人教版高中英语必修三高一第二学期英语期末考试题

高中英语学习材料madeofjingetieji广东省恩平市华侨中学2010-2011年高一第二学期英语期末考试题考试时间：120分钟满分：135分语言知识应用（共两节；满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1-15各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Severalfactorsmakeagoodnewspaperstory.First，1，itmustbenew.ButsinceTVcanreacttoeventssoquickly,thisisoftenaproblemfor2.Theyusuallyrespond3itinoneofthreeways.Onebyproviding4detail,commentorbackgroundinformation.Onebyfindinganew5ontheday'smajorstories.Onebyprintingcompletelydifferentstorieswhich6doesn'tbroadcast.Whatelse?Well—italsohastobe7.Peopledon'twanttoreadabout8,everydaylife.Becauseofthis,manystories9somekindofconflictordanger.Thisisonereasonwhysomuchnewsseemstobe10news,“Planelandssafely一no-onehurt"doesn'tsellnewspapers.“Plane11一200feareddead!"does.Next,there'shumaninterest.Peopleareinterestedinother12一particularlyintherich,famousandpowerful.Storiesabouttheprivatelivesofpopsingers,actors,models,politicians,13,allappearregularlyincertainnewspapers.Finally,formanyeditors,14isanimportantfactor,too.Theypreferstoriesaboutpeople,placesandeventswhichtheirreadersknow.That's15thestoriesinTokyo'snewspapersareoftenverydifferentfromthestoriesprintedinParis,Cairo,NewYorkorBuenosAires.1.A.graduallyB.extremelyC.obviouslyD.precisely2.A.newspapersB.publicationsC.reportersD.broadcasters3.A.withB.onC.ofD.to4.A.extraB.availableC.reliableD.memorable5.A.directionB.lookC.angleD.section6.A.TVB.internetC.newspaperD.radio7.A.conventionalB.dramaticC.professionalD.sensitive8.A.commonB.usualC.ordinaryD.special9.A.urgeB.neglectC.increaseD.involve10.A.goodB.badC.excitingD.informative11.A.crashesB.bumpsC.strikesD.drops12.A.placesB.peopleC.thingsD.news

13.A.inadditionA.personalityA.thatinanycasesimilaritywhyforexample13.A.inadditionA.personalityA.thatinanycasesimilaritywhyforexampletolerancebecauseafterallfamiliaritywhat第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填人一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为l6-25的相应位置上。Itwasacoldandcloudyafternoon.Iwasonthebuswithmychildren,agedfourandtwo,headinghomewhenitstartedtorain.Irealizedthiswouldmeanawetwalkhome16thebusstop.Homewasonlytwoblocksaway17itwasnotapleasantwalkwithonesmallboyfastasleepinthepram(手推婴儿车),theotheroneinaraincoatandnoumbrellaformyself.Apick-uptruckpassedusontheroadand,afewminuteslater,Isawit18(pull)backandthedriverlookingdirectlyatus.Ayoungmanputthewindowdown.“Hey,here'sanumbrellaforyou---pleasetakeit."Hecalledout.Istoodthere19(astonish),barelybelievingthattheman,20existencewasunknowntomeonlymomentsago,couldbeso21(thought).“Comeon,givethistoyourmummy,"hesaidtomyolderson.Igratefullyacceptedtheoffer,22(thank)himandwatchedthetruckdisappeardowntheroad.Thismanmighthaveneededtheumbrellafor23laterduringthedaybutpreferredtogiveittome.Itwasalessontome24it'spossibletogivewithoutexpectinganything_25return.II.阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从26—45题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。“Mostexperiencesofabsent-mindedness,forgettingwhereyouleftsomethingorwonderingwhyyoujustenteredaroom,arecausedbyasimplelackofattention,"saysSchacter.“You'resupposedtoremembersomething,butyouhaven'tencoded(编码)itdeeply."Encoding,Schacterexplains,isaspecialwayofpayingattentiontoaneventthathasamajorimpressiononrecallingitlater.Failuretoencodeproperlycancreatetroublesomesituations.Ifyouputyourmobilephoneinapocket,forexample,anddon'tpayattentiontowhatyoudidbecauseyou'reinvolvedinaconversation,you'llprobablyforgetthatthephoneisinthejacketnowhanginginyourcupboard.“Yourmemoryitselfisn'tfailingyou,"saysSchacter,“Rather,youdidn'tgiveyourmemorysystemtheinformationitneeded."