Unit2 Grammar-人教版英语八年级下册

Unit2l’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.

SectionA3a-3cLead-inBecauseoftheirkindnessandhelp,wecanliveahappylife.Whatcanwedotohelppoeple?

Pleaseunderlinetheinfinitivestructures.I’dliketohelphomelesspeople.Shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.Youcouldaskhospitalstoletyouvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.Mariobelievesitcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.Shevolunteersthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.I’mmakingsomesignstoputuparoundtheschool.I’dliketodoasksb.todovolunteertodolearntododecidetodohelpsb.todotodoletsb.dohelpsb.doGrammarFocus宾语宾补宾补宾语目的状语目的状语动词不定式(1)“to+动词原形”，常写作todo(有时to可以省略)

否定形式为nottodo。(2)动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。1.动词不定式的形式2.动词不定式的成分【作主语】：一般位于句首，谓语动词用单形式。Itbeadj.forsbtodostheg:Itiseasyformetolearndance.【作宾语】：主语+谓语+todo(1)一些动词后常跟动词不定式作宾语，这类动词有agree,decide,hope,learn,plan,want,wish等。Amyagreedtogiveoutfood.(2)stop,remeber,forget,try等既可接动词不定式又可接动词­ing形式作宾语，意义差别较大。(3)特殊疑问词+todo做宾语Idon'tknowhowtoanswerthequestion.【作宾语补足语】(1)一些动词后常跟动词不定式作宾补，构成v.+sb.+todosth.这类动词有ask,invite,order,teach,tell,want,wish等。(2)使役动词(如make,let等)及感官动词(如see,feel,hear,watch等)后常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补。(3)help后面可带to可不带to动词不定式结构动词不定式作状语时，可表示目的、结果、原因等。She

arrivedatthehall

earlyto

get

a

good

seat.(表目的)The

boy

is

old

enough

to

take

care

ofhimself.(表结果)Jackwashappytogetthegoodnews.(表原因)主语主语主语谓语表语表语系系【作状语】动词不定式作状语时，可表示目的、结果、原因等。She

arrivedatthehall

earlyto

get

a

good

seat.The

boy

is

old

enough

to

take

care

ofhimself.Jackwashappytogetthegoodnews.【作表语】

Hisaimistostudyabroadinthenearfuture．【作定语】：不定式作定语应放于被修饰词之后。1.Iwant_________(become)ateacheroneday.2.It’sveryuseful_______(learn)foreignlanguage.3.Heshowedmehow______(use)acomputer.4.Shegotajob______(take)careofanoldman.5.Youshouldrunquickly_______(catch)thebus.tobecometolearntousetotaketocatch1.—MyfamilywillgoonatriptoBeijingthissummer,butwehaven'tdecided______.—Whynottakethehigh-speedrailway?(2021江苏常州)A.whentoleaveB.howtogetthereC.whichhoteltochooseD.howlongtostaythere2.Turntheworldintoabigfamily,andwe’llmakepeople’swish_____trueearlier.(2021辽宁丹东)A.comes B.willcome

C.come

D.tocome3.Don’tworry.WewillmeetnextMonday_______theprojectagain.(2021辽宁大连)A.discussB.discussedC.discussingD.todiscussDCBFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.helpmovedomakevisitspendMostpeopletodayareonlyworriedaboutgettinggoodjobs1.________lotsofmoney.Intheirfreetime,theythinkaboutwhat2._______forfun.However,fewpeoplethinkaboutwhattheycando3._______others.Therearemanypeoplewhoarelessluckythanus.Volunteeringourtimetohelpthesepeopleisagoodway4.________ourfreetime.Forexample,wecanmakeplans5.______sickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.Somepeopleevenstopdoingtheirjobsforafewmonthstoayear6._______toanotherplace,likeoneofthecountriesinAfrica,andhelppeoplethere.

tomaketodotohelptospendtovisittomove定语宾语定语目的状语目的状语目的状语4bPleasecirclethephrasalverbs.I’dliketohelphomelesspeople.Shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.Youcouldaskhospitalstoletyouvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.Mariobelievesitcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.Shevolunteersthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.I’mmakingsomesignstoputuparoundtheschool.短语动词1.动词+副词具体名词放后面；人称代词宾格放中间。常见的副词：away(离开），out(出去），off(脱离），up(向上），down（向下），along(沿着)....2.动词+介词宾语放在介词后面常见的介词：for，about,of,after,from,into,with,at....3.动词+副词+介词宾语放在介词后面eg:runoutof(用光）；getoutof(离开）；comeupwith(提出）Fillintheblankswiththephrasalverbsinthebox.putuphandoutcallupcheerupcomeupwithgiveoutputoff1.Iwantto______myplantoworkinananimalhospitaluntilnextsummer.I’mtoobusywithmystudiesthisyear.putoff2.Shehopesto______atleastfiveprimaryschoolstoaskiftheyneedvolunteersfortheirafter-schoolprograms.callup4a3.Ourclassistryingto____________someideasto_______sickchildrenbecausetheyareoftensad.4.Wedecidedto______signsaroundtheschooland________noticestotellstudentsaboutthebooksale.Wewill_______eupwithcheerup

putuphandoutgiveoutCompletethesentenceswithyourownideas.Useinfinitives.1.I’dliketovolunteer________________________________2.At12:a.m.,Icalledmyfriend________________________3.I’mverybusybutIcouldhelp__________________________4.Summervacationiscoming,andIwant__________________________________5.Iwanttotravelalone.Myparentstoldme(not)____________________________tohelpkidswiththeirhomework.toplaysoccertogether.takethetrashoutafterdinner.togocampingwithmyfriends.nottodothat.Exercise

1.Jackisthe______(own)ofthebuilding.2.Youhurtmy_______(feel).Pleasegoaway.3.Weshouldtryourbesttohelpthese________(home)people.4.Weplan________(raise)

moneytohelpthelittlepoorgirl.ownerfeelingshomelesstoraise一、用括号内所给单