2022年河南省洛阳市高考英语模拟试卷（4月）（附答案详解）

2022年河南省洛阳市创新发展联盟高考英语模拟试卷（4

月）

A

Xi'anenjoysareputationsasa"LivingHistoryMuseum"duetoitsrich,diversecollectionof

historicalandculturaltreasures.ApartfromtheTerracottaWarriors,therearealsosomeother

attractionsinthecity.Herearesomeofthem.

AncientCityWall

Xi'anCityWallwasbuiltinthe14thcenturyintheMingDynastyasamilitarydefense

system.NowitisoneoftheoldestandbestpreservedChinesecitywalls.Thewallisnowa

landmark,dividingthecityintoinnerandouterareas.

GiantWildGoosePagoda（塔）

Situatedinanancienttemple,thepagodabuiltwithlayersofbrickswasbuiltintheTang

Dynasty.ltistraditionalChinesearchitecture.Oneofthemainfunctionsofthepagodawasto

storeBuddhistscriptures（经文）andfigurinesbroughttoChinafromIndiabythefamous

monkandtravelerXuanZang,whostayedherefor19yearstranslatingBuddhistscriptures.

ShaanxiHistoryMuseum

TheShaanxiHistoryMuseum,builtin1991,ishometoover370,000preciousrelicsunearthed

inShaanxiovertheyears.Themuseumconsistsofthreemainsections.Itscollectionsrange

frombronzeware（器血）topotteryware,goldandsilverwareandmuralpaintingsfromthe

TangDynastytombs.

TheMuslimQuarter

OneofthehighlightsisitslocalsnackswhenyoutourXian.Thebestfooddestinationisthe

MuslimQuarter,whichhasahistoryofseveralhundredyears.Consistingofanumberoffood

streets,theareahasbecomeafamousattractioninthecityforitsrichandauthenticMuslim

culturalatmosphere.

1.InwhichplacecanyouknowmoreaboutBuddhism?

A.AncientCityWall.B.GiantWildGoosePagoda.

C.ShaanxiHistoryMuseum.D.TheMuslimQuarter.

2.WhatcanyoudowhenyouvisittheMuslimQuarter?

A.Createsomebronzewares.

B.Eatdiversedelicioussnacks.

C.Visitsomewatchtowers.

D.TranslateBuddhistscriptures.

3.Whatdoyouknowfromthetext?

A.TheShaanxiHistoryMuseumhasexhibitsmadeofgold.

B.XuanZangdiedintheGiantWildGoosePagoda.

C.TheXi'anCityWallistheoldestChinesecitywall.

D.TheMuslimQuarterhasahistoryof100years.

B

HuaShengandLuSheng,aretiredTibetancouple,havebecometrailblazers（开拓者）ofgrape

growingandwinemakingintheiroldages.

LuShenglearnedgrapeplantingandwinemakingfromhergrandmother'ssister.Sincethey

retired,thecouplehavemovedtoLhasafromthevillageofYakhadi.Thoughthefactthatthe

region'scapital,whichis3,600metersabovesealevel,isconsideredunfitforgrowing

grapes,LuShengandHuaShengbegananambitiousprojectin2015,plantinggrapesin

Tsalna,atowninthesuburbofLhasa.

Theyreceivedsupportfromthelocalgovernment,whichiscommittedtodevelopingbusiness

andtheeconomy.Thecouple'sprojectprovidesjobsforruralresidents,and,asaresult,the

governmenthasconsideredtheprojectpartofitspovertyreliefprogram.

"LhasaisanidealplaceforplantingFrenchgrapevarietiesthatareresistanttocold,droughtand

disease,andadaptabletohigh-altitudeandopen-airplanting,uLuShengsaid.

"Thankstotheplateau'ssunshineandorganicplanting,ourgrapesgrowverywellherein

Lhasa.Thegrapesareabitsourandsweet,andtheyhaveahighanthocyanin（花青素）

content,"shesaid.Anthocyanins,whichareingrapecellsandcontributerichcolortowine,are

water-soluble（水溶性的）.

In2018,HuaShengandLuShengexpandedtheirproject,plantingonnearly6.67hectares.In

ordertofamiliarizeTibetanfarmerswithgrapeplantingandwinemaking,theytaughttheskills

tolocalvillagers.

nWehavesuccessfullytaughtthelocalfarmershowtogrowgrapesandmakewineoverthe

threeyears.Theynowhaveanewsourceofincomebesidestraditionalfarmingandherding,"

HuaShengsaid.

