbearrestedB.mustbearrestedC.bearrestedD.hadtobearrestedC.bearrestedKeys:l-5BBABC6-10DBCBC11-15BABDD16-20CBDBA21-25CDCDC)高三英语语法复习（八）名词性从句提醒：近年高考对名词性从句的考查不仅是从语法角度，而且更加注重前后逻辑关系。一、主语从句一个从句在连词的引导下，在主句中作主语，叫主语从句。如：Thatyouareleavingisapity,isn'tit?Whenwe'llgooutdependontheweather.为了保持句子平衡，主语从句常用it作形式主语，将主语从句后置。如：Itisapitythatwecan'tgo.Itisreported/said/well-known/announced/believed/certain/admiredthat...二、表语从句在句子中充当表语的句子叫表语从句。可接表语从句的连系动词有be,seem,appear.become,turn,get等。注意连词that不能省略，另外要注意asif,asthough,because,why等也可以引导表语从句。如：Thereasonisthathegotillthatday.Thatiswhyhegotangrywithme.三、宾语从句从句在句中充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句。在宾语从句中，语序要注意是陈述句语序；主句与宾语从句之间时态要相互照应。在考试中常考查1.that的省略；2•否定转移；3•虚拟语气的应用；4•含有宾语从句复合句的反意疑问句。四、同位语从句从句在句子中充当同位语的句子叫同位语从句。能接同位语的名词常见的有belief,fact,idea,doubt,news,conclusion,reason,opinion,possibility,promise,cause,explanantion等。注意区别由that引导的同位语从句和定语从句。I'veheardthenewsthathetoldyoutheotherday.（定语从句）I'veheardthenewsthathevisitedourfactory.（同位语从句）练习hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.whoevermadetheschoolproudwasmorethat90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversity.A.What;becauseB.What;thatC.That;whatD.That;becauseYouaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisisIdisagree.A.whyB.whereC.whatD.howAreyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday'sgame?Oh,that's.whatmakesmefeelexcitedwhateverIfeelexcitedabout

howIfeelaboutitwhenIfeelexcitedManypeoplehavediscoveredprofitableaswellasfunhobbiescanbe.A.it;thatB.them;thatC.it;whenD.them;whenThelearnedmanwonderedelectricitywasinsomewaylikelightningduringathunderstom.A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.howEverythingdependsontheywillsupportyou.A.ifB.whichC.whetherD.thatIlikeintheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.oneTheplananewhospitalwillbebuilttherewilloutsoon.A.where;becarriedB.that;becarriedC.where;carryD.whether;becarryingAlongwiththeletterwashispromisehewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whetherWhatIaskedhimisthestoryhappened.A.whenandwhatB.whatandwhereC.whichandwhereD.whenandwhereIrememberthedayIfirstcametothecollege.A.onwhichB.inwhichC.whichD.thatItistheyoungmanlookedforcaughtthemurderer.A.that;whoB.that;theyC.they;thatD.they;whichThissummerheisgoingtoLondon,thereisgoingtobeanartexhibitionandsomefamousartistshim.A.where;thatinterestsB.there;whointerestC.where;thatinterestD.which;thatinterestsWheneverhewaslate,wassooftenfound,hewasletinwithoutbeingscolded.A.itB.thatC.whoD.whichMyquestionisweshouldofferourhelptosuchalazypeole,don'ttrytheirbest.A.if,theyB.whether,whoC.why,theyD.when,whoWe'llknowthenewsMarygotfromTom.A.whenB.whereC./D.whom18.FathermadeapromiseIpassedtheexaminationhewouldbuymeabicycle.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.thatifIhadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella.Igotwetthrough.A.It'sthereasonC.There'swhyA.It'sthereasonC.There'swhy20.IrememberD.It'showthisusedtobeaquietvillage.A.whenB.howC.whereD.whatA.whenB.howC.whereD.whatThereasonshegavefornotbeingpresentwastheheavyrainpreventedhercoming.A./;becauseB.why;becauseC./;thatD.why;whetherIwasfreethatevening.A.IthappenedtoB.IthappenedthatC.ThathappenedD.Itwashappenedthatpeoplelfirstappearedontheearth.A.NobodyissurethatB.ThatnobodyissurethatC.NobodyissurewhenD.Thatnobodyissurewhenwecan'tgetseemsbetterthanwehave.A.What;whatC.That;thatA.What;whatC.That;thatB.What;thatD.That;whatThereasonhehasbeensuchasuccesshenevergivesup.A.iswhatB.isthatC.isbecauseD.isKey:D.2.B.3.B.4.A.5.A.6.A.7.C.8.C.9.B.10.B.11.D.12.A.13.C.14.C.15.D.16.B.17.C.18.D.19.B.20.A.21.C.22.B.23.C.24.A.25.B.高三英语语法复习（九）定语从句定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名次或代词即现行词。定语从句通常出现在现行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。关系代词有：which、that、who、whom、whose关系副词有：when、where、why定语从句的引导词既起引导从句的作用，同时又担任从句的主语、宾语、定语(whose)、和状语，在限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词可以省略，在非限制性定从中不可省。一、由which、that引导的定从，在从句中作主语、宾语，指物Thebuildingwhich/thatstandsneartheriverisourschool.Ilostthebook(which/that)yougaveme.二、由who、whom、that、whose在从句中主语、宾语、定语Thisisthemanwho/thathelpedme.Idon'tknowtheman(who/whom/that)youtalkedwith.Nobodywantsthehouse「whoseroofhasfallenin.Jtheroofofwhichhasfallenin.

