高一英语试卷英语阅读理解题分类汇编

高一英试卷英语阅理解题类汇编一、高英语阅读理1．阅读理解Mostofbeeninthissituation:You'reonwayyourfriend'shouse,thenyousuddenlyaskyourself,"DidIremembertoturnthelightsoff?”Forthosewith"smarthomes",however,thiswouldn'tbeproblem.Overthelastfewyears,smarttechnologyhasbecomepopular.Thankstouser-friendlyproductslikeintelligentlightingheatingcontrollers,peoplecontrolnearlyelectricalitemintheirhomesfromanywhereinworld.Whilearen'tnew,companieslikePhilips,AmazonandXiaomihavefinallybroughtautomationtoeverydaypeoplewithaffordableproductslikeartificialintelligence(AI)speakersandsensors.“Theobviousmessagethatyoucanstopwastingenergy,”TomKerber,directorofresearchforU.S-baseddigitalcompanyParksAssociates,toldGuardian.Andthetechnologyalsohasmoremeaningfuluses.Norway,forexample,isusingsmarttechtolifeeasierforitselderlycustomers.Abilia'ssystemallowscarerstocheckuponpatientsthroughatabletonawallinsidetheirhome.Thedevicesendspatientsremindersabouttasks,suchaswhentheyneedtotake想.Itcaneventellcarersifthere'sunusualactivitythehomethatcouldbelife-threatening.“Thiskindofsystemallowspeopletotakecareofthemselves,theimportantthing,”Abilia'svicepresident,OysteinJohnsen,toldtheBBC."Italsosavesthegovernmentmoney.InNorway,itcostsmillionkroner(about0.8millionyuanyeartohavesomeoneinacareThiscostskroneryear.”So,forthosewhoalready"gonesmart",itpossibletogobacktodothingstheold-fashionedway?"Ithinkitwouldbedifficult.wetofriend'shouseoronvacationweourselvesexpectinghousetodothingsforthatshoulddo,"Poulson,35,aseniorprogrammanagerSeattle.,U.S.,explained.（）arefirstandparagraphsusedA.Introducingthetopic.Describingthesituation.Advertisinghomes.D.Puttingforwardtheauthor'sopinion.（）doPhilips,AmazonandXiaomihaveincommon?A.Theyaredesigninghomes.B.TheyareU.S-baseddigitalcompany.They'vealladvancedinsmarttechnology.D.They'veallreceivedaffordableproductsautomatically.（）Abilia'ssystemallowuserstodoinA.takeofthemselves.B.buyuser-friendlyproducts.Tocontrolheatingandcooling.D.Toswitchlightsthroughtablet.（）Poulson'sattitudetosmarttechnology?A.Cautious.B.FavorableAmbiguous.Disapproving.【答案】（）CAB【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说文，介绍了智能家居领域又有了新的进展。考查推理判断。第一、二段是对智能家居的现象的描述，从第三段开始文章介绍了智能家居在人们日常生活中的发展及应用，因此，第一、二段是为了引出智家居”的题。故选A考查细节理解。根据第三段中“...companieslikePhilipsAmazonandXiaomihavefinallybroughttoeverydaypeoplewithaffordableproductslikeartificial（）speakersand．可，这几家公司已经通过人们负担得起的产品将自动化带到人们的日常生活中，因此，它们的共同点是都在智能科技方面取得了进步。故选C。考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“Thiskindofsystemallowspeopletotakecareofthemselves,importantthing,‘Abilia'svicepresident,OysteinJohnsen,toldtheBBC．可，的系统可以让使用者照顾自己。故选A考查推理判断。最后一段中波尔森说的话承接该段第一句提出的问"So,forthosehavealready'gonesmart',williteverpossibletogobacktothingsthe