Yudron,aresidentofNam,saidshewasgratefultothegrapeplantingprojectinher

village,whichhascontributedtoherincomeandqualityoflife."Afterworkinginthevineyards

foryears,nowweknowhowtomakewine.Wedrinkbothbarleyandgrapewinenow.Welove

grapewinemore,thoughtsitishealthier."

4.Whatdidthecoupledoaftertheirretirement?

A.TheygrewgrapesandmadewineinLhasa.

B.TheymadefriendswithaFrenchexpert.

C.TheymovedtoanothercityfromLhasa.

D.TheylearnedgrapeplantingfromHuaSheng'sgrandmother.

5.Whywasthecouple'sprojectthoughtofasapovertyreliefprogram?

A.Theydonatedgrapestolocalschools.

B.Theyprovidedfreewineforvillagers.

C.Theyemployedlocalresidentsasworkers.

D.Theyexpandedtheprojectwiththelocalgovernment.

第2页，共18页

6.Whichisthefunctionofanthocyanins?

A.Theymakegrapesmoredelicious.

B.Theycanacceleratethegrowthofgrapes.

C.Theymakegrapesabitsourandsweet.

D.Theyproviderichcolorsforwine.

7.Fortheprojectconductedbythecouple,Yudronis.

A.appreciativeB.cautiousC.indifferentD.hesitate

c

Tobogganing,orsledding(雪橇),likelycomesbeforethecolonizationofNorth

America.RecordsshowthatCanada'sFirstPeoplesusedsmallsledstotransporttheir

belongingsandfoodbetweencamps,RaymondFlowerwritesinTheHistoryofSkiingand

OtherWinterSports.Butmodern-daysledracescantracetheiroriginsbacktotheSwissAlpsin

thelate1800swhenBritishtouristsdecidedtoraceinwoodenluges(asledusedbyoneperson)

thatlocalshadusedtotravelthroughsnow.TheoriginisdebatableinsnowynorthernNew

York,however,wherethere'sevidencethatAlbanyheldbobsled(asledusedbytwoormore

people)racesasearlyas1885.

Wherevertheybegan,sledracesquicklybecamepopular.ThefamousCrestaRun,namedafter

theSwisstownnearthebaseofitscourse,wasbuiltin1885usingsnowbanks.Thefirst

organizedcompetitionwasin1898,hostedbythefirstbobsledclubinnearbySt.Moritz(acity

inSwitzerland).Itwasthenthatsleddingbegantoseparatefromthelugetoincludetwonew

spoils：bobsledding,andskeletonsledding(俯式雪橇).

CrestaRunisconsideredthebirthplaceoftheskeleton,aparticularlydaringformof

sled-ding.Unliketheluge,wherecompetitorsridefeet-firstonasledwithmetalrunners,the

skeletonsleddingisasteelsledwithaslimappearance.Ridersliedownonthesled

headfirst,thendropsuddenlydownanicetrack.Bobsledding,meanwhile,involvesteamsoftwo

tofourinwhichthepersoninfrontcontrolsdirectionsandtheplayerinbackbrakeswhen

needed.ltearneditsnameaftercompetitorsstartedswingingbackandforthtospeedupthesled.

Bobsleddinginitiallyovertookskeletonsleddinginpopularity,becomingoneofahandfulof

sportsplayedatthefirstWinterGamesin1924,TheskeletonsleddingwaslimitedtotheCresta

Runfordecadesbecauseotherbobruns(雪橇滑道)aroundtheworldwerenotbuiltforthe

steelskeletonsled.Butinthe1970s,adjustmentsweremadetoboththeskeletonandbobrunsin

ordertoincludetheeventatfuturewintergames.

8.WhatcanweinferaboutRaymondFlower?

A.Heisawriter.

B.Heisgoodatsledding.

C.Heinventedthesleddingrace.

D.Hesetthefirstrecordofsledding.

9.Howdoesskeletonsleddingdifferfromtheluge?

A.Skeletonsleddingrunsonmetalrunners.

B.Skeletonsleddingdoesn'thavebackbrakes.

C.RidersonSkeletonsleddingsledwiththeirfeet.

D.Skeletonsleddingneedsplayerstoliedownonitheadfirst.

10.Whatlimitedthepopularityofskeletonsledding?