」ofwhichtheroofhasfallenin.三、使用关系副词应注意下列几点：关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构：when=on(in,at,during...)+whichwhere=in(at,on.)+whichwhy=forwhichIwasinBeijingonthedaywhen(=onwhich)hearrived.Theofficewhere(=inwhich)heworksisonthethirdfloor.Thisisthechiefreasonwhy(=forwhich)wedidit.当先行词是表时间和表地点的词时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that;缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，I'llneverforgetthedaywhenmyhometownwasliberated.I'llneverforgetthedayswhich/thatwespenttogetherlastsummer.Hisfatherworksinafactorywhereradiopartsaremade.Hisfatherworksinafactorywhich/thatmakesradioparts.when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。而why只能引导限制性定语从句。四、只用that的情形先行词是不定代词all,(a)little,few,much,none,everything,something,anything,nothing,等Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.InthisfactoryIsawlittle/muchthatwasdifferentfromours.先行词被all,any,no,much,little,few,every等限定词所修饰时。Weheardclearlyeverywordthathesaid先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时Thisisthebestfilm(that)Ihaveeverseen.先行词被序数词修饰时ThefirstEnglishnovel(that)IreadwasATaleofTwoCities.ThistrainisthelastthatwillgotoSuzhou.先行词被theonly,thevery修饰时Theonlythingthatwecandoistogiveyousomemoney.Thisistheverybook(that)I'vebeenlookingfor.先行词既有人又有物时Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout?当特殊疑问词由who或which引导时，为避免重复，常用that代替who或whichWhoisthemanthatisstandingbythedoor?Whichisthedictionary(that)youboughtyesterday?当先行词在主句中做表语，而关系代词也在从句中作表语Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe..五、"介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句当介词放在关系代词的前面时，介词宾语只用which或whom，关系代词不能省略ThisisthehouseinwhichShakespeareusedtolive.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn'tsinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.RecentlyIboughtanancientvase,thepriceofwhichwasveryreasonable.“复合介词短语+关系代词which”引导的定语从句，这种结构常与先行词用逗号分开，定语从句常用倒装语序Helivedinabighouse,infrontofwhichstoodabigtalltree.介词+which/whom+不定式结构{inwhichtolive.inwhichhecanlive.tolivein.4.在一些固定搭配中(lookfor，takecareof...)，介词不可以提前ThisisthepenwhichI'mlookingfor.六、关系代词as，which引导定语从句时的区别1.As与which都可以代指主句中的一部分或整个句子，有时可以互换，但是，

当非限制性定语从句放在主句前面时，只能用as,不能用whicho

Asisknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.=Itisknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.=Whatisknowntoeverybodyisthatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.2.当as在从句中作主语时，后面常接动词的被动语态。如：beknown,besaid,bereported.beannounced等。如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般用which作主语。Shehasbeenabsentagain,asisexpected.Tomhasmaderapidprogress,whichmakesmeveryhappy.as常用在as(it)seemslikely,as{it}oftenhappens,as(it)waspointedout,as(it)wassaidearlier,asIremember(it),asIunderstand(it),as(it)appears等结构中。Jackhaswonthefirstprize,asitoftenhappen.(像往常一样)Asispointedout,thisisgrammarproblem.当非限制性定语从句的谓语是一个复合结构时，只能用whichBettyalwaystellsalie,whichherparentsfindstrange.七、定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致1.oneof+复数名词+关系代词+复数动词TheGreatWallisoneoftheworld-famousbuildingsthathavedrawlotsofvisitors.2.the（only）oneof+复数名词+关系代词+单数动词TheGreatWallistheonly（one）ofthebuildingsontheearththatis_seenfromthemoon.注意：nottheonlyoneof...=onlyoneof...Tomisn'ttheonlyoneoftheboyswhohavepassedtheexam.as/which引导非限制性定从，修饰主句内容时，且作主语，从句的谓语动词用单数GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina,asisknowntoall.Hehaspassedthecollageentranceexamination,whichmakeshisparentsquitehappy.