－fashionedway？。认为如果没有了智能技术，人们很难再用老的方式做事情，如我们去朋友家或外出度假时，我们会希望房子能够做一些本该我们做的事情。由此可推测，波尔森对智能技术持支持态度。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。2．阅读理解Anxietyhasnowsurpasseddepressionasthemostmentalhealthdiseasecollegestudents,thoughdepression,too,isontherise.Morethanhalfstudentsvisitingcampusclinicsciteanxietyasahealthconcern,accordingtoarecentstudyofmorethanstudentsnationwidetheCenterforCollegiateMentalHealthatPennState.Nearlyoneincollegestudentshasbeendiagnosedwithortreatedforanxietywithinthelastmonths,accordingtheannualnationalsurveybyCollegeHealthAssociation.Thecausesrangewidely,expertssay,frommountingacademicpressureatearlieragestooverprotectiveparentsengagementwithsocialmedia.Anxietyhasalwaysplayedarolethedevelopmentofastudent'slife,butnowmorestudentsexperienceanxietysoacutethatareseekingprofessionalhelp.Likemanycollegeclinics,theCenterforCounselingandPsychologicalServicestheUniversityofCentralFlorida(UCF)—oneofthecountry'slargestandfastest-growinguniversities,hasseensharpincreasesinthenumberofclients:percentoverlastyearalone.Anxietyhascharacteristicofthecurrentgenerationofcollegestudents,saidDanJones,thedirectorofCounselingPsychologicalServicesatAppalachianStateUniversityBoone,Becauseincreasinglypressuresduringhighschool,heandotherexpertsstudentsarriveatcollegepreloadedwithstress.Accustomedtoextremeparentaloversight,manyseemunabletogovernthemselves.Andwithparentssoaccessible,studentshavehadlessincentivetodevelopcan'ttoleratediscomfortorhavingstruggle,Jonessaid.often,anxietyisandtemporary,theindicationstudentunderthecontrolofanormaldevelopmentalissue-learningtimemanagement,example,orhandlerejectionfromsorority.anxietyisoftentreatableearly,modestinterventions.tocareforrisingnumbersofseverelytroubledstudents,manycounselingcentershavetotriageprotocols(分措).Thatmeansthatstudentswithurgentwaitseveralforfirstappointments.Likemanycollegecounselingcenters,UCFhasdesignedavarietyofdailyworkshopsandtherapygroupsthatimplicitlyandexplicitlyaddressanxiety,depressionandtheirtriggers.centertestanewfortreatinganxietywithaseven-modulecognitivebehavioralprogram,accessiblethroughastudent'sphoneandwithbriefvideoconferenceswithatherapist.Italsoofferssemester-long,weeklytherapygroups,as“KeepingandinControl“MindfulnessforDepression”and“BuildingSocialConfidence-forstudentsstrugglingsocialanxiety.（）offollowingcontributestoanxietyaccordingtothetext?A.Protectionteachers.B.Anappstudents'phones.Increasinglylearningpressure.Managementoftimelearning.（）theunderlinedword“incentive”Paragraph3probablymean?A.Prevention.B.Motivation.C.Acquisition.Direction.（）thepurposethosetherapygroupsmentionedinthelastparagraph?Tohelpstudentssufferinganxiety.Totestwhatsocialanxietyis.TointroducecognitivebehavioralprogramofUCF.Toemphasizeandconfidence.（）offollowingbebestforthetext?TipsondealingwithanxietyCausesofanxietydepressionDifferentmentaldiseasesthreatencollegestudentsCollegementalhealthcentersoverburdenedanxiousstudents【答案】（）BAD【解析】【析】焦虑症已经超越抑郁症成为大学生中最常见的心理健康问题，文章分析焦虑可能产生的原因，以及某些大学为此采取的措施。细节理解题。