A.Itsspecialshape.B.Itsspeed.

C.Itssteelrunners.D.Itsunsuitableadjustments.

11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Whyissleddingsopopular?

B.HowdidsleddingdevelopinSwitzerland

C.Whataresleddingadventuresabout?

D.HowdidpeoplekilltimeinNorthAmerica?

D

NotplaisaLondon-basedfirmthatmakesaseaweed-basedsubstituteforsingleuseplastic

packaging.AlthoughsomeofNotpla*sproductsaresuitabletobeeaten,theyaredesignedtobe

dissolved（溶解）afterusage.Thecompanysfilmwrapismadeofseaweedlininginsteadof

aconventionalplasticbasedcoating.Thismakesthefilmfullybiodegradableandidealforuse

aspackagingforcupboardandbathroomsupplieslikecoffeeandtoiletpaper.

AccordingtotheUnitedNations,331millionkilogramsofplasticgarbageisproducedannually

aroundtheworld.Roughly60%oftheestimated9.15billiontonsofplasticproducedsincethe

early1950shasbeentakentolandfillsorabandonedoutdoors.

Plasticsharmthewater,theair,andourbodies.Manyexpertsagreethatsingle-useplasticsare

unnecessaryanddangerous.SomegovernmentsandtownsintheUniteStateshavetaken

action.NewYorkhasbannedmostplasticshoppingbags,whileplasticstraws（吸管）have

beenbannedinMiamiBeach.Overseas,IndiastatedinAugustthatitplanstoputawidebanon

single-useplasticsthisupcomingsummer,withtheEuropeanUnionalreadythisban.

Seaweedcomesinavarietyofspeciesandcanbeharvestedorfarmed.Norplausesplantsthat

havebeenfarmed.RodrigoGarciaGonzalezandPienePaslie,theinventorsofNotpla,initially

consideredseaweedasasolutiontotheworld'splasticproblemforseveralreasons.Seaweedis

abundantandgrowsquickly.Additionallyitdoesn*tcompetewithlandcropsandishighly

favoredforitsabilitytoremovesomewasteproductslikecarbonfromtheatmosphere.

IncooperationwiththeonlinefoodorderingserviceJustEat,thestartuprecentlytestedits

product.Lastyear,thetwocompanieshandedout30,000takeawayboxesatvariousUK

restaurants.PlansareintheworkstooffertheboxesacrossEuropein2022.Norplafsteam

intendstoreplacesingleuseplasticinthesupplychainmoregenerallyastheyscale.The

companyrecognizesthedifficultyofsuchajobgiventhevolumeofplasticsconsumedaround

theworld.

12.Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopparagraph2?

第4页，共18页

A.Bycomparingfacts.B.Bypresentingfigures.

C.Byraisingquestions.D.Bygivingexamples.

13.Whatcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword'implementing"inparagraph3?

A.liftingB.protectingC.opposingD.performing

14.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?

A.Thewideuseofseaweed.

B.Thenextgoalofthenewstudy.

C.Thehugemarketoftheplasticbags.

D.Theadvantagesofchoosingseaweed.

15.Whatdoesthecompanythinkofitsplantoreplacethewholesingleuseplastic?

A.Itwillbeunpractical.B.Itwillberichlyrewarded.

C.Itwillbealittletough.D.Itwillberathersuccessful.

Truebeautyisnotfoundinlooks.(1)Changingthewayyouthinkaboutbeautywillgiveyou

life-longconfidence.

Placeyourbeautyinyouridentitybutnotyouridentityinyourbeauty.Ifyouholdontoyouthful

beautyasanairowdefinitionofyourself,youwon'tenjoyyourlooksasyouage.(2)Mirrorstell

usonlyapartofwhatweshowtotheouterworld.Gopastyourreflectionandseetherealself!

Thefountainofyouthdoesn'texist.Despitemanyanti-agingproducts,thereisnomagic

solutiontostoppingtheeffectsofaging.Youshouldstopdevaluing(贬低)yourselfjust

becauseyouaregettingolder.Aimforahealthylifeandkeepyourselfstrongandfit.Eathealthy

dietandbecommittedtoadailyexerciseroutine.Lotsofeffortsareneeded.⑶

Beautyrelatestophysicalandpsychologicalaspects.(4)However,SerenaWilliamsnever

hidesherunusualmuscularphysique.Instead,hershowinghermusclesenhancesher

appeal.Manyfansthinksheisbeautiful.Thisprovesthatlookingbeautifulandattractivegoes

beyondourlooks.