八、几种较为复杂的定语从句1．way后面的定.语从句Thewaythat/which/Xheexplainedtouswasquitesimple.Thewaythat/inwhich/Xheexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.1.time若表示“次数”用that,若表示“一段时间”用when或at/during+whichThisisthesecondtimethatthePresidenthasvisitedthecountry.Thiswasatatimewhen/duringwhichtherewerenoradios,notelephonesornoTVsets.3.such+名词+as…像…一样的，像…之类thesame+名词+as...和…同样的Heissuchacleverboyaseveryonelikes.（定从）Heissuchacleverboythateveryonelikeshim.（结果状从）但先行词被thesame修饰时，that也可引导定从，但意义有所不同。Thisisthesamewatchas_Ilost.（指同样或同类的）ThisisthesamewatchthatIlost.（扌旨同一个）练习Ihavemanyfriends,somearebusinessmen.A.ofthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhomWomendrinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthosedon't.A.who;不填B.不填;whoC.who;whoD.不填；不填We'rejusttoreachapointbothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.A.whereB.thatC.whenD.whichThefilmbroughtthehoursbacktomeIwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.whereYork,lastyear,isaniceoldcity.A.thatIvisitedB.whichIvisitedC.whereIvisitedD.inwhichIvisitedWearelivinginanagemanythingsaredoneoncomputer.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.whenIexplainedonthephone,yourrequestwillbeconsideredatthenextmeeting.A.WhenB.AfterC.AsD.Since

Ifashophaschairswomencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.whereIhavemanyfriends,somearebusinessmen.A.ofthemB.fromwhichC.ofwhomD.whoofHersisterhasbecomealawyer,shewantedtobe.A．whoB.thatC.whatD.whichManypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememberedthescenespeoplewereeatenbythetiger.A.inwhichB.bywhichC.whichD.thatIsthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?Right,justtheoneyouknowIusedtoworkforyears.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.whatThecountrylifehewasusedtogreatlysince1992.A.changeB.haschangedC.changingD.havechangedTherearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelf,fivearemine.A.onwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhichWhatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbuthesaidit.A．thewayB.inthewaythatC．inthewayD.thewaywhichI'lltellyouhetoldmelastnight.A.allwhichB.allwhatC.thatallD.allA.allwhichB.allwhatC.thatallD.allWhohascommonsensewilldosuchathing?A.whichB.whoC.whomD.thatWearegoingtospendtheSpringfestivalinGuangzhou,livemygrandparentsandsomerelatives.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.whoHeoftenhelpsthestudentshethinksarenotquickattheirstudies.A.whomB.whoC.whenD.becauseThebuses,werealreadyfull,weresurroundedbyanangrycrowd.A.mostofthatB.whichmostC.mostofwhichD.thatmostHeisamanofgreatexperience,muchcanbelearned.A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhomMyglasses,Iwaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbroke.A.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhichD.thatIworkinabusinessalmosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.A.whereB.whichC.howD.thatisoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.AsIgavehimawarning,heturnedadeafear.A.ofwhichB.forwhichC.tothatD.towhichKeys:DCACBDCDCDACBCADDCBCDCADD高三英语语法复习（十）状语从句状语从句（也称副词性从句）可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件方式、让步和比较九种意义。、如何识别状语从句试比较：Itryhard,butIcanneverremembertheirnames.我尽管努力，但总是记不住他们的名字。HoweverhardItry,Icanneverremembertheirnames.