根据第二段内容Thecausesrangewidely,expertssay,frommountingacademicpressureatearlieragestooverprotectiveparentstoengagementwithsocialmedia（专家称焦虑症的原因多种多样，从早年积累下来的学业压力、家长的过度保护到对社交媒体的强迫性依赖）可知项（增加的学习压力）会导致焦虑，故选C。词义猜测题。根据上句内容Accustomedtoextremeparentaloversight,seemunabletothemselves.（多学生都习惯于父母无微不至的监督，几乎没有自制能力。）故这里递进的句子withparentssoaccessible,studentshavehadlessincentivetodeveloplife（由于家长总在身边，学生们普遍缺乏学习独立生活技能的________。，项动”最符合语境，故划线单词意思“动力，选。细节理解题。根据本段表述的内容：像许多大学的心理咨询中心一样，也置了多种日常研讨会和治疗小组，以直接或间接的方式解决焦虑、抑郁问题及其触发源。明年秋天，该中心将对一种新的拥有七个模块的认知行为疗法应用程序进行测试，学生可以通过手机获取该应用，并可与治疗师进行简短的视频谈话。故这些治疗小组的目的时为了帮助那些患焦虑症的学生。故选A。主旨大意题。通读全文可看出，文章介绍了焦虑症已经成为美国大学生中最常见心理问题，大学的心理咨询中心已经超负荷，故选D作标题最合适。3．阅读理解Imagineacatthatdoesnotsomeonecleanupafteritanoldercompanyandhelpsthemtotaketheirmedicine.ThatistheshareddreamofthetoymakerHasbroandscientistsatBrownUniversityProvidence,RhodeIsland.Theresearchersreceived$3-million-dollartheNationalScienceFoundationspecialproject.Theywantfindaddartificialintelligence,orHasbro's“JoyforAll”roboticThecatalreadyforsalefortwoyears.Thoughpriced1000dollars,itsoldquitewell.Itmeanttoactas“companionforolderpeople.theprojectaimeddevelopingadditionalabilitiesforthecat.ResearchersatBrown'sHumanity-CenteredRoboticsInitiativeworkingtodecidewhichactivitiesolderadultsmayneedmost.Theyhopetothecatperformasmallofactivitieswell.Suchactivitiesincludefindinglostobjectsremindingthetotakemedicineortheirdoctor.Theyalsowanttothecostdownjustafewhundreddollars.isideathatappealedtoJeanneElliott.Her93-year-oldmotherDerrliveswithherSouthKingstown.Derrhas(痴呆.TheJoyforAllcatthatElliottboughtthisyearhasatruecompanionforDerr.catstayswithherwhileElliottisatwork.Elliottsaidroboticcatthathelpstotakehermedicineandbecarefulwhenwalksbegreater.Theresearchersaretryingtolearnhowtheimprovedcatswillcompletehelpfulactivitiesandhowtheycommunicate.saythattheydoatalkingcat,however.Insteadtheyaretryingdesigncatthatcanmoveheadinaspecialwaytosuccessfullycommunicateitsmessage.Intheend,theyhopetocreateanbetweenthethecatthehumanfeelsthecatneedsthem.Bydoingso,theresearchershopetheycanevenhelppreventfeelingsoflonelinessandsadnesselderlypeople.（）thepurposetheproject?A.relievethepainofelderly.B.Topromotesalesofamedicine.Toinventaroboticcattheelderly.D.Tohelpmaketheroboticcatsmarter.（）withthemodel,newroboticcatwillA.smallercheaperC.talkativeexpensive（）Paragraph3intendtellus?A.Thecatgivesmuchhelptotheelderly.Themorefunctionsofcat,thebetter.Thereisnocurefordementiaatpresent.D.Derrdiedwithoutthecat.（）weinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Atalkingcatisquitepopulartheelderly.B.Feelingssadnessamongtheelderlyareunavoidable.Eachfamilycanaffordsuchcatinthefuture.D.Thefeelingofbeingisvitaltotheelderly.【答案】（）BAD【解析】【析】本文是说明文，主要介绍新型的人工智能机器猫。机器猫会给老年人更多的帮助，同时机器猫也离不开他们。被需要的感觉是至关重要的。他们甚至可以帮助防止老年人的孤独和悲伤情绪。目的意图题。根据第一段第一句Imagineacatthatdoesnotneedsomeonetocleanupafteranoldercompanyhelpthemtaketheirmedicine.项目的目地是帮助机器猫更聪明。