(5)Beautymatterstoallwomen,buttothosewhoagebeautifully,itmattersneithertoomuch

nortoolittle.Doenjoyourlivestothefullest,Truebeautyisaboutacceptingyourself.ltisalso

aboutfeelinggoodaboutyourself.

A.Everyonedoesit.

B.Itcomesfromtheinside.

C.GobeyondyourmiiTorimage.

D.Youwillfeelbetteroveralongterm.

E.It'shumannaturetobelievebeautyiseverything.

F.Peoplegenerallythinkbeautyisonlyaskin-deepissue.

G.Belessscaredofagingandyouwilllookmorebeautiful.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

ImustadmitIamnotaverygoodlistener.Butwhatreally(21)metobecomeagoodlistener

washelpingmywifeasshe(22)fromhertrachea(气管)surgery.

Shecouldn'ttalkforalmostamonthbecauseofthe(23).Shehadapad(便笺本)andwould

writedownherthoughtsand(24).Ofcoursethatwasveryslowand(25)andIcouldseethe

growing(26)eachday.Ifoundmyselftryingto(27)whatshewasthinkingsinceIknewshe

didn'thavethe(28)towriteeverythingdown,soI(29)foundmyselftryingto(3Q)theworldfrom

hereyes.

Mywifecouldn't(3i)whichneededpayingcloserattentionandmademeagood

listener.Becauseshecouldn'twriteouteverywordshewantedtospeak,shehadtobe

inore(32)aboutthewordsshechose.Becauseofthis,ourcommunicationbecamemore(33)and

wepaidcloserattentiontowhattheother(34)hadtosay.

Afterthis(35)Icouldn'thelpthinkingabouthowthismighthelppeoplewhoarehaving

relationshipproblems.Ithinkthatifoneortwopersons(36)theonlywaytheycould(37)was

writingtheirthoughtsandcommentsdown.Ibelieveitwouldbeincrediblygoodtherapy(and

helppeople(38)alotofproblems.Whynotgiveitashotifyouarehavingany(39)with

someone.Theydon'thavetoagreetothenotalking(40)becausethisexperimentcanbecarried

outbyjustoneperson.

21.A.causedB.forbadeC.assistedD.ordered

22.A.departedB.recoveredC.escapedD.retired

23.A.surgeryB.accidentC.jokeD.accent

24.A.schedulesB.congratulations

C.commentsD.rewards

25.A.boringB.funnyC.unsafeD.inconvenient

26.A.depressionB.pleasantnessC.guidanceD.ignorance

27.A.breakoffB.figureoutC.pickoffD.dropin

28.A.courageB.stateC.moodD.energy

29.A.sincerelyB.fearfullyC.constantlyD.cautiously

30.A.seeB.visitC.abandonD.build

31.A.waitB.speakC.listenD.cry

32.A.curiousB.worriedC.particularD.crazy

第6页，共18页

33.A.valuableB.wildC.matureD.fluent

34.A.graduateB.cyclistC.presidentD.person

35.A.disasterB.experienceC.crisisD.experiment

36.A.forgotB.complainedC.hopedD.agreed

37.A.receiveB.indicateC.communicateD.expect

38.A.solveB.attemptC.createD.use

39.A.excusesB.strugglesC.relationsD.stories

40.A.targetsB.congratulations

C.lawsD.rules

41.Theimpactofpandemic(流行病)onlifeexpectancy(预期寿命),oneofthemost

widelyusedstandardstoassesspopulationhealth,wasassessedbyastudy(1)(publish)

intheInformationalJournalEpidemiology.Thestudy(2)(conduct)bytheOxford

University'sLeverhulmeCentreforDemographic(人口的)Science.

Thestudyrevealedthatwomenfrom15countriesandmenfrom10endedup(3)alower

lifeexpectancyatbirthin2020comparedto2015.(4)biggestdropsinlife

expectancy,however,werewitnessedinmeninsteadofwomeninmost

countries.Americanmenweretheworstoff,with2.2yearsshavedofftheirlifeexpectancy

atbirth.MeninLithuaniafacedthesecond(5)(large)impactontheirlife

expectancy,withacutof1.7years.