无论我多么努力，却总是记不住他们的名字。分析：在前一句中，but属并列连词（表转折），表示句子彼此之间具有并列关系；在第二句中，howeverhardItry是一个状从，告诉我们有关canneverremember的某些情况（或者说“修饰”它）。二、时间状语从句1．引导时间状从的连词和词组有：when,while,as（当…时候）;assoonas,themoment,directly,instantly,immediately（一…就）;until,till（直到…）;before;after;since,eversince（自…以来）;once;whenever;everytime,eachtime（每次）2．时间状从中，可用一般现在时表一般将来时，用一般过去时表过去将来时，用现在进行时表将来进行时。例:Iwilltellhimwhenhecomesback.注：虽然在时间状从中一般不用将来时，但在名词从句中，when后可用will。例:Thehotelreceptionistwantstoknowwhenwewillbecheckingouttomorrowmorning.旅馆招待员想要知道我们明早什么时候离开。三、地点状语从句引导地点状从的连词：where,wherever（无论何地）,everywhere（每…地方）,anywhere（无论何处）等。例：ThereareplentyofsheepwhereIlive.Youcan'tcampwhereveryoulikethesedays.如今你不能随意在哪儿宿营。四、原因状语从句这类从句一般回答why?的问题，并可以由以下从属连词引导：because,as,since,now（that）（既然）,seeingthat（鉴于）等。because表原因的语气最强，通常回答why引导的问句，一般跟在主句后（为了强调讲话对象可能不知道的原因）例：Jimistryingtofindaplaceofhisownbecausehewantstofeelindependent.吉姆在设法找一个属于他自己的住处，因为他想要自立感。since表稍加分析后推断出的原因，比as正式；as表示对方已经知道的原因。（since和as不回答why引导的问句，且从句一般放句首）例:Sincenooneisagainstit,let'scarryouttheplan.既然没人反对，我们就执行这个计划Ashewasn'treadyint,iwmeewentwithouthim.由于他未及时准备好，我们没等他就走了。注：for也常引导表原因的分句，但for是并列连词，因此不能放句首；for所提供的理由是一种补充性的说明，且for前常有逗号。例：Thedaysareshort,foritisnowDecember.白天短了，因为已是12月了。五、目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的连词有：inorderthat,sothat（为了）;forfear（that）,incase,lest（以免）等。1．inorderthat,sothat引导的目的状从中常用情态动词：现在时态常用may,can或will;过去时态常用could,should或might,有时也用would.Inorderthat更正式，位置可放主句前或主句后；sothat引导的状从只可放主句后。例：Ihavearrivedearlysothat/inorderthatImay/can/willgetagoodviewoftheprocession.我到得很早，以便我可/能/会好好看看那行进的队伍。IarrivedearlysothatinorderthatIshould/could/might/wouldgetagoodviewoftheprocession.注：在sothat和inorderthat后的否定式Iarrivedearlysothat/inorderthatImightnotmissanything_.(也可用shouldnot或wouldnot，但不能用couldnot)我到得很早，以免错过什么。2．incase当句子表将来时间时，在incase后必须用should,might或现在时。例:I'mtakingaraincoatwithmeincaseIneed(Imight/shouldneed)it.我随身带有雨衣，以备不时之需。3.forfear(that)后常跟might.例:Iboughtthecaratonceforfear(that)hemightchangehismind.我马上买下那辆汽车，以免他变卦。六、结果状语从句引导结果状从的连词：so...that,such...that（如此…以至于）；sothat,that（结果）等。例：Hisreactionsaresoquickthatnoonecanmatchhim.他的反应如此敏捷以致无人比得上他。Heissuchamarvelousjokerthatyoucan'thelplaughing.他是一个如此奇妙的诙谐人物，以致弄得你不能不笑。注：目的状语从句和结果状语从句的比较：在目的从句中，我们任何时候都可以用inorderthat来替代sothat,而结果从句中则不可以。例：Wearrivedearlysothat/inorderthatwecouldgetgoodseats.我们到得早，以便找到好位子。（我们是为此目的而早到的）Wearrivedearly,sothatwegotgoodseats.（或：Wearrivedsoearlythatwegotgoodseats.）我们到得早，因此我们找到了好位子。（我们找到好位子是早到的结果。）七、条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的连词或词组有：if,suppose,supposing（that）,provided,providing（that）,onconditionthat（如果，假若）；unless（除非）;so（或as）longas（只要）;incase（万一）。1．在条件状从中，要用一般时态代替将来时（和时间状从相同）。例:Youwillmissthetrainifyoudon'thurry.Youwouldmissthetrainifyoudidn'thurry.