故答案选D推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句Theyalsowanttokeepthecosttojustafewhundred可，与旧模型相比新的机器猫更便宜。故答案选。段落大意题。根据第三段最后一句Elliottsaidaroboticcatthathelpshermothertotakemedicineandbecarefulwhenshewouldbegreater.可，机器猫会给老年人更多的帮助。故答案选。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句Inthehopetocreateanexchangebetweenthehumanthecatinwhichhumanfeelsthecatthem.Byso,theresearchershopetheycanevenhelppreventfeelingsoflonelinesssadnessamongelderly可知，被需要的感觉是至关重要的。故答案选D。【点评】推论性考察题一般包括事实推断、指代推断、逻辑推断和对作者意图与观点的推断。常见的提问方式有：①Thewriterbelieves＿＿＿＿.②Fromthispassagewecanguess＿＿＿＿③Thewritesuggeststhat＿＿＿＿。除了一般事实题可直接从文中找出答案外，其他诸如对条件变化、因果关系以及作者意图等较为深层的逻辑推断题，则必须要建立在对全文的理解基础上，通过文章所提供的线索，加以综合分析，才能做出正确的推断。4．阅读理解Parentsthinkthey'reabouttheystoremedicines,theirkidsaresmarter.Nearly60,000childrentohospitalyearaftergettingintomedicinesnotforthem,accordingtoanewreportSafeKidsWorldwide.Thereportfindsconnectionbetweenwhatparentsknowaboutstoringmedicinessafelyandwhattheyactuallydo.Nineout10parentsthatmedicinesshouldbestoredupawayofreachandsight,but7out10ofthemnotdoingthat.leavemedicinesoutonkitchencounters,sinkssofas,believingbabiesandtoddlers(学步者aren'tenoughorstrongtothem.Unfortunately,theyprobablycan.Childrenasamonthhaveendedupinanemergencydepartmentbecausethey'dbeenpoisonedbygettingintoamedicinethatwasleftwithinreach.Mostpoisoningsrelatedmedicines---particularlyamongbabiestoddlers---occurwithintheirhome.Kidsdeveloprapidlyandtheywanttoexploretheirenvironment.Atcertainagestheyhavealotofhand-to-mouthactivity,andsoveryforthemtoexploretheirenvironmentandthentastewhattheyfind.ThenewKidsworldwidereportincludesasurvey2,000parentschildrentheofchildrenvisitinganemergencydepartmentforaccidentalpoisoningsdeclinedsincethe2010maximum,thedeclinehasslowedrecentyears.Prescriptionandover-the-countermedicinescauseseverepoisonings,butvitaminsandsupplements(补充品)alsocauseproblems.Therearestepsfamiliescanlowertheriskforanaccidentalmedicinepoisoning.（）childrenpoisonedaccordingtothetext?SomethemedicinesathometasteThereissomethingpoisonousmedicines.Kidseasyaccessmedicinesathome..Kidscurioustoexploretheenvironment（）welearnfromtext?Vitaminsandsupplementscangoodtokids.Theteamasurveyof2,000kidsunderage6.600parentssurveyedcouldkeepmedicinesproperly.Kidsusuallyatstoringmedicinesathome.（）couldbebestfortext?Parents'CasualBehaviorLeadstoKidsPoisonedTheNumberofKidsPoisonedHasDeclinedLatelyNearly60,000ChildrenArePoisonedbyMedicinesKidsAreFacingRiskofBeingPoisoned【答案】（）（）（）【解析】【析】本文是是一篇说明文，介绍了由于父母存放药品不当导致孩子药物中毒的调查结果。考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Atcertainagestheyhavealotofhand-to-mouthactivity,andsoveryforthemtoexploretheirenvironmentandthentrytotastewhattheyfind.在一定的年龄他有很多的手和嘴活所他们很容易去探索他们的环,然后尝试品尝他们发现的东西在家,他很容易碰到药品，故选。考查细节理解。根据第一段中的Parentsthinkthey'resmartaboutwheretheystoremedicines,buttheirkidsaresmarter.父可能会认为他们很聪，他们在哪里储存药品，但他们的孩子更聪明。故选D。考查主旨大意。