Reductionsinlifeexpectancyoverall(6)(occur)in27ofthe29countriesanalyzedby

thestudy.OnlymenandwomeninDenmarkandNorwayandwomeninFinlandmanaged

to(7)(successful)avoiddropsinlifeexpectancy,thestudysaid.Non-pharmaceutical

interventionsandstronghealthcaresystemsinthesecountrieswerecitedas(8)(factor)

thatcouldhelpexplainthis.

Allthecountries(9)lifeexpectancydroppedhad-takenanaverageof5>6years(10)

(achieve)Justaoneyearincreaseinlifeexpectancy.Thepandemicwipedoutofthis

progress,thestudysaid.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文

中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及-个单词的增加、删除

或修改。

增加：在缺词处加-一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I'mquitepleasedthatyou'reanxioustolearnabouttheactivitySaveFoodholdingbyour

school.Hereisthedetailedinformationsonit.

Theschoolarrangesvariousactivities.AnexhibitionofChineseCalligraphywhatwas

writtenbystudentswasdisplayedontheschoollibrary.Meanwhile,therewerealsoa

paintingexhibition,lecturesonsavingfoodandsoon.Bothoftheseactivitieswereaimed

atraisingourawarenessofsavingfood.Intheaddition,westudentswereaskedwhat

measuresweshouldtakesavefoodinourdailylife.

Isincerehopethedetailsmentionedabovewillbeofusetoyou.

43.假定你是李华，你校下周将邀请英国友人来校参观，需要志愿者介绍你校的历史和

特色文化。请你写一封申请信，内容包括：

1.申请原因；

2.你的优势；

3.相关经历。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

第8页，共18页

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】B、B、A

【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据GiantWildGoosePagoda部分Oneofthemainfunctions

ofthepagodawastostoreBuddhistscriptures（经文）and

figurinesbroughttoChinafromIndiabythefamousmonkandtravelerXuanZang,whostayed

herefor19yearstranslatingBuddhistscriptures.

（这是中国传统建筑。这座宝塔的主要功能之一是储存著名僧侣和旅行家玄奘从印度带

到中国的佛经和雕像，玄奘在这里翻译佛经达19年之久。）可知，在GiamWildGoose

Pagoda（大雁塔）你可以对佛教了解得更多。故选B。

（2）B.细节理解题。根据最后一段Oneofthehighlightsisitslocalsnackswhenyoutour

Xian.（当你游览西安时，其中一个亮点就是当地小吃。）可

知，在那你可以品尝各式各样美味的小吃。故选B。

（3）A.推理判断题。根据ShanxiHistoryMuseum部分Itscollectionsrangefrombronze

ware（器血）topotteryware,goldandsilverwareandmuralpaintingsfromthe

TangDynastytombs.（其收藏范围从青铜器到陶器、金银

器和唐代墓葬壁画。）可知，陕西历史博物馆有黄金制成的展品。故选A。

本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，主要介绍了几个西安的旅游胜地。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。

4~7.【答案】A、C、D、A

（解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第一段HuaShengandLuSheng,aretiredTibetan

couple,havebecometrailblazers（开拓者）ofgrapegrowingand

winemakingintheiroldages.（HuaSheng和LuSheng是——对退休的藏

族夫妇，在晚年已成为葡萄种植和酿酒的开拓者。）及第二段LuShenglearnedgr叩e

plantingandwinemakingfromhergrandmother'ssister.Sincetheyretired,thecouplehave

movedtoLhasafromthevillageofYakhadi.

（LuSheng从祖母的姐姐那里学习葡萄种植和酿酒。退休后，这对夫妇从Yakhadi村搬

到了拉萨。）可知，这对夫妻在拉萨种植葡萄并酿制葡萄酒。故选A。

（2）C.推理判断题。根据第三段Theyreceivedsupportfromthelocalgovernment,whichis

committedtodevelopingbusinessandtheeconomy.Thecouple'sprojectprovidesjobsforrural

residents,and,asaresult,thegovernmenthasconsideredtheprojectpartofitspovertyrelief

program.

（他们得到了当地政府的支持，当地政府致力于发展商业和经济。这对夫妇的项目为农

村居民提供了就业机会，因此，政府已将该项目视为其扶贫计划的一部分。）可知，因

为他们的项目为农村居民提供工作，雇佣当地居民当工人，所以被当地政府认为是扶贫

项目。故选c。

（3）D.细节理解题。根据第五段中的Anthocyanins,whichaccumulate（积累）ingrape

cellsandcontributerichcolortowine,arewater-soluble.（花青素在葡

萄细胞中积累并为葡萄酒提供丰富的颜色，是水溶性的。）可知，花青素为葡萄酒提供

了丰富的颜色。故选D。

（4）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段Yudron,aresidentofNam,saidshewasgratefultothe

grapeplantingprojectinhervillage,whichhascontributedtoherincomeandqualityoflife.

