2020北京房山初三一模英语含答案

13/132020北京房山初三一模英语考生须知1．本试卷共10页，共五道大题，39道小题，满分60分，考试时间90分钟。2．在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校名称、姓名，并在答题卡上粘贴准考证条形码。3．试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4．考试结束，请将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。知识运用（共14分）一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Mr.Blackandhiswifewenttothecinema_____bikeyesterday.A.by B.in C.on D.at2.—_____booksaretheseontheteacher’sdesk?—TheyareMary’s.A.Who B.What C.Whose D.Which3.IamgoingtotheSummerPalace.Wouldyouliketogowith_____?A.you B.him C.her D.me4.Ididn’thavebreakfastthismorning,_____Iamveryhungrynow.A.but B.so C.or D.and5.—_____Ihandinmyhomeworktoday?—No,youneedn’t.A.Can B.Must C.Shall D.May6.Ithinkthismobilephoneis_____ofall.Ilikeitverymuch.A.beautiful B.morebeautiful C.mostbeautiful D.themostbeautiful7.Mymom_____acupofcoffeeonherwayhomeeveryday.A.buys B.bought C.isbuying D.willbuy8.—Jack,whatareyoudoingthere?—Itomypenfriend.A.wrote B.write C.amwriting D.willwrite9.Thesportsmeeting______nextFridayiftheweatherisgood.A.held B.washeld C.willhold D.willbeheld10.We_____basketballontheplaygroundwhenitbegantorain.A.play B.willplay C.wereplaying D.areplaying11.—Alice,couldyoutellme______thecomputer?—Oh,yes.Iboughtitfromastoreonline.A.wheredidyoubuy B.whereyouboughtC.wherewillyoubuy D.whereyouwillbuy12.Betty_____amathteachersince2016.Shelikestheworkverymuch.A.hasbeen B.is C.willbe D.was二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。IknewIwasnotsupposedtobequitesoexcited.Iwastoo

oldforthat.Atageeleven,theoldestandmymom’s“grownup”girl,Ihadtokeepcalm.Iwasinmiddleschoolafterall.ButeverychanceIgot,whenIwas

alone,I13eachpresentunderthetree.Ireadeverytag（标签）andfelteverybag,guessingatthethingswithin.IhadexaminedeachgiftsooftenthatIcouldtellwhich14wenttowhichpersonwithoutlookingatthetags.Ithadbeenahardyearformyfamily.Whenevermymomlookedoveratthetreeandpresents,shewouldsigh（叹气）andwarnus,“Therewon’tbeasmuchforChristmasthisyear.Trynottobe15.”Christmashadbeenatimeformyparentstospoil（宠爱）us.Ihadheardthephrase“givingisbetterthanreceiving”,butgettingpresentswasthewholepoint!OnChristmasmorning,we

16waitedinthehallwayuntilDadtolduseverythingwasready.Werushedintothelivingroomandhadtowaitand

17whileotherfamilymembersopenedtheirpresents,butasthetimepassedwelostour

self-control.“Here’sanotheroneforyou,”saidMomasshehandedmeabag.Ilookedatit,confused.HavingspentsomuchtimeexaminingthepresentsbeforeChristmas,I

18thisone.Itwasformymom!Itwasablowdryer.Whilethismayseemonlyasimplegift,tomeitwassomuchmore.But,inmyworld,wherereceivingwasmore

importantthangiving,mymom’sactofselflessnesswasdifficultto19.Ithoughtindisbeliefabouthowmuchmymommustlovemetodothat.IhavealwaysrememberedthatChristmaswithlove.Asanadultwithchildren,Icannowseemymomwasfindinganevengreater

20inherChristmasbecausegivingtrulyisbetterthanreceiving.Tome,mymom’ssimpleact

meanttheworld.13.A.changed B.opened C.filled D.checked14.A.child B.present C.tree D.word15.A.disappointed B.excited C.worried D.satisfied16.A.carefully B.hopelessly C.eagerly D.nervously17.A.

complain B.argue C.watch D.choose18.A.received B.recognized C.refused D.expected19.A.understand B.

predict C.

