人教版七年级上册英语语法和练习

--七年级上册英语语法练习一、代词1、人称代词和物主词英语的人称代词有三不同的人称形式：第一人称；第二人称；第三人称。三种称又各有单、复数形式。在上列人称代词的不同形式中还含了主格宾两“格的形式。这样“格的形来划分英的人称代词又可归纳为：主格：，，he，she，we，you，they宾格：，you，him，it，，，them此外，还有所有格形。属格：mymine，，yours，his，her，，its，ourours，theirtheirs属格又可分为两类：一类是容词性物主代词（my，your，，her，its，our，their即物主限定词”；另一类是名词性物主代词minehersourstheirs，即“物主代词”。第一人称第二人三人称人单复数复数单数复数称数数代主格Iweyouyoushe\he\they词

it宾格meusyouyouher\him\themit物形物myouryouryourhertheir主代

its代名物minouryouryourshers/histheir词代ess/itss人称代词用法：（）人称代词主格做主语，表示谁怎么样了，干什么了。Iamateacher.Youarestudent.Hea,too.We/You/Theyarestudent.-----（）人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象，一般放在动词的后面。Givetome.Let’sgo.(let’s=letus)（）形容词性物主词（my/your/his/her/its/our/their）名词。（）而名词性物主词（mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs）则相当于形容词性物主代词+名词故其后不必加名词。如：-Isthisyourbook?-No,itisnt,itshers(herbook).[it’Jim’s,it’sTom’s.......]名词性物主代词形词性物主代词+名词为避免重复使用名词有时可用“名词性物主代词”来代容词性物主词+名词式bagisyellow,herbagisred,hisbagisblueandyourispink.为避免重复使用成Mybagisyellow,hersishisblueandyoursispink.练习：________(我amteacher.Myfathertalkingwith_______().This_______(我的book._______(他的)is_______(我们的)classroomisbig._______(他oftenplaysbasketballschool.7._______(他的)teacherisgood.8._______(我们)buyaofshoesfor_______(他.9.Pleasepass_____(我们)theball.10._______(他们)arelisteningtotheradio.11.________(我)amateacher.12.This她的bag.Thatis__________(他的)13._______(他的)capisblue._____________(们的areyellow.-----Ourchairisthan_________(they).Iwillgivetheto________(they).16.Theseare________(I),thoseare____(you).17.Myruleris________(you)isshort.18.Mybikeisbroken.Mayborrow______she)?19.Canyoushow_______(I)yourIt’stime______(they)togohome.Mr.Greenoftentells_______(we)stories.22.Thesearenotyourdesks.Theyare_____(our).23.Thisnotmy_______(he)24.Isaw________(she)theshopyesterday.人称代词和物主代词习：（一）用代词的适当式填空。1．Thereisletterfor________、hers)mother.2．is_____(shecoat.Thecoatred.___(it)isnewone.3Whosepensarethese?_______(their)are______4．_______(he)toy,please.．________(we)areblack.．andBilltwins._________(them)parentsteachers.．Givethebook__________(I).．Theseare__________(we).．Thatnot_________Thatkiteverysmall,but_________isbig.()．Thedressis_________.Giveit_________.she)11．Isthis_________watch?(you)it’not_________(I)12______isbrother._____nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare_____.he)2、指示代词（）this“这”复数形式these“这些”指代近处的人或物体;-----（）“那”,其数形式those“那些”,指代远处的人或物。3、指示代词thisthatthesethose主语,一般疑问句的简略回答（）this/yourauntYes,itis.No,itisn’t.简略回答时用主格词it代（）Arethese/thoseyouruncles?Yes,theyare.Notheyaren’简略回答时用主格词they代替用所给的词选择填空Thesearepensand____arepencils.(that,this,those)Tomsickyesterday.______ismissedschool.(That,Those,These)Whichof______shirtsareTom's(These,this,4deskis______is(those,this,that)5、isbetter______ofTianjing.(this,that,these).二、名词名词名词分为可数词和不可数名词。1、不可数名词表示事物其数量可以数清或者难以数清。例如:water“水”水的数量不可以数清rice“大米谷粒”,其数量难数清。不可数名词用法上有两大特点(1)没有复数形式;(2)不能用不定冠a/an、数词、many饰。2、可数名:表示的物,其数量可以数清。可数名词用法上的特点:(1)有单数、复数种形式;(2)能用不定冠词a/an、基数词、many饰。3、单数名词后加s或es成复数名词。