（南村居民Yudron说，她很感激村里的葡萄种植项目，该项目为她的收入和生活质量

做出了贡献。）可知,对于HuaSheng和LuSheng的葡萄种植项目，Yudron是心怀感

激的。结合选项A.appreciative感激的；B.cautious谨慎的；C.indifferent漠不关心的；

D.ambiguous模棱两可的。故选A。

这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一对退休的西藏夫妇在晚年搬到拉萨城郊，他们在那里

种葡萄并酿制葡萄酒，并为农村居民提供工作，促进了当地经济的发展。

1.直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原

文基本一致的题目。2.间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言

表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换.3.综合信息题：综合信息题

是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在

文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

8~11.【答案】A、D、C、B

［解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据第一段的RecordsshowthatCanada'sFirstPeoplesused

smallsledstotransporttheirbelongingsandfoodbetweencamps.RaymondFlowerwritesin

TheHistoryofSkiingandOtherWinter

Sports.（RaymondFlower在《滑雪和其他冬季运动的历史》一书中写道，记录显示，加

拿大的第一批人使用小型雪橇在营地之间运输他们的物品和食物。）可知，Raymond

Flower是一位作家。故选A。

（2）D.细节理解题。根据第三段的Unliketheluge,wherecompetitorsridefet-firstonasled

withmetalrunners,theskeletonsleddingisasteelsledwithaslimappearance.Ridersliedown

onthesledheadfirst,thendropsuddenlydownanicetrack.（无舵雪橇是在金属滑轨上，选

手要先用脚滑行，而不同于无舵雪橇的是，俯式冰橇是一种外形细长的钢制雪橇。骑手

们头朝下躺在雪橇上，然后突然从冰上滑下。）可知，俯式雪橇与无舵雪橇的不同之处

是俯式雪橇需要运动员在滑行时头朝下躺在上面。故选D。

（3）C.细节理解题。根据最后一段的TheskeletonsleddingwaslimitedtotheCrestaRunfor

decadesbecauseotherbobrunsaroundtheworldwerenotbuiltforthesteelskeletonsled.（几

十年来，俯式雪橇一直局限于克雷斯塔滑道，因为世界上其他的雪橇滑道都不是为钢骨

架俯式雪橇建造的。）可知，俯式雪橇数十年来受限于克雷斯塔滑道是因为其他地方的

雪橇滑道不适合钢架的俯式雪橇，因此限制了俯式雪橇的普及的是它的钢骨架，故选C。

第10页，共18页

（4）B.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的Wherevertheybegan,sledracesquickly

becamepopular.ThefamousCrestaRun,namedaftertheSwisstownnearthebaseofits

course,wasbuiltin1885usingsnowbanks.Thefirstorganizedcompetitionwasin1898,hosted

bythefirstbobsledclubinnearbySt.Moriz（acityinSwitzerland）.Itwasthenthatsledding

begantoseparatefromthelugetoincludetwonewsports：bobsledding,andskeletonsledding.

（无论从哪里开始，雪橇比赛都很快变得流行起来。著名的克雷斯塔滑道，以滑道底部

附近的瑞士小镇命名，于1885年利用雪堆建成。第一次有组织的比赛是在1898年，由

圣莫里茨（瑞士的一个城市）附近的第一个雪橇俱乐部主办。就在那时，雪橇开始从雪

橇中分离出来，加入了两项新的运动：bob雪橇和俯式雪橇。）可知，文章介绍了雪橇

运动在瑞士的发展，因此最好的题目是B选项"HowdidsleddingdevelopinSwitzerland?