prove D.express20.A.challenge B.role C.pleasure D.influence阅读理解（共36分）三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。（共26分，每小题2分）ATeenagershavealotofnewideas.Let’shavealookattheseteenageinventionsthatmightchangetheworld.Bananaleavesusuallygobadintwoorthreedays.TenthHadith,ateenagerfromIndia,usedUVtomaketheleavesstayfreshforayear.Tenththinksthatonedaytheleaveswillbeusedformakingplates,cupsandotherthings.DavidCohen,anAmericanteenager,builtanearthworm（蚯蚓）robot.Itisabletogointothesmallestplaces,wherehumansordogscan’tgo.Itwillbeusedforfindingpeopleinafireoranearthquake.RemyaJose,a14­year­oldgirlfromIndia,foundittiringandboringtohandwashclothesinthenearbyriver.Shereusedsomebicyclepartsandcreatedawashingmachinethatsavestime,energyandkeepspeoplefitatthesametime.KennethShinozuku,a15­year­oldboyfromNewYork,noticedthathisgrandfatherwhogotAlzheimer’sdisease（老年痴呆）wouldoftenleavehomeandgetlost.Soheinventedthewearablesensors（感应器）tohelppeoplefindtheirfamilymemberslikehisgrandfather.21.HowlongdidTenthHadithuseUVtomaketheleavesstayfresh?A.Fortwodays. B.Forthreedays. C.Fortwoyears. D.Forayear.22.TheearthwormrobotmadebyDavidCohencan.A.gointothesmallestplaces B.helppeoplewashclothesC.takecareoftheoldpeople D.makethingsstayfresh 23.Whocreatedawashingmachinethatcansavetime?A.KennethShinozuku. B.RemyaJose. C.DavidCohen. D.TenthHadith.BPlantAnythingAgoodfriendofmine,Miriam,wasgoingawayonalongtripduringtheautumn.Icalledherthedaybeforeshewouldleaveforthetriptowishherhaveagoodtrip.Shewascompletelybehindoneverythingsheneededtodo.Shewasalittleworried.“Iboughtsomewonderfulcormstoplantfornextspring.ButnowIhavenotimetodealwiththem,”shesaid.Ialwaysplantmanyseeds（种子）inMarchandbyJuneenjoythesweetsmelleverywhere.Ijustcan’tbearthethoughtofaplantnotgettingachancetogrow.“I’llplantthemforyou,”Itoldher.“Oh,wouldyou?”Miriamwasexcited.Shepromisedtoputthemoutontheporch（走廊）forme.Iarrivedseveraldayslaterandfoundapaperbagontheporch.Afteralotofwork,Iplantedallthecormsintheperfectplace.WhenMiriamgotbackafewmonthslater,sheandIwentoutfordinnertocelebrateherreturn.Whileeating,shesaid,“Youknow,Istillcan’tbelieveIforgottoputthosecormsoutontheporch!”Ilookedatherinsurprise.“Whatdoyoumean?Ofcourse,youputthemout.Theyweresittingontheporchinapaperbag.”“No,”shesaid,“They’restillsittingonthedeskwhereIleftthem.”“So,whatdidIplantthatmorning?”Iasked.Shestoppedasiftopreparemeforhernews.Thensheslowlysaid,“Thatwascatpoop（猫屎）.Youplantedcatpoop.”Miriamlookedatmyfaceanddidthebesttokeepfromlaughing.ButIwastoobusyreplayingthepicturesofmepickingthesecatpoopfromapaperbagandplantingthem.Yearshavepassedsincethen,andbothourgardensandourfriendshiphavecontinuedtogrow.Iguess,Ireallywilltrytoplantjustaboutanything.24.WhatdidMiriamworriedabout?A.Shehadnotimetoplanthercorms.B.Shewouldspendtoomuchtimeonthetrip.C.Shehadtoomanyseedstoplantinspring.D.Therewasnoplaceforhercormsinhergarden.25.WhydidthewritergooutfordinnerwithMiriam?A.Tomakefriendswithher.B.Toplantseedswithher.C.Tolistentohernews.D.Tocelebrateherreturn.26.WhatdidthewriterknowafterMiriamgotback?A.Thecormsgrewverywell.B.Miriam’sgardenwassweet.C.Thewriterplantedcatpoop.D.Miriamhadaverygoodtrip.CTwonewstudiessuggestthatmodernrunningshoescouldincreasetheriskofinjuries（损伤）torunners.Onestudyinvolvedsixty-eighthealthyyoungwomenandmenwhoranatleasttwenty-fourkilometersaweek.Therunnerswerewatchedonarunningmachine.Sometimestheyworerunningshoes.Othertimestheyranbarefoot（赤脚）.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofVirginiaandtheUniversityofColoradodidthestudy.Theyfoundthatrunningshoescreatemorestressthatcouldhurtknees,hipsandanklejointsthanrunningbarefoot.Theywatchedthattheeffectwasevengreaterthantheeffectreportedearlierforwalkinginhighheels（高跟鞋）.Thestudyappearedinanofficialscientificmagazine.TheotherstudyappearedinthejournalNature.ItcomparedrunnersintheUnitedStatesandKenya.TheresearcherswerefromHarvardUniversity,MoiUniversityinKenyaandtheUniversityofGlasgow.Theydividedtherunnersintothreegroups.Onegrouphadalwaysrunshoeless.Anothergrouphadalwaysrunwithshoes.Andthethirdgrouphadchangedtoshoelessrunning.Runnerswhowearshoesusuallycomedownheelfirst.Thatputsgreatforceonthebackofthefoot.Butthestudyfoundthatbarefootrunnersgenerallylandonthefrontormiddleoftheirfoot.Thatwaytheyfeelrelaxedwhenlandingandavoidhittingtheirheelhard.Harvard’sDanielLiebermanledthestudy.Hesaysthewaymostrunningshoesaredesignedmayexplainwhythosewhowearthemlandontheirheels.Theheeloftheshoeisbiggerandheavierthanotherpartsoftheshoe,soitwouldseemmorelikelytocomedownfirst.Also,theheelgenerallyhasthickmaterialunderittosoftenlandings.Buttheresearchersdonotsuggestthatrunnersimmediatelystartrunningbarefoot.Theysayittakessometraining.Andtherecanberisks,likerunningwhenyourfeetaretoocoldtofeelifyougetinjured.ThestudywaspartlysupportedbyVibram,whichmakesakindoffootwearthatitsaysislikerunningbarefoot.Thefindingshavegottenalotofattention.Buttheresearcherssaytherearemanyproblems.SotheyhavetriedtoexplaintheirfindingsonaHarvardWebsite.27.Whydorunningshoesincreasetheriskofinjuriestorunners?A.Runnersusuallylandonthefrontofthefootfirst.B.They’remuchbiggerandheavierthanhighheels.C.Theyhaveabigeffectonthewaytherunnersrun.D.Runnersalwaysruninsmallsizerunningshoes.28.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Noonewillrunwithrunningshoesinthefuture.B.Highheels’designisbetterthanrunningshoes’.C.Runnerswon’tbeinjurediftheyrunbarefoot.D.Mostrunningshoesaredesignedimproperly.29.Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toexplainwhypeoplelikerunningwithrunningshoes.B.Toshowrunningwithoutshoesisofbenefittorunners.C.Toencourage