单数名词后加s-----或es的方法如下:、一情况,名词后直接加s(清辅音后读//,浊辅音后读z例如parents“双”;aunts“阿姨”;friends“朋友”、以字母结尾的名词,接加s读/z/)例如uncles“叔叔”;pictures“图画”、以字母结尾的名词,的加s,有的加(读/z/)例如photos“照片;tomatoes“红柿”;母+y尾的名词,y为i,加es(读/z/)例如family→families;→parties(5)以sxchsh结尾名词,直接加es(/例如buses“公共汽”boxes“盒子”wishes“希望”watches“手表”(6)少数名词的复形式是不规则的,特殊形式。manmenwoman→womenpeople→peoplechild—children(7)knife的复数形式knives4名词所有格:表“某人的”词+’或s构成。其规则如下:(1)一般情况下名词直接加s:Jims(吉姆的;mymother’s(的亲的2、以s结尾的复数词,直接加:friends’我的朋友的;hisstudents3人或物属各自有几个人共有变成所有格。’andKate’aunts吉姆的阿姨和凯特的姨andKate’sbirthday吉姆和凯特共有)的生一、写出下列词的复形式am_________is_________he_________she_______it________that_________this_________you_________pen_________desk_________key_________orange_______-----boy_________friend_________parent_________class_________child______shelf_________bed_________radio_______photo_______tomato_______woman_________man_________strawberry_________dictionary_________box_________watch_________二、选择填空()1.There____thewall.Theyareverybeautiful.A.arephotoesB.arephotosC.aD.isphotos()2.Themanwants_________.A.sixofapplesB.sixboxesofappleC.sixboxofapplesD.sixboxsofapples()3.There_________two_________inbox.A.,watchB.,watchesC.are,watchD.is,watches()4.Themeetingroomisnearthereadingroom.A.teacherB.teacher’C.teachersD.teachers()5.___shirtiswhite.A.brotherB.MybrothersC.brother’D.Mybrothers’()6.TodaySeptember10th.is____Day.A.TeachersB.Teachers’C.theTeachers’D.Teacher’()7.It's1st,it's_______Day.A.ChildrensB.ChildrensC.Childrens'D.Childrens's()8.This_______isonMay9th.A.mother'sbirthdayB.mothers'brithday-----C.mothersbirthdayD.mothers'sbirthday()9.This___.A.MikeandJim'sB.Mike'sJimbikeC.Mike'sJim'sbikeD.MikeandJimbike三、变换句型（把下句子变为复数句）。Thismyfriend.2.Thisistable.3.Thatherbrother.4.Thisa5.Thataneraser.6.Itaorange.7.Heateacher.8.What’this?四、按中文意思填空1._____________(李的parentsworkinbighospital.2.Thisis________(妹妹的Chinesebook.3.____________(我的姐和弟弟的roomsareverynice.4.___________(王和王明的)fatherahotelmanager.5.this_________________(你的朋友的)pen?6.Theyare_________________(Peter和Sam的)teachers.7._____________(教师节isonSeptember10th.8.____________(生们的)desksandchairsarenew.9._____________(赵的)shoeswhite.10._____________(JohnSally的mothersareAmerican.11.________________(Tony哥哥)isbroken.-----12、It’_______________(女节onMarch三、冠词只有不定冠词a(an)和冠词三，不用冠词叫零冠词。1、不定冠词a和：a用在辅音前，如apenachairan在元音前anteacheranEnglish注意辅音字母第一个是元音的情况：Hh,Ll,Mm,Ss,七个字母的一个音是元音在说一个字母时要用an“”(一同时注意字母U,它是音字母但它的第一个音是辅音因此说一个，应为a“”2、定冠词the：当一名词第二次出现时前面用the。注意在三餐breakfastlunch前不用,月份和星期前都不用the,体活动的球类运动前面不用the如havedinnerinJanuary\December\Sundayplaybasketballplaytennis(volleyball\soccerPingPong\chess\baseball)3、如单数可数名词有thatmy等代词修饰时，则不再使用a。冠词练习()1.Thereisartroominthebuilding.A.B.anC.D.()2.----Whatcoloris_____orange?---’____orange.A.an,theB./,anC./D./,the)3.There”and___“”intheword“rulers”.A.aB.an,aC.a,anD.an,an)4.Its____Englishbook.A.B.anC.theD./-----)5.Ihave___veryinterestingbook.Itabout___excitingA.an,theB.the,C.anD.a,a)6thatyour______A．apictureB．pictureCpicturesDpictures)7___Kate’s___?Athis,bookB．that，bookCthese，booksD．