（滑雪橇是如何在瑞士发展起来的？）”，故选B。

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了雪橇运动在瑞士的发展。

做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

12〜15.【答案】B、D、D、C

［解析］（1）B.写作手法题。根据第二段"AccordingtotheUnitedNations,331million

kilogramsofplasticgarbageisproducedannuallyaroundtheworld.Roughly60%ofthe

estimated9.15billiontonsofplasticproducedsincetheearly1950shasbeentakentolandfills

orabandonedoutdoors.（据联合国统计，全球每年产生3.31亿公斤塑料垃圾。自20世纪

50年代初以来，估计生产了91.5亿吨塑料，其中大约60%被送到了垃圾填埋场或被丢

弃在户外）”可知，作者引用了大量的数据去说明全球塑料垃圾的庞大数量及其处理方

式，所以作者是通过列举数据进行段落安排的。故选B项。

（2）D.词句猜测题。根据第三段"Overseas,IndiastatedinAugustthatitplanstoputawide

banonsingle-useplasticsthisupcomingsummer,withtheEuropeanUnionalready

implemenlinglhisban.（在海外，印度8月份表示，计划在即将到来的夏天全面禁止使用

一次性塑料，欧盟已经implementing了这一禁令）”可知，印度和欧盟都准备或已经禁

止使用一次性塑料，再结合划线后的“禁令”可知，implemenl的含义应为“实施“，A.lifting

提升;B.protecting保护;C.opposing反对;D.performing实施,表演。故选D项。

（3）D.段落大意题。根据第四段"Seaweedcomesinavarietyofspeciesandcanbeharvested

orfarmed.Notplausesplantsthathavebeenfarmed.RodrigoGarciaGonzalezandPierre

Pasiie,theinventorsofNotpla,initiallyconsideredseaweedasasolutiontotheworld'splastic

problemforseveralreasons.Seaweedisabundantandgrowsquickly.Additionallyitdoesn't

competewithlandcropsandishighlyfavoredforitsabilitytoremovesomewasteproducts

likecarbonfromtheatmosphere.（海藻种类繁多，可以收获或养殖。Notpla使用种植过的

植物。诺普拉（Notpla）的发明者RodrigoGarciaGonzalez和PierrePaslie最初认为海藻

可以解决世界塑料问题，原因有几个。海藻丰富，生长迅速。止匕外，它不与土地作物竞

争，并因其从大气中清除碳等废物的能力而备受青睐）”可知，本段主要介绍了使用海

藻为原料所具备的优势。故选D项。

（4）C.细节理解题。根据最后一段"Thecompanyrecognizesthedifficultyofsuchajob

giventhevolumeofplasticsconsumedaroundtheworld.（考虑到全球塑料消耗量，该公司

承认这一工作的难度）"可知，因为全球塑料消耗巨大，所以该公司认为要完全替代一

次性塑料的计划是存在困难的。故选C项。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Notpla研究生产的以海藻为基础的一次性塑料包装

替代品，介绍了其意义、可行性及前景。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。

16~20.【答案】B、C、D、F、G

【解析】（1）B.语境衔接题。根据上文"Truebeautyisnotfoundinlooks.真正的美不在

于外表。"可知B项（它源自内在）承接上文，指出真正的美在于内在而不在于外在，

It指代的就是Truebeauty,故选B»

（2）C.联系下文题。根据下文

"Mirrorstellusonlyapartofwhatweshowtotheouterworld.Gopastyourreflectionandse

etherealself!镜子只能告诉我们展现给外部世界的一部分。别只关注你的镜像，看看真

实的自我。"可知C项（超越你的镜像）正好概括这一话题，选项中的mirrorimage与

Mirrors一致，故选C。

（3）D.推理判断题。根据上文

"Eathealthydietandbecommittedtoadailyexerciseroutine.Lotsofeffortsareneeded.吃健

康的饮食，坚持每天锻炼。这需要很大的努力。”可知D项（从长远来看，你会感觉更

好）总结了这样做的好处，故选D。

（4）F.推理判断题。根据下文

"However,SerenaWilliamsneverhidesherunusualmuscularphysique.Instead,hershowingh

ermusclesenhancesherappeal.Manyfansthinksheisbeautiful.Thisprovesthatlookingbea

utifulandattractivegoesbeyondourlooks.然而，塞雷娜威廉姆斯从不掩饰她一身不寻常

的肌肉。相反，她展示她的肌肉增强了她的吸引力。许多粉丝认为她很漂亮。这证明漂

亮和有吸引力不仅仅是我们的外表。"可知其中表示转折的However表明此处是说人们

认为美只在于外表而忽略了通过外表体现出来的自信，因此F项（人们普遍认为美只是

一个关乎外表的问题）与下文形成转折，从而引出下文小威通过展示