alltherunnerstotrytorunbarefootnow.D.Tohelppeopleknowthefeelingsofrunningwithshoes.DchimpanzeeWhatmakeshumanssmarterthanotheranimals?We’vegotabiggerbrain,ofcourse.Butwhenitcomestobrains,isbiggeralwaysbetter?chimpanzeeTraditionally,scientistshavethoughtthathumans’betterintelligence（智慧）camemostlyfromthefactthatourbrainsarethreetimesbiggerthanthoseofournearestlivingrelatives,chimpanzees.Peopleevenusedtobelievethatmenaresmarterthanwomenbecausemenhavealittlelargerbrains.This,however,isnotthetruth.ScientistsatUniversityCollegeLondonintheUKhavefoundthatbrainorganization,andnotbrainsize,isthekeytotheadvantageofhumanintelligence,reportedLiveScience.Throughmillionsofyearsofgradualdevelopment,ourancestors（祖先）werepushedtogetsmarterallthetimesothattheycouldmeettheneedsofnewenvironments.However,holdingthisgrowingintelligenceinincreasinglylargebrainswasnotthebestchoicebecausebiggerbrainsrequiremoreenergytopower.“Thisiswhenreorganizationmaycomeintoplay,”saidChristopheSoligo,amemberoftheLondonresearchteam.Inthestudy,scientistslookedatthebrainsof17kindsofprimates（灵长目动物）,includingmonkeys,apesandhumans.Theyfoundthatintheprocessofgradualdevelopment,brainsdidn’tkeepgrowingasawhole.Certainpartsofthebraingrewmorethanothersasneeded,andinthiswaytheycouldmakethebestuseoftheirlimitedbrainspace.whalesForexample,whenearlyhumansweretryinghardtolive,thebrainregion（区域）whichisinchargeofusingtoolsandfindingfoodgrewinsizemorethanotherregions.Butinmoderntimes,theprefrontalcortex（前额皮质）—theregioninchargeofsocialcognition(认知),moraljudgmentsandgoal-directedplanning—grewmorethantherestofthebrain.whalesThinkofthebrainasaroom.Ifabigroomispoorlyorganized,itdoesn’tnecessarilystoremorethingsthanasmallerone.PaulManger,aprofessor,explainsthisusingtheexampleofwhales.HetoldScientificAmerican:“Whaleshavebigbrains.Butifyoulookattheactualstructure（结构）ofthebrain,it’sverysimple.Brainsizeonlymattersiftherestofthebrainisorganizedproperly.”30.Accordingtothepassage,inrecenthumandevelopment,______.A.theprefrontalcortexgrewmostinthebrainB.human’smostregionsofthebraindidn’tchangeC.brainbecamesimplebecausethebrainspaceislimitedD.brainkeptgrowinginsizeto