，)8.Thats_________artbook.A.B.aC.are四、数词1数词onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelvethirteenfourteen2、序数词firstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtenth口诀：默写数词练习MrGreenhas______()daughters.KateMrGreen_____(one)daughter.Thereare______(twelve)monthsinyear.4、Marchisthe_______three)monthofyear.5、have_____(twenty)computers.Icanafford_______(eightsweatersMrGreen’s______(nine)storeverybig.8、----Howisyour?----She_______(12)yearsold.9、----Howisherfather?----isyearsold10.Januarythe_______monthofyear.Februarythe_______monthofyear.Aprilthe_______monthofyear.-----Maythe_______monthofyearAugustthe_______monthofyear.Decemberthe_______monthofyear.五、介词介词：本册的介词较，主要用在介词短语里面，如on：onsale销售\April8th,(四月八日onthedesk(在桌子上onTV(电视上in：inEnglish(英语)\intheafternoon在下午\incase\box(在子里T-shirtred(红)\inSeptember(九月)beourschoolmusicfestival（加我们学校的音乐节）atsb.at3356(拨3356找人\atyourschool(在你们学校里\HuaxingClothesStore（在华兴服装店）atverygoodprice常优惠的价格)\atsix(点钟)havelookat(一看)of：aof(一串\theofyourfamily你的全家照\of=aof(许多\datebirth（birthday）生日)with：withsb.同人一起\begood…相处得好\sb.withsth.(帮某人做某事)forthanksfor=thankfor(谢某人的….)bagforsports运包\for$30(卖30元的裤子\seeforyourself(亲自看看\forgirls(对女孩子来说\sth.forlunch欢吃……当作午餐about：aboutChinesehistory(有关中国历史)under：underthedesk在子下面六、形容词本册所学的形容词不，注意拼法和反义词(small)\long(short)\sad(happy)\boring(interesting\funny)\exciting\difficult\relaxing\great\healthy(new)\white-----(black)七、副词●副词：除疑问副词，本册的副词有tooverywelloftenalsoreally副词oftenalsoreally等句中的位置都是在行为动词前面或是系动词后面。注意几组词的区别：tooalsotoo般放在句子的末尾also在行为动词前面或是系动词的面。well和good两词都有“好”的意思，但well是副词而是形词well饰动词放在动词的后面，good修饰名词放在词的前面如playbasketballwellspeakEnglishagoodstudentGoodmorning八、连词连词：本册所学连词andbutorthen●and接两个词两个句子，表示前后的句子意思顺接。如：likethrillersandlikeactionmovies●but接两个句，表示后面意思转折。如：likestomatoesshe’tlikepotatoes.●表示选择关系如：youplaythepianotheviolin?●then表示动作的后顺序。九、动词及句型转换1、动词的种类(四)（）系动词：如动词isare)；becomesound等（）情态动词如can、may、need；（）助动词（dodoes）（行为动词如takebringeathave(has)like、sell、buy、play、see、go等2、动词的第三人称数（与名词的复数一样）如eat(eats)take(takes)buyplay-----(plays)have(has)is(are)3、动词的时态（一现在时）（1）含有动词有be动词的句子在变般疑问句时be动词放到句首，（注意第一人称变为二人称)AreyouaChineseboy?IsshetwelveIsTim’brother含有be词的句子在变否定句时只须在“be动词+not”，注：anyand→ImnotaChineseboy.Sheisn’twelveHeisnotTim’btother含有情态动词的句子（can等，以can例）,Shecanplaybasketball.Hismother’scousincansingmanyEnglishsongs.含有情态词的句子在变一般疑问句时只须情态词放到句首”，Cansheplaybasketball?Canhismother’cousinsingmanyEnglishsongs含有情态动词的句子变否定句时直接在情态动词的后边加上not注意：some→anyand→or例：cannotplaybasketballHismother’scousincannotsingmanyEnglishsongs含有行为动词的句子Wehavemanyfriends.TheywatchTVat7intheeveningThestudentstaketheirbookstoschool①含有行为动词的子在变一般疑问句时要在原句子的-----前面加do.DoyouhavemanyfriendsDotheywatchTVat7intheeveningDothestudentstaketheirbookstoschool②含有行为动词的句在变否定句时只须在行为动词前加don’t.注意：some→anyand→orWedon’havemanyfriends.Theydon’watchTVat7intheeveningThestudentsdon’taketheirbookstoschool③含有行为动词的子，当主语是第三人称单数时，行为动词要加(或es)如ShehasaredpenHehaseggsforbreakfastHermotherbuysskirtforher含有行为词的句子当主语是第三人称单数时变般疑问句要“加does,为动词要还原”。注意：some→anyDoesshehavearedpenDoeshehaveeggsforbreakfastDoeshermotherbuyaskirtforher含行为动的句子当主语是第三人称单数时否句时“在行为动词前面doesn’t,时原行为动词要还原”。