如果你不快点，就会误了火车。注：will表示“愿意”时，是情态动词，可用于条件状从：Ifyouwillgo,pleasetellme.如果你愿意去的话，请告诉我。unless在意义上等于if•••not,但比if语气更强；if可用于虚拟语气，unless则不用于虚拟语气。例：Youwillfailunlessyoustudyhard.（=Youwillfailifyoudonotstudyhard.）suppose和supposing（that）相当于vided,providingthat,onconditionthat,so（as）longas相当于onlyif.例：Aslongas（=Onlyif）youdon'loseheart,youwillsucceed.只要你不灰心，你就会成功。5．incase:Dotellusincaseyouhaveanytrouble.万一有什么困难，一定告诉我们。八、方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的连词：as（如同）;asif（或asthough）（好象）.例：TypethisagainasIshowedyouamomentago.把这份材料按我刚才告诉你的那样再打一遍。注：1.as和like都有“好象”的意思，as是连词，后加句子；like是介词，后加名词、代词或名词性短语:Iworkasothersdo（或likeothers）.我像别人那样工作。2.asif,asthough两者意义相同，从句谓语动词常用虚拟语气，asif比asthough更常用：Sheactedasif/asthoughsheweremad.她的举动像是疯了一样。asif和asthough有时可引导表语从句。九、让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的连词和词组有：although,though（虽然）;evenif（或eventhough）（即使）;as,while（尽管）;whether^or（不论…还是）;whoever,nomatterwho（无论谁）;whenever,nomatterwhen（无论何时）;however,nomatterhow（无论怎样）;whatever,nomatterwhat（无论什么）等。1．Although和though都表示“虽然”，但although比though正式，更多用于句首；二者都可与yet,still或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。例：Hedidn'tstopworkingthough/althoughhewasill.他虽然病了，但未停止工作。as引导的让步状语从句要用倒装语序，可用though代替，但比though语气强,被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语和动词原形。例：Childasheis,heknownalot.他虽然是个孩子，但懂得很多。whatever（或whenever…）和nomatterwhat（或when）二者都引导让步状语从句，但前者有时还可引导名词性从句，后者则不行。例：Whatever（=Nomatterwhat）yousay,Iwon'tbelieveyou.（状语从句）不管你说什么，我决不相信你的话。I'lleatwhatever（Hnomatterwhat）yougiveme.（宾语从句）

你给我什么我就吃什么。While有时也可引导让步状语从句，但一般要位于句首：例：WhileIlikethecolour,Idon'tliketheshape.我虽然喜欢那颜色，但不喜欢不形状。十、比较状语从句这类从句经常回答How?（怎么样）的问题，后面跟着或暗含着inrelationto或comparedwith.（如：Howquickisheinrelationto/comparedwith…?较之于…他有多快？）。比较状从包括：as・・・as（和样）；notso/as•••&$（和…不一样）；-erthan（比…更）；morethan（比…更多）；less…than（比…更少）;the・・・the（越…越）等结构。当句子里两个动词相同，时态也一样时，则第二个动词可省略。例：Heisasquickinansweringashissister（is）.Heanswersasquicklyashissister（does）.他回答得和他妹妹一样快。Themoreyoupractice,thebetteryouget.你练得越多,效果就越好.Hedidn'tsellhalfas/somanyvideosashethoughthewould.他售出的录像带还不到他设想的一半.练习1.IgettoPairs,I'llcallyouupattheairport.A.SinceB.WhileC.OnceD.Although2.theheadmastercomes,wewon'tdiscussthisplan.A.UnlessB.IfnotC.ExceptD.Whether3.Billmusthavebeenawayfromtheoffice.howmanytimesIphonedhim,nobodyansweredit.A.WhateverB.NomatterC.InspiteofD.Though4.IhadbeentoBeijinglongyouvisitedit.A.beforeB.tillC.afterD.when,heisgoodatdrawing.A.TobeachildB.AchildasheisC.AsachildD.Childasheis6.Don'tbediscouragedyouhavefallenbehindothers.A.whetherB.asifC.evenifD.however7.Wecangetthereontimethecardoesn'tbreakdown.A.whileB.aslongasC.sothatD.evenif8.Thevaseontheleftisthantheoneontheright,andnot.A.morenicer;soexpensiveB.muchmorebetter;asexpensiveC.nicer;asexpensiveD.better;suchexpensive9.Itwasn'tlonghejoinedthejob.A.thatB.beforeC.untilD.andTheseplanescanflythantheoldones.A.asfastthreetimesB.threetimesasfastC.threetimesfastD.threetimesfasterhadthebellrungthestudentstooktheirseats.A.Hardly;whenB.Nosooner;whenC.Hardly;thanD.Nosooner;thenmanytimes，buthestillcouldn'tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.ThoughhadbeentoldC.Hewasto1dD.Havingto1d13.wehavecome,let'sstayandenjoyit.A.ForB.AsC.BecauseD.Since14.You'dbetterdoyouarerequired.A.1ikeB.whichC.thatD.as15.thatnoneofuscouldfollowhim.A.HespokeveryfastB.SofasthespokeC.ToofasthespokeD.Sofastdidhespeak16.1x11startearly,itmaybedark.A.howeverB.whetherC.ifD.though17.thebabyfe11as1eeptheroom.A.After;didthemother1eaveB.Notunti1;didthemother1eaveC.Notunti1;themother1eftD.Soonafter;themotherhad1eft18.thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.AsD.While19.Hecan'thavegoneout,thelightisstillon.A.becauseB.sinceC.asD.for20.IwaswalkingalongtheriverIheardacryforhelp.A.whileB.sinceC.whenD.as21.Weshouldn'tdothatdangerousexperimenttheteacheriswithas.A.ifnotB.ifC.unlessD.aslongasHehaslittleeducationheisunabletofindajob.A.such,thatB.so,andC.so,thatD.such,andThesoldierwaswounded，hepushedon.A.forB.andC.soD.yetThefullletterreadsfollows.A.likeB.asC.thatD.whichWillyougoourmotherlandneedsusmostaftergraduation?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.totheplacewhichThisisarevisionpaper.Whenyoudoit,you'dbettermakeamarkyouhavequestions.A.whereB.theplaceC.asifD.sinceWaterpowerstationarebuiltbigwaterfalls.A.wherethereareB.wheretherehaveC.whichhasD.whichare28.IamsureI'llmeetkind－heartedmanIgo.A.whereB.totheplacewhereC.whereverD.theplace29.Sheissogoodatplayingtable－tennisthatshecanhittheballshewantsittogo.A.theplacewhereB.thatC.inwhichD.where30.Itwashismothercameintopreparehislessons.A.notuntil,didtheboybeginB.until,thattheboybeganC.until,didtheboybeginD.notuntil,thattheboybeganKeys:1－5CABAD6－10CBCBD11－15ACDDD16－20DBCDC21－25CCDBB26－30AACDD高三英语语法复习（十一）非谓语（上）宾语复合结构（宾语+宾语补足语）、.固定词汇用法:大量的宾语复合结构存在于固定的词汇用法中。eg:1.wantsb.todosth.2.forcesb.todosth.、高考常考的宾语复合结构包括：使役动词，感官动词和with结构。

使役和致使动词:（宾补分为两种情况，即宾语与宾补有主谓关系和宾语与宾补有主系表关系）第一类：宾语与宾补有主谓关系：rdosth.（—般）\（主动）（1）havesb/sth[doingsth.（进行）〜done（被动）have的特殊用法：.Wecan'thavethatsortofthinghappeningagain.（听凭，任由）Ihadmyhaircut.Ihadmylegbroken.2）getsb/sth2）getsb/sthdoingsth.done3）makesb/sthdosth.done43）makesb/sthdosth.done4）leave/keepsb/sthdoingsth.done感官动词+sb/sth感官动词感官动词+sb/sth感官动词+sb/sth｛譽■Prep-phraseleave和keep的语意区别：eg:①IkepthimwaitingoutsidebecauseIwasbusythen.②ShallIclosethewindow?No,itistoohothere.Justleavethewindowopen.（5）setsb/sthdoingsth.（通常用现在分词，不用过去分词。意义：使…陷入某种状态之中）'sb.todo=makesb.dosth.（这个结构中只有sb没有sth）eg:①Hesettheclockgoing.Herwordssetmethinkingdeeply.Theteacherseteverystudenttowriteanessayof2000words.（6）letsb/sthJdobedone第二类：宾语与宾补有主系表关系：「adj.使役和致使动词+*sb/sthn.、Prep-phrase2.感官动词:（感官动词的结构全部一样）see，watch，notice，observe，lookat；hear，listento；feel，find，smelldosth.（一般或结果）doingsth.（进行）done（被动）/beingdone（进行）