dealwithnewenvironments31.inchargeofA.similartoB.responsibleforC.inneedofD.withhelpof32.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat______.A.thedifferencebetweenmenandwomenhasaneffectonintelligenceB.thelargerbrainsareusuallyorganizedbetterthanthesmalleronesC.animalswhosebrainsareorganizedproperlycanbesmarterD.thesizeofthebrainhasnothingtodowithintelligence33.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.IsHumanBraintheBiggestofAllAnimals’?B.DoMenhavebiggerBrainsthanWomen?C.AreHumanBrainsGrowingasaWhole?D.DoesaBiggerBrainMakeyouSmarter?阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。（共10分,每小题2分）StayHomeStudying17-year-oldLiuYuwasahighschoolstudentinChina.SheplannedtogobacktoschoolonFeb17toprepareforthe2020collegeentranceexamination（高考）.However,theMinistryofEducation（教育部）toldpeopleinlateJanuarythatthespringtermforallschoolswouldbeputoffbecauseoftheseriousdisease（疾病）inChina.SoLiuYu,likealltheothersstudents,hadtostayathome.However,Liuandherclassmatesdidn’tfallbehindtheirplansandbeganstudyingfull-timeagain–onlyfromhome.Itmayhavebecomethelargestonlineteachingexperimentthecountryhaseverseen.Togowithstudents’newlearningenvironment,a“cloudplatform（云平台）”wasstartedusingonFeb17.Itprovidedstudentswitheducationresources（资源）coveringallschoolsubjects.Butsomestudentshaddifficultygoingtothewebsiteorusingsmartphones.ATVchannelbyChinaEducationTelevisionstartedairingclassesonFeb17.SostudentscouldhaveclassesandstudyonlineoronTVathome.ButtheonlineplatformandTVchanneldon’tjustofferschoolknowledge.Studentscanalsolearnhowtoprotectthemselvesfromthediseaseandpsychological（心理的）healthduringthisperiod,accordingtotheMinistryofEducation.Forsomestudents,thechancetostudyfromhomehashadsomeunexpectedbenefits.YuanSiyi,wholivesinHubeiprovince,usedtogetupbefore6amonschooldays,butsincestartingonlinecourses,shegotmorehoursofsleepeverymorning.“IlikeonlineteachingbecauseIhavemorefreedomathome,”YuantoldTEENS.Shebeganherall-daycoursesonFeb3.However,onlineteachingandlearninghasitsweaknessescomparedtostudyinginatraditionalclassroom.“Mymotivation（动力）tostudyisstrongerwhenmyclassmatesarearoundmeandallworkingveryhard,”Yuansaid.AccordingtotheMinistryofEducation,onlinecoursesarejustashort-timewayoflearningduringthedisease.Whenthenewtermbegins,schoolswillnolongeruseonlineclassesinsteadofclassroomteaching.WhendidLiuYuplantogobacktoschool?DidLiuYubeginherfull-timestudyfromhome？Howdidstudentshaveclassesandstudyathome?Whatcanstudentslearnexceptschoolknowledgeduringthisperiod?WhatisParagraph5and6mainlyabout?书面表达（共10分）五、文段表达（10分）39.从下面两个题目中任选一题,根据中文和英文提示,完成一篇不少50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。题目①假如你是李华你们学校将要举办一次读书报告会分享自己在延期开学期间读的好书和读书感受。你打算邀请你们班交换生Peter跟你一起参加。请用英语写一封电子邮件告诉Peter活动的时间和地点活动的内容以及需要为此做什么准备。提示词语：schoolhall,report,enjoy,read,share,提示问题：●andwherewillthereadingmeetingstart?Whatwillyoudointhereadingmeeting??I’mwritingtoinviteyoutotaketintheI’mlookingtoyourearly题目②2020年的春节,人们没有走亲访友,没有聚会聚餐。大多数家庭因疫情的迅速蔓延“闭门守家话亲情”,抖音上多了不少家庭娱乐小视频,俨然成为了“严冬”里的一道暖流。某英文网站正在开展以“别让孝心迟到”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华,请用英语写一篇短文投稿,谈谈在假期你为家人做了什么,这样做的原因以及你的感受。提示词语：virtues（美德）,dutiful（孝顺的）,cook,busy,takecareof,happy提示问题：●Whatdidyoudoduringthe

holiday?●Whydidyoudoso?●Howdidyoufeel?It’soneofourtraditionalvirtues