根据倒数第段的“Mostpoisoningsrelatedtomedicines---particularlyamongbabiesandtoddlers---occurwithintheirhome.很中毒事件是发生在家中的，再根据文章大意，故选。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解Latelyapopulareight-floorbookstoreinHefei,Anhuiprovince,hasrisentofamebecauseittheworld'sfirstsharedbookstore,inamoveencouragemorereadingamongCestopeople'sattentionasmorethanvisitorsfloodedthestoreitsfirstdayasasharedbookstoreJuly16thisyear,arecordhighsincewasreopenedtothepublicin2013.Some4,000bookswerebroughthomeonfirstday,Treported.Customersareallowedtoborrowuptotwobooksvaluedunder150yuanpervisitafterregisteringanapppaying99yuandeposit（金.Allbooksonsaleinthebookstoreavailableforsharing.Returnedbooksthataresoldatadiscount.Thebookstorealsoprovidesabonusforbookworms.Peoplefinishreading12booksinthreemonthsreceiveeightpercenttheirdepositback,andcanbeoneyuanforeveryread.tobringcostofreadingsopeoplecouldreadbooks,"XuXinwei,whohelpsrunthebookstore,toldT.Someparentsbuyalotofbooksfortheirchildren,butusuallyendupcollectingdustastheirchildrengrowup.Similarly,somepopularnovelsforyoungpeoplealsooutfashion,accordingXu."Booksmoreeffectivelycirculatedwhenthey'reshared."（）bookstoresharedone.A.makemoremoneytomakemoreroomfortoinspiremorepeopletoreadD.to（）theunderlinedphrase“risentofameinParagraphprobablyA.Becomewell-known.Settleddown.C.up.D.Takenover.（）weinferfromthepassage?A.ThebookstorewasoncethebestinAnhuiprovince.B.booksthatsoldcan'tbeborrowed.MoreweretakenonJuly2013.D.Thecostofreadingbereducedsharingbooks.（）thebookstoredotoattractmorereaders?A.Thebookstoreencouragesparentstobuymorebooksfortheirchildren.Thereadersareallowedborrowtheunconditionally.Thereaderswhoarecanreceiveoneyuanforeverybookread.D.Thebookstoreisconsideringofferingabonusforanyonewholikesreading.【答案】（）ADC【解析】【析】本文是一篇新闻报道，最近，安徽省合肥一家受欢迎的八楼书店，由于成为世界上第一家共享书店，因此鼓励更多中国公民读书。本文以此展开，主要讲述了共享书店的运营模式。考查细节理解。根据第一段中“inmeanttoencouragemorereadingamongChinesecitizens.可知这个书店成为一家共享书店为了让多的公民阅读。故选C。考查词义猜测。根据第一段中一，以及提到这家书店成为世界上第一家共享书店，可见这家书店应“名大。tofame译为“名声大振。选A.考查推理判断。根据第五段中“"Wewantbringdowncostofreadingsopeoplecouldreadmorebooks,可知，共享图书可以降低阅读成本，这样人们可以更多的阅读。故选。考查细节理解。根据第四段中“andmemberscanberewardedoneyuanforeverybookread.可，所有阅读者都可以得到每本书一元钱的奖励。故选。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyit.Sodohumans.seeanorapieceofchocolateyouknowthatthesethingsyoucaneat.YoucanalsoothersensesyouchooseyourYoumayitbecauseitsmellsorbecausetastesdislikesometypesoffoodbecausetheynotlook,smellortasteverynice.Differentanimalsusedifferentsensestofindandchoosetheirfewanimalsonlyoneoftheirsenses,whilemostanimalsusethanonesense.Althoughtherearemanydifferenttypesoffood,someanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonlyonetype.giantpandaonlyparticulartypeofbamboo.animalseatonetypeevengivenchoice.Alandofbutterflywillstayonleavesofacabbage,eventhoughthereplentyofothervegetablesthegarden.mostanimalshaveamorevarieddiet.beareatsandfish.Thefoxeatssmallanimals,birdsandfruits.Thedietoftheseanimalswilldifferentdependingonseason.Humansavarieddiet.oftenfoodbecauseweitandnotbecauseitisgoodforus.countriessuchasFranceBritain,peopleeatfoodswithmuchsugar.Thisoverweight,whichbadfortheirhealth.Eatingtoomuchredmeatandanimalproducts,suchasbutter,canalsoforhealthChoosingtherightfood,therefore,hasbecomeanareastudy（）canthetextthathumansanimals.A.dependononesenseinchoosingfoodB.arenotsatisfiedwiththeirfoodchoosefoodinsimilarwaysD.eatentirelydifferentfood（）offollowingonlyoneoffood?A.ThewhitebutterflyThesmallbird.C.Thebear.D.Thefox.（）animalschangetheirchoiceoffoodwhen.A.theseasonchangesthecolortheymovedifferentplacesD.theyattracteddifferentsmells（）canlearnfromthelastparagraph.A.foodischosenforagoodreasonB.FrenchandBritishfoodispeoplehavefewchoicesoffoodD.somepeoplecarelittleabouthealthydiet（）offollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.AnimalsoftensensestotheirB.MostanimalshavevariedAllanimalsspendtheirliveseatingtypeofD.Thedietofbirdsfoxbethesamedependingontheseason.【答案】（）AADB【解析】【析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了动物和人选择食物的方法以及一些动物选择食物的偏向性。（）查推理断。根据第一段中“animalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyit.Sodohumans.可动物和人类在选择食物的候，使用的方法可能是相似的，故选C。（）查细节解。根据第二段中“landofwhitebutterflywillstaytheleavesofcabbage,eventhoughthereplentyofothervegetablesthegarden.可知，白蝴蝶只吃一种食物。故选A考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Thedietoftheseanimalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.可，有些动物的饮食会着季节的变化而发生改变。故选。考查推理判断。根据最后一段中“Thismakesthemoverweight,whichisfortheirhealthEatingmuchmeatandanimalproducts,suchasbutter,canforhealthChoosingtherightfood,therefore,hasanareastudy知，吃太多的糖会让人超重，对身体健康不好，选择适当的食物在现代生活中已经成为一个研究领域。因此推断有些人不在乎健康的饮食。故选D。（）查细节解。根据第二段中“However,mostanimalshavemorevarieddiet.可知，大多少动物饮食多样化。故选。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解IvisitedCopenhagenforthefirsttimelastEaster.As，alwaysstrappedfor，soIassumedIcouldonlyaffordtobreathetheairbutluckilyeverythingaboutCopenhagenisbreathtaking.IwasstayinginanAirbnb,rentedabikesocouldcovermoreground.offirstplacesvisitedwastheRundetaarn,or“roundtowerbuiltinthe17thcenturyasanastronomicalobservatory.Ithasanequestrianstaircasesetofstairsbigenoughforhorsestouse)thatwentandon.Aswasgoingup,Istoppedtothetower'slibrarythetop,there'saglassplatformthatgivesaview80-footstraightdown,aswellabellloft.Luckily,theoverCopenhagenfromthewellworththeclimb.Afterdown,hikeduptotheKastelletFortresstoseethefamousLittlestatue.Takingaphotowithherwasalmostimpossiblewiththetouristscrowding—butsittingtherehearinglappingofthedeepblueBalticSea,waitingforthesuntoset,wasanunforgettableandcalmingexperience.Thenextday,IvisitedGlyptotekartmuseum,exploringtheexhibits.IlookedintomarbleeyesofmanyRoman，dimlylitstaircasestomummiesEgypt.BeforeIunwillinglythetrainbacktoairport,ItoldmyselfthatImustvisitagain—toexperiencethrillsofTivoliGardens,moreofthestreetfoodandeverythingelsefromthiscity.