/Lackofinterestcanalsoleadtoabsent-mindedness.“Amanwhocanrecitesportsstatisticsfrom30yearsago,"saysZelinski,“maynotremembertodropaletterinthemailbox."Womenhaveslightlybettermemoriesthanmen,possiblybecausetheypaymoreattentiontotheirenvironment,andmemorydependsonjustthat.“Visualcues(视觉提示)canhelppreventabsent-mindedness,"saysSchacter,“Butbesurethecueisclearandavailable."Ifyouwanttoremembertotakeamedicinewithlunch,putthepillbottleonthekitchentable—don'tleaveitinthemedicineboxandwriteyourselfanotethatyoukeepinapocket.Anothercommonexperienceofabsent-mindedness:walkingintoaroomandwonderingwhyyou'rethere.Mostlikely,youwerethinkingaboutsomethingelse.“Everyonedoesthisfromtimetotime,"saysZelinski.“Thebestthingtodoistoreturntowhereyouwerebeforeenteringtheroom,andyou'lllikelyremember."Thewriterofthepassagethinksthatencodingproperlyisveryimportantbecause.itenablesustorecallsomethingfromourmemoryitslowsdowntheprocessoflosingourmemoryithelpsusunderstandourmemorysystembetterithelpsustogetbacktowherewewereOnepossiblereasonwhywomenhavealittlebettermemoriesthanmenisthat.theyrelymoreontheenvironmenttheyhaveawiderrangeofintereststheyhaveanunusualpoweroffocusingtheirattentiontheyaremoreinterestedinwhat'shappeningaroundthemWhycananoteinthepockethardlyserveasareminder?.ItwilleasilygetlostItisoutofyoursightIt'snotclearenoughforyoutoreadItmightgetmixedupwithotherthingsFromthelastparagraphwecanlearnthat.repetitionmighthelpimproveourmemorymemorydependstoacertainextentontheenvironmentwe'dbetterreturntowherewewereifweforgetthingsweshouldthinkaboutsomethingelsewhiledoingonethingThepassageismainlyabout.thememorysystemofpersonsawayofencodingandrecallingthecausesofabsent-mindednesstheimpressionoftheenvironmentonmemoryB2010wastheyeartheEarthstruckback.Earthquakes,heatwaves,floods,volcanoes,supertyphoons,blizzards（暴风雪）,landslides（滑坡）anddroughtskilledatleastaquartermillionpeoplein2010---thedeadliestyearinmorethanageneration.Morepeoplewerekilledworldwidebynaturaldisastersthisyearthanhavebeenkilledinterrorismattacksinthepast40yearscombined.“Itjustseemedlikeitwasback-to-back（接二连三）anditcamewaves,"saidCraigFugate,

whoheadstheUSFederalEmergencyManagementAgency.Ithandledarecordnumberof

disastersin2010.“Theterm'100-yearevent'reallylostitsmeaningthisyear."Andwehaveourselvestoblamemostofthetime,scientistsanddisasterexpertssay.Eventhoughmanydisastersseemaccidental,thehandofmanmadethisaparticularlydeadly,costly,extremeandstrangeyearforeverythingfromwildweathertoearthquakes.Poorconstructionanddevelopmentpracticesmakeearthquakemoredeadlythantheyneedbe.Morepeopleliveinpovertyinvulnerablebuilding（危房）incrowdedcities.Thatmeansthatwhenthegroundshakestheriverbreaches（攻破），orthetropicalcyclone（旋风）hits,morepeopledie.TheJanuaryearthquakethatkilledwellmorethan220000peopleinHaitaisaperfectexample.Port-au-Princehasnearlythreetimesasmanypeople,manyofthemlivinginpoverty,andmorepoorlybuiltshanties（棚户区）thanitdid25yearsago.Sohadthesamequakehitin1985insteadof2010,totaldeathswouldhaveprobablybeeninthe80000range,saidRichardOlson,directorofdisasterriskreductionatFloridaInternationalUniversity.ClimatescientistssayEarth'sclimatealsoischangingthankstoman-madeglobalwarning,bringingextremeweather,suchasheatwavesandflooding.Theexcessive（过多的）amountofextremeweatherof2010isaclearsignofman-madeglobalwarningthatclimatescientistshavelongwarnedabout.TheycalculatethatthekillerRussianheatwave---settinganationalrecordof111degrees---wouldhappenonceevery100000yearswithoutglobalwarning.Preliminary（之前的）datashowthat18countiesbroketheirrecordsforthehottestdayever.WhiteHousescienceadviserJohnHoldrensaidweshouldgetusedtoclimatedisastersordosomethingaboutglobalwarning."Thescienceisclearthatwecanexpectmoreandmoreofthesekindsofdamagingeventsunlessanduntilsociety'semissionsofheat-trapping（吸热的）gasesandparticlesaresharplyreduce."Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytellus?HowtheEarthstruckbackin2010.B.WhytheEarthstruckback.C.Howterrorismattacksstruck.D.Whatnaturaldisastermeantous.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"refertointhethirdparagraph?Earthquake.B.TheEarth.C.2010D.Naturaldisaster.Whatdothefifth,sixthandseventhparagraphsmainlytellus?Thereasonwhythereweresomainlydisastersin2010.Thewaythatnaturaldisastershappened.Thewaythatmanbuiltbuildings.Thewaythatpeoplelived.Whatisthewaytocutbackonthenumberofnaturaldisasters?Tobuildstrongerhouses.Todevelopless.Toreducetheemissionsofheat-trappinggasesandparticlesgreatly.Toforecastthehappeningofnaturaldisasterscorrectly.WhydidthewritergivetheexampleoftheearthquakethathappenedinHaiti?Toshowmorepeople'slivinginvulnerablebuildingcancausemorepeopletodieinanearthquake.ToshowHaitiisapoorcountry.ToshowPort-au-Princeistoocrowded.Toshowman'sforecastabilityofanearthquakereduced.CWomenwhowanttosucceedatworkshouldresistthetemptationtoactlikemen,scientistshavesaid.Studiesshowthatambitiouswomenareoftenlesslikelytogetaheadthanthosewhoshowmorefemalecharacteristics.However,iftheytrytoadapt,promotioncomestheirway.Thefindings,whichwillletassertive（过分自信的）womendown,suggestthatthebestwayforawomantosucceedinaman'sworldistoactlikealady.Pastresearchhasshownthatwomenwithself-confidenceandothercharacteristicslinkedwithsuccessfulmanagementcanbeputasideatworkinfavorofgentletypes.Itisthoughtthatwhilesuchcharacteristicsarehighlypraisedinmen,ambitiouswomenarepenalizedfornotbeingfeminineenough.Insteadofbeingseenasstrongmanagers,ambitiouswomenareinanunfavorablesituation.InoneUSstudy,researchersexploredpersonaldetailsfromuniversitystudentsapplyingforasummerjobatabank.Awomenapplicantwhoattemptedtoapplyforspecialwagestopayhertransportorlivingcostswasthreeandahalftimeslesslikelytogetajobofferthanasimilarmale.Infact,thiskindofwomanwastheleastlikelytogettakenon.Thelateststudysetouttoexplorewhatwomenwhoarenaturallyassertivecoulddotogetaheadintheworkplace.Eightyyoungmenandwomencompletedsurveysabouttheirpersonalitywhilestudyingincollege.Aroundeightyearslater,theresearchersgotbackintouchwiththemtofindouthowtheircareersweregoing.Somehadbeenpromotedfivetimes,othersjustonceortwice.Theresultsshowedthatambitiouswomenwhosticktotheirdecisionshadbeenpromotedlessthanmorefemininegroups.Buttheambitiouswomenwhomadeaconsciousefforttonotappeartobethreateningby“self-controlling"theirbehaviorhaddonebetterthanthosewhohadcarriedonignoringothers'views.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“penalized"meaninthesecondparagraph?TreatedbadlyB.AskedtoleaveC.LookeddownuponD.Madesb.haveadisadvantageAccordingtothepassage,ifanambitiouswomanandasimilarmanbothaskthecompanyforanextrapayment,.thewomanislesslikelytobeacceptedthewomanwillworkharderifshegetsthepaymentthemancanmakeagoodimpressiononthebosstheycanbebothacceptediftheyuseproperwordsTheambitiouswomeninthelateststudy.hadbeenpromotedonlyonceortwicetriedhardtobeassuccessfulasgentletypesweremoreacceptedatworkaftertheycontrolledtheirbehaviorfilledinthesurveysaftertheygraduatedfromcollegeWhatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Successfulmanagementishighlypraisedinwomen.Somewomenwillbedisappointedbythemassage.Menactinglikealadyarelikelytobepromotedatwork.