备注：（1）感官动词/使役动词+sb./sth.+do的结构中,如果该感官动词/使役动词被动变成形式时,do要变成todo.（2）感官动词/使役动词+sb./sth.+do的结构中,do所表示的状态不完全一样。Eg:Isawhimplayhereyesterday.（表示看至U全过程）Iseehimplayhereeveryday.（经常性动作）Ihavemystudentsdosomehouseworkfortheirparentssometimes.with/without结构With/withoutsb/sth.doingWith/withoutsb/sth.■done（被动）/beingdone（进行）with/withoutsthtodo=havingsthtodowith/withoutsthtodo=havingsthtodo练习1.Don'tleavethewaterwhileyoubrushyourteeth.A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun2.Thestudentsaretoldtohavetheirclassroombeforeclass.A.cleanB.cleanedC.cleaningD.toclean3.Theteachergotthestudentsallthewordstheydidn'tknow.A.lookedupB.lookinginC.tolookupD.lookat4.HavingreadtheEmperor'sNewClothes,weallfounditA.interestB.interestedC.interestingD.tointerest5.Wefoundmanypeopleinthemeetingroom.A.seatB.seatingC.toseatD.seated6.Don'tleavetheworkbyothers.A.doingB.doneC.todoD.beingdone7.Ican'twrite,standingby.A.hisB.himC.withheD.withhim8.Withoutanywork__,theywentouting.A.tobedoneB.todoC.doneD.doing9.I'veheardhim_aboutyouoften.A.spokeB.speakingC.speakD.tospeak10.Icouldn'tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoiseA.goingonB.goesonC.wentonD.togoon11.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman___hishandintothepocketofpassenger.A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting13.Whathesaidsetmeforalongtime.A.tothinkB.thinkingC.thoughtD.think14.MywalletwasseenoutofmypocketwhenIwasridingbyapasser-by.A.slipB.toslipC.slippingD.slippedKeys:BBCCD/BDBCA/DBB非谓语作定语、解题步骤：1、确定所处理的成分为定语2、根据答案，选择流程图中起点，即从定语从句的角度作题还是

从非谓语的角度作题3、按照流程图操作、解题步骤流程图：定语v非谓语表r从句（连词，谓语定语v非谓语表1、确定nv的主谓关系时间或状态表二不及物动词主动被动todo（将来）Xdoing（进行及一般）Xdone（过去）X及物动词主动被动todo（将来）tobedonetodo（将来）doing（进行及一般）beingdone（进行）done（过去或一般）理解表格含义：eg:表一.将要建的桥：abridgetobebuilt正在建的桥；abridgebeingbuilt建好了的桥abuiltbridge表二.下星期theweektocome沸水boilingwater开水boiledwater使用流程图解题：Thepenbelongstome.A.lainonthetableB.layingonthetableC.thatwasonthetableD.whichisonthetable确定所缺成分为定语；先看答案，答案出现了定语从句和非谓语。这道题目就要求选择从从句还是从非谓语角度做题（可任选）；假设从非谓语角度做题，lie为不及物动词，故用表二。thepen和lie之间存在主动的主谓关系，状态上表进行，所以应用lying。A和B选项明显不对。从定语从句角度分析（提示：主要盯紧连词和谓语形式）C选项时态错了，故该题选D。三、asurprisinglook;asurprisedlook的问题四、专门用动词不定式作定语的问题(l)Heisapleasantfellowtoworkwith.(主语为不定式的逻辑主语)Englishishardtolearn.(主语+系动词+adj./n+todo)(2)Shehasaroomtolivein.(have的用法)Thereisnothingtoworryabout.have+the+抽象名词eg:Hehasthekindnesstohelpyou.有些名词后常跟不定式作定语Time,way,right,reason,effort,chance,movementeg:Thankyouforgivi