（）theauthorrentabike?A.Becauseshelovedtorideabike.Becausedidn'trentacar.Becausefoundnowheretorentothervehicles.Becausesheseeattractionsaspossible.（）didauthorfinddifficultatKastelletFortress?A.FindingasittingplaceB.WaitingfortosetListeningtothesoundofwavesD.Havingphototakenwithstatue.（）offollowingdidn'tauthorvisit?A.RundetaarnB.TivoliGardensC.GlyptotekartmuseumD.LittleMermaidStatue（）isauthor'spurposewritingtext?A.holidayintroduceaattractionTosharetravelexperienceD.ToshowherofCopenhagen【答案】（）DBC【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记文，讲述了作者去哥本哈根的穷游经历。(1)考细节理解。根据第二段中“IwasstayinginanAirbnb,andrentedabikesoIcouldcoverground.知作者租一辆自行车是因为她想要看尽可能多的旅游胜地，故选。(2)考细节理解。根据第三段中“Takingawithherwasalmostimpossiblealltouristscrowdingaround”可在KastelletFortress，者发现最困难的事情是和雕塑拍照，故选D。考查细节理解。根据第二段中“ofthefirstplacesvisitedwastheRundetaarn,”排A；根据第四段中“Thenextday,IvisitedtheGlyptotekartmuseum,exploringthegrandexhibits.排；据第三段中的Aftercomingdown,IhikeduptotheKastelletFortresstoseefamousLittleMermaidstatue.除D，故选。考查写作意图。这篇文章主要介绍了作者去哥本哈根的穷游经历，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是分享自己的旅游经历，故选。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和写作意图两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生准确捕捉细节信息的同时，需进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读理解RecentsummertemperaturesinpartsofAustraliahighenoughmeltasphalt.Asglobalwarmingspeedstheheatclimaticeventsincrease,manyplantsmaybeunablecope.Butleastonespecieseucalyptusresistextremeheatbycontinuing”whenotheressentialprocessesstop,astudyfinds.Asplantschangesunlightintofood,orphotosynthesize(光作,theyabsorbcarbondioxidethroughporesontheirleaves.Theseporesalsoreleasewaterviatranspiration(蒸)whichcirculatesnutrientsthroughtheplantandhelpscoolby蒸发.Butexceptionallyhightemperaturesaretogreatlyreducephotosynthesis—andmostexistingplantmodelssuggestthisshouldalsodecreasetranspiration,leavingtreesindangeroffatallyoverheating.Becausedifficultforscientiststocontrolandvarytrees'conditionsintheirnaturalenvironment,littleknownaboutindividualspecieshandlethissituation.EcologistJohnDrakeoftheCollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandForestryandhiscolleaguesgrewadozenParramattared(Eucalyptusparramattensis)treesinlarge,climate-controlledplasticpodsthatseparatedthetreesfromthesurroundingforestforayearinRichmond,Australia.SixofthetreesgrownatsurroundingairtemperaturesandsixattemperaturesthreedegreesCelsiushigher.Theresearcherswithheld(扣留fromthesurfacesoilofall12treesformonthtoimitateamilddryspell,inducedafour-day“extremeheatwave:Theyraisedthemaximumtemperatureshalfof（withsurroundingtemperaturesandthreeofthe）—todegrees℃Photosynthesisgroundtoanearhaltinthetreesfacingtheartificialheatwave.Buttotheresearchers'surprise,thesetreescontinuedtotranspireatclose-to-normallevels,effectivelycoolingthemselvestheirsurroundings.Thetreesconditionscopedjustwellastheothers,photosynthesisratesbouncedbacktonormalafterheatwavepassed,DrakeandhiscolleaguesreportedonlineGlobalChangeBiology.TheresearchersthinkParramattaredwereableeffectivelysweat—withoutphotosynthesisbecausetheyparticularlygoodattappingintowaterinthesoil.Butifaheatseveredrought干)weretoatsametimeandthegroundwaterwasexhausted,treesmaynotbelucky,Drakesays.Otherscientistsfindingencouraging.“It'sdefinitelygoodnews,”saysTrevoranecologistatLawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratory,whowasnotpartofthestudy.“Itbeveryinterestingtoknowhowthistranslatesotherspecies,”adds.hopestoconductsimilarexperimentswithtreescommoninAmerica.（）doesonespeciesofeucalyptuscopewithheatwaves?A.Byreleasingwater.B.Byblockingsunlight.absorbinggroundwater.reducingphotosynthesis.（）didresearchersdoduringtheirstudy?A.Theythetreesinartificialtemperatures.B.inducedawaveadozenpodsoftrees.Theycreatedclimate-controlledsurroundingsfortrees.D.Theyvariedtrees'conditionstheirnaturalenvironment.（）underlinedphrase“groundtoanear”inParagraph4means“________A.continuedB.substitutedC.strengthenedD.ceased（）beinferredtheparagraphs?A.Photosynthesisnecessaryforthetreessweat.B.Nofurtherexperimentsbedoneotherspecies.OtherspecieswillbetransplantedtoNorthAmerica.Groundwaterhelpsthetreessurvivetheextremeheat.【答案】（）CDD【解析】【分】本文是一篇说文，联合国环境科学与林业学院的生态学家JohnDrake和他的同事们通过对红桉树做实验，得出结论：在极度的高温中，红桉树仍然可以通过释放水分来抵抗热浪，获得生存。考查细节理解。根据第一段中的Butatleastonespeciesofeucalyptustreecanresistextremeheatbycontinuingto'sweat可，桉树通过汗”，释放水分来抵抗极度的热，故选A。考查细节理解。根据第三段中“EcologistJohnDrakeandhiscolleaguesdozenParramattared…treesinlarge,plasticpodsthatseparatedthetreesfromthesurroundingforestforayearinRichmond,Australia.”可，研究者们将12棵红桉树种植在巨大的，气候受控制的塑料舱里，这种塑料仓将这些树和周围的森林分离开来。可知，研究者们为这些树创造了一个气候受控制的生长环境，故选。考查词义猜测。根据第二段中“Butexceptionallyhightemperaturesknowngreatlyreducephotosynthesis可，极度的高温会减少光合作用。由第四段后面的内容可知，令研究者们惊讶的是，面对着人工制造出来的热浪，这些树继续以接近正常的水平蒸发，有效地使自己和周围的环境凉爽下来。结合这两点可以推知，面对人工制造出来的热浪，光合作用应该是大大减少，但这并没有影响树木的蒸发。划线部分意思应当接近于“大大减少，降低这类的意思cease意“停止，选。考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中“researchersthinkParramattaredabletoeffectively—evenwithoutphotosynthesis—becausetheyparticularlygoodtappingintowaterinthesoil.Butifaheatwaveandaseveredrought（干旱）weretohitatthesametimethewasexhausted,thetreesmaynotbesolucky,Drakesays.”可知，这些树擅长吸取地下水，如果热浪干旱同时发生，地下水枯竭的话，那么这些树生存的可能性就比较小了。由此可以推知，地下水帮助这些树存活下来。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。9．阅读理解wellknownforbeingameltingpotofdifferentethnicgroupsandcultures,butnowhereisthisdiversitymorepronouncedthanQueens,NewYork.Here,second-generationPuertoRicanslivealongsidethird-generationGreeksandfirst-generationKoreans,allunitedbyafeelingofpridetheirAmericanidentity.theyalsoproudandcuriousabouttheirancestralroots.NationalGeographic'sGenographicProject,alsoknownastheFamilyTree,erest