注意：→and→orShedoesn’thavearedpenHedoesn’haveeggsforbreakfast练习(1)、在下面的题目填上恰当的Be动。1.________Kitty.-----She_______astudent.JaneandTom_________myfriends.4.sisters_______I_______atnow.We________students.They________thezoo.YangLing________tenyearsold.9.Where________yourfriends?Howold__________you?I__________astudent.You____adoctor.____sheKitty?_____youChinese?He_____inShanghai.It_____acar.Here______familyphoto.____yourmotherintheroom?19._____yourfriendsintheroom?20.________15yearsoldnow.21.These_____buses.22.Those_____oranges.练习：-----1)Hisparents_______(watch)TVnight.1)brother_________(do)everyday.2)Hisparents_________watch)everynight.2)Mybrother________(nothomeworkevery3)________hisparents________(watch)TVeverynight?Yes,they_____.No,they3)______yourbrother________）homeworkeveryday?Yes,he______.\No,_________.4)When________hisparents________(watch)TheywatchTVnight.4)When_____yourbrother____(do)homework?Hedoeshomeworkevery本块习题:用所给词正确形式填空1、I_______(have)aball2、______have)twoping-pongballs.、______()everyday.、______(speak)English5、______call)Jimevery.6、daughter______().7、friend______（know）English.-----8、______(studyEnglishsometimes.、boyoften______（watch）TV10、Heruncle______(gohomeonfoot本块练习题下列定句变成否定句般疑问句并作简略回答。1、likecomputers.否They____________computers疑____they____computers?___________2、hasaclub否He____________sportsclub疑______he_____sportsclub?____________、WewatchTVsometimes否We____________TVsometimes.疑_______________TVsometimes?____________4、oftenplayscomputers否Tom______often____computergames.疑_____Tomoften_____computergames?____________5、hassomebasketballs.否She________________basketballs.疑:_____she__________basketballs?-----____________6、Ienjoyplayingsportseveryday否I____________playingsportsday.疑:__________________playingeveryday?____________7、.Mydaughtercallssometimes否Mydaughter____________mesometimes疑:__________daughter_____mesometimes?____________8、girlspeaksEnglishandChinese.否Thegirl____________English_____Chinese疑_____thegirl_____English_____Chinese____________练习：1、likessomefruitsforlunch(般疑问句).Tom____________fruitslunch?2、Ilikevegetablesfordinner(上.____________vegetablesfordinner?3、runningstarhaslotshealthy否定句.-----Therunningstar____________lotsofhealthyfood4、havelotofchicken.(同)They____________alotofchicken.、youruninthemorningeveryday

(定回答________6、yourfriendenjoyfruitsfor?否定回______7、Alotofpeoplelikeeatinghealthy同义句______people______healthy练习题(一、1、肯定句Thisismypencil(是我的铅笔否定句This______mypencil.(这不是我的铅笔一般疑问______this______?(这是你铅笔吗)肯定回答____________.否回答._____________、肯定Thatismyeraser那我的橡皮擦否定句That______eraser.(那不是我的橡皮擦一般疑问_____that______eraser?(是你的皮擦肯定回答定回答______________-----、肯定Thesearemypens.这些是我的钢笔否定句These______mypens.(这些不是我钢笔一般疑问______these______pens些是你钢笔吗)肯定回答____________.____________

否定回答4、肯定句Thosearebaseballs(那些是他的棒球否定句Thosehisbaseballs.(那些不是他的棒球一般疑问句______those______?些是他的棒球吗)肯定回答____________

否定回答5、肯定句IamHelen我是海伦)否定句____________Helen(我是海伦一般疑问____________Helen.(你是海伦吗)肯定回答____________.____________

否定回答、肯定Ithernotebook.