Thelateststudywasaimedathowtobecomeasuccessfulboss.40.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?Howassertivewomencancontroltheirbehavior.Feministscandobetterbycontrollingtheirbehavior.Actinglikeamanwon'tgetwomenpromotedatwork.Howtheambitiouswomencanavoidactinglikemen.ChristopherThomas,27,wasawriterbynightandateacherbydaywhenhenoticedhewasalwaystiredandwaslosingweightfast.Diagnosedwithdiabetes（糖尿病）,Thomaswouldneedtoinjecthimselfwithinsulin（胰岛素）threetimesadayfortherestofhislifeorrisknervedamage,blindness,andevendeath.Andifthatweren'tbadenough,hehadnohealthinsurance.Afteramonthoffeelingupset,Thomasdecidedhe'dbetterfindawaytofightback.HeleftCanton,MichiganforNewYork,gotajobwaitingtables,nicknamedhimselftheDiabeticRockstar,,afreeonlinecommunityfordiabeticsandtheirlovedones一aplacewhereover1,100peoplesharepersonalstories,information,andresources.JasonSwencki'sson,Kody,wasdiagnosedwithtypediabetesatsix.Fatherandsonvisittheonlinechildren'sforums（论坛）togethermostevenings."Kodygetssoexcited,writingtokidsfromallover,"saysSwencki,oneofthesite'svolunteers."Theyknowwhathe'sgoingthrough,sohedoesn'tfeelalone."Kodyisanythingbutalone:DiabetesisnowtheseventhleadingcauseofdeathintheUnitedStates,with24milliondiagnosedcases.Andmorepeoplearebeingdiagnosedatyoungerages.Thesedays,Thomas'smainfocusishischarity（慈善机构），FightIt,whichprovidesmedicinesandsuppliestopeople一225todate一whocan'taffordadiabetic'shugeexpenses.Fhasraisedabout$23,000—inproductsandincash.InMay,ThomaswillholdthefirstannualDiabeticRockstarFestivalintheCaribbean.Evenwithastaffof22volunteers,Thomasoftendevotesupto50hoursaweektohiscause,whilestilldoinghisfull-timejobwaitingtables."Ofthediabetescharitiesoutthere,mostareputtingmoneyintofindingacure,"saysBentleyGubar,oneofRockstar'soriginalmembers."ButChristopheristheonlypersonIknowsayingpeopleneedhelpnow."WhichofthefollowingistrueofChristopherThomas?Heneedstogotothedoctoreveryday.HestudiestheleadingcauseofdiabetesHehasapositiveattitudetothisdisease.Heencouragesdiabeticsbywritingarticles.Dwascreatedfor.A.diabeticstocommunicatechildrentoamusethemselvesA.diabeticstocommunicatechildrentoamusethemselvesAccordingtothetext,Kody.A.feellonelybecauseofhisillnessC.helpscreatetheonlinekid'sforumsWhatcanwelearnaboutFightIt?D.writeschildren'sstoriesonlineIthelpsthediabeticsinfinancialdifficulties.Itorganizespartiesforvolunteeronceayear.Itofferslessexpensivemedicinetodiabetics.Itownsawell-knownmedicalwebsite.ThelastparagraphsuggeststhatThomas.A.worksfull-timeinadiabetescharityB.employs22peopleforhiswebsitehelpsdiabeticsinhisownwayD.tiestofindacurefordiabetes第二节：信息匹配（共5小题，每小题2分,满分10分）请阅读下列应用文及其相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。下面是一篇应用文及其应用场合的信息，请阅读下列应用文和相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。