小学英语语法形容词副词

腾飞辅导中心小学英语语法（第22期）第三讲形容词和副词NameMark★重点讲解一、形容词：形容词是用来修饰物体的形状、大小、长度、属性、特点的词。.一般位于名词前，做 “前置定语”。Ihaveabusyday.我忙了一天。 Sheisafamousscientist..放在be动词的后面，被称为“系表结构”。如：Heisclever Sheisbeautiful..当几个形容词或形容词和名词同时修饰一个名词时，必须按照正确的排列顺序，即：大小---形状---颜色---质地。如：abigyellowbanana awhiteroundstonebench.表示国籍的几个形容词，还可以用作名词，但意义上有所区别。如：aChinese/JapaneseboyspeakChinese/Japanese.形容词修饰不定代词 something,anything等时，需要置于其后。如：Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Thereissomethingwrongwithyou.二、副词：是说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。.副词的分类时间副词如：now,usually,often,always,sometime,yesterday等。地点副词如：here,there,everywhere等。（其前不能力口介词，如： gothere/comehere）方式副词如：quietly,slowly,quickly,carefully等。（"怎样地"）程度副词如：very,much,quite（完全地，十分地），too（太）等。.副词的用法：主要用来修饰动词的。如：Heplaysbasketballwell.Hejumpshigh.三、形容词、副词的等级：原级、比较级和最高级。.原级的用法肯定句： 主语+be动词+as+原级+as ,表布和…一■样，如：Surfingisasinterestingasswimming.否定句： 主语+be动词+notso/as+原级+as ,表示和…不一样，如:Surfingisnotso/asinterestingasswimming.比较级：两个人或物体之间的相对比较。通常用在两个物体之间用 than来连接。(1)句式结构：主语+be动词+比较级+than+ ,如：EnglishismoreimportantthanJapanese,Ithink.(有than——定有比较级)Whichdoyoulikebetter,thisoneorthatone(没有than也可以有比较级)(2)比较级的用法：比较级and比较级，如：Hebecomesfatterandfatter.moreandmore+原级” 越来越.....，”如：Ourcountryisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.③The+比较级•••...,the+比较级•••... “…越•••，越Themore,thebetter..最高级：是三个或三个以上的物体之间的相互比较。（1）句式结构：主语+be动词+最高级 ,如：Amyisthemostbeautifulgirlinmyclass. （形容词最高级前要有the）Herunsfastestintherunningmatch. （副词前最高级前的 the省略）（2）最高级的用法：①（the）最高级+比较范围…JimisthetallestinhisclassJimisthetallestofthethree.②最高级…，A,BorCWhichisthefarthest,thetrainstation,thebusstationortheairport③主语+be动词+oneofthe+最高级+名词复数Xi'anisoneoftheoldescitiesinChina.★补充：比较级前可以有一个表示程度的词：如alittlerathermuchalotfarevenany等Heismuchbettertoday.Frankisevenstrongerthanhisfather.四、形容词与副词的变化关系.大多数副词是用形容词加后缀- ly构成的。Eg:quick--quicklyslow--slowlybrave--bravely.以-y结尾的形容词，现将y改成i,再加-ly。Eg:happy——happily angry——angrily.有些副词与形容词形式相同。

Eg:late,early,high,long,fast,friendly补充：good的副词是well,但是well也有形容词的意义，表示身体状况好，如：I'mwell.貌似副词的形容词：friendly友好的；lovely可爱的五、形容词、副词比较级和最高级变化规则情况变化规则举例一般单音节词 /少数多音节词直接在词尾加 -er或-esttall-taller-tallestclean-cleaner-cleanestsmall-smaller-smallestclever-cleverer-clevereststrong-stronger-strongestlong-longer-longestyoung-younger-youngest以e结尾的单音节词加-r或-stlarge---larger-largestsafe-safer-safestlate---later---latestfine—-finer—finestwide-wider-widest以‘辅音字母+y”结尾的词变y为i再加-er或-estearly-earlier-earliest.easy-easier-easiestheavy-heavier-heaviesthappy-happier-happiest dry--drier--driest以重读闭音节单音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词双写末尾的辅音字母， 再加-er或-esthot—hotter--hottest thin--thinner--thinnestbig—bigger—biggest wet—wetter—wettestfat--fatter--fattest多音节和大部分双音节词在原级前加more/mostimportant--moreimportant--mostimportantbeautiful--morebeautiful--mostbeautifulinteresting--moreinteresting--mostinteresting不规则变化（重要，常考）原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/farthest/★做中学一、写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式1.long2.wide3.fat4.strong5.bright6.young7.big8.easy9.kind10.small11.bad12.good

heavy 15.ill old 二、用所给词的正确形式填空Ofthetwogirls,IfindLucythe (clever).Gold(黄金)is (little)usefulthaniron(铁).Mysisteristwoyears (old)thanI.John’sparentshavefourdaughters,andsheisthe (young)child.The (cheap)bagsarenotusuallytheworstones.Theboyisnotso (interesting)ashisbrother.Dicksings (well),shesings (well)thanJohn,butMarysings (well)inherclass.Shewillbemuch (happy)inhermewhouse.★过关训练一、选择填空Thelineis thanthatone.A.morelonger B.notlongerThebookis ofthetwo.Thelineis thanthatone.A.morelonger B.notlongerThebookis ofthetwo.A.thinner B.thethinnerShelooks thanshedoes.A.themoreolderB.veryolderThegardenisbecoming .muchlongerC.morethinnerC.mucholdermanymorelongerD.thethinnestD.moreoldermorebeautifulandmoremorebeautifulandbeautifulmorebeautifulandmoremorebeautifulandbeautifulC.moreandmorebeautiful D.morebeautifulandbeautifulerTheycompeted(比赛) toseewhocouldwork.A.thefastestandbest B.thefasterandthebetterC.fastestandbetter D.fasterandbetterThiskindofshirtlooks andsells .A.nice,well B.nice,good C.well,well D.good,niceTabletennisis thanbasketballinChina.A.popular B.lesspopularC.morepopular D.mostpopularThisyear,itdoesn ’tsnowas lastyear.A.morethanB.manyas C.muchas D.muchthanIthinkitis cheaperand interestingtotravelaroundthesmalltownonfootthanbytaxi.

much;evenmoremore;moremuch;evenmoremore;moreC.more;muchmore D.much;muchBeijingisoneof inChina.A.thebiggestcities B.biggestcityC.abiggercity D.thebiggestcity、翻译句子．这本书跟那本书一样有趣。 Thisbookis thatone.2．你游泳没有你弟弟好。 Youcan’