首先，请阅读下列六则卡通人物的性格介绍：WhydoyourememberHelloKitty,Snoopyandalltheothercartooncharacters?Whatmakesyoulovethem?Well,maybebecausethey'relikethepeoplearoundyou.Thinkaboutit!Youmayfindafriendorclassmatewhoislikethem.AssweetasHelloKitty:Shelikestoeatcake.Shelovestomakenewfriends.Shelikestoaskfriendstoherparties.Hersmileissolovely.AscleverasSnoopy:Hewenttoschoolwhenhewasnine.Helearnedtouseatypewriterintwoyears!Hethinksalot.Heissocleverthatyouliketobewithhim.Assarcastic（讽刺的）asGarfield:Hesitshappilyintheseatandsayssharpwordstoyou.Sometimesheisnotnice.Hedoesn'treallylikeyou?Hethinksyou'reafool?No,inhisheart,helovesyou.Heisafriendwithhardwordsbutawarmheart.AsnaughtyasMashiMaro:Hedoesn'tlooklikeagoodboy.Hehassleepyeyesandlooksnaughty.Healwaysplaystricks.Soyoumaygetangrywithhimanddon'tlikehimverymuch.Hismindisactiveandfullofideas.Hetriestobebigandcatchyoureyes.But,he'sstillachild.AsconfidentasPrinceofTennis:Hehasfaithinhimselfandalwayswantstowin.AsfriendlyasMickey:Heiscleverandkind.Hehasagoodheartandisgladtohelpothers.Everyonelikestoturntohimforhelpwhenevertheyareintrouble.请阅读Susan,Tom,John,Bob,George的个性描述，然后匹配与他们个性相当的卡通人物。Tomisawarm-heartedboy,andhecaresforothersverymuch.Ifyoumeetwithanydifficulty,youcantellhim,andhewillsurelyhelpyou.Susanhasmanyfriendsandshelikestostaywiththeminmanykindsofparties.Onherfacethereisalwaysasmile.Johnlikesthinkingandcanalwaysfindwaystosolveanydifficultproblems.Bobseemstobeveryrudeandimpoliteandhiswordsareunpleasanttohear,buthisinnerheartisfullofconcernsforothers.Georgebelievesinhimself,andhealwayswantstowinthefirstplaceinalmosteverything.Ill写作（共两节，满分为40分）第一节：基础写作（共1小题，满分15分）［写作内容］假设有一批加拿大中学生将来你校就读，校方要求你在开学典礼上介绍一下学校的有关规关规贝y。请按以下要点写一篇发言稿。开头和结尾已为你写好（不计入句数）穿戴佩校章，穿校服作息不迟到，不早退：上午7：30上课，下午4：30放学环境卫生放学后扫地，保持校园清洁交通若要骑车上学，需办理自行车许可证［写作要求］必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容。提示：校章schoolbadge许可证permit第二节读写任务(共1小题，满分25分)阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。ALittleHeroAgroupofItaliansoldiersledbyacaptainwereadvancingslowlytowardthepositionoftheenemy.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy,cuttingabranchofatreewithhisknife."Whatareyoudoinghere?"askedthecaptain."Whydidn'tyouleavewithyourfamily?""Idon'thaveanyfamily,"saidtheboy."I'manorphan.Iusedtoworkforthefamilythatlivedhere.They'vegone,butIstayedinordertoseethefighting.""HaveyouseenanyAustrianspassbyhere?""Notwithinthelastthreedays.""DoyouthinkyoucouldclimbthattreeandtellmewhetheryouseeanythingoftheAustriansinthedistance?""Sure!"Inafewminutestheboywasatthetopofthetree."Lookstraightahead,"criedthecaptain,"andtellmewhatyousee.""Twomenonhorseback-nothingelse.""Howfaraway?""Aboutamileandahalf.They'restandingstill."...."They'reshootingatme,"saidtheboy."butdon'tworry.Letmetellyouwhat'stotheleft.Well,there'sachurchandIthinkIsee..."Athirdbulletpassed,andtheboywasseentofallsuddenlyfromthetree,dead."Poorboy!"saidthecaptain,coveringtheboy'sbodywithanationalflagandsaying,"Hediedlikeasoldierandwemustburyhimlik