（通用版）2023版高三英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit2Language（A卷）课后分层集训牛津译林版必修3

PAGEPAGE2课后分层集训Unit2Language(A卷)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2022·成都高三二诊)FacebookchiefoperatingofficerSherylSandbergandAnnaMariaChavez，chiefofGirlScoutsoftheUSA，areleadingacampaigntodiscouragetheuseoftheword“bossy〞．Doesthetermdestroytheconfidenceofyounggirls?Thecampaignclaimsthattermslike“bossy〞areimproperlyappliedtofemales，preventingschoolgirlsfromseeingthemselvesasfuture“leaders〞．Fromitsfirstapplication，thewordhasbeendefinitelyconnectedmorewithwomenthanwithmen.Itfirstappearedin1882，accordingtotheOxfordEnglishDictionary，mentioning“aladymanagerwhowasextremelybossy〞．Aslateras2022，thewordappearedinreferencetofemalesfourtimesmoreoftenthanmales，claimtheBanBossycampaigners.“Tomen，thereferenceisalwaysinassociationwithwomen，〞saysHelenTrim，directorofFreshMinds.“Ihavethreebrothersandmyfamilystillcallme‘bossy’today.〞Herfatheristheonlyotherfamilymemberwhocouldbeconsideredinthatway，saysTrim，butnobodywouldevercallhimso.Someeducatorsrecommendthatthewordshouldbereclaimed，ratherthanbanned.“Butthethingwith‘bossy’isthatthere'saninfantile(幼稚的)elementtoit，〞saysSaraMills，professoratSheffieldUniversity.“Youthinkof‘bossy’asbeinglikealittlekidwho'sclaimingmorethanhehastherighttoclaim.〞It'snotjust“bossy〞under_fire．“Pushy〞isanothertarget.Theimplicationisthatwomenshouldn'tpresentthemselvesaspowerfulandconfident，Millssuggests，whichsomewomenarewillingtolistentoandaccept.Trimpointsoutthatmanymodernfemalebusinessrolemodelsareabletobebosseswithoutbeinglabeled“bossy〞．Andsherarely，ifever，hearsthewordusedwithinhercompany.Butshesaysthatthedamagemaybedonemuchearlierinawoman'slife.“Itdoescomeaboutfromthoseearlyteenageyears，〞shesays.“Ithinkit'simpossibletobanaword，butifpeoplearereplacingitwithwordslike‘confidence’or‘assertiveness’，wewouldallbeinamuchbetterplace.〞【语篇解读】本文讲述了Facebook的首席运营官谢丽尔·桑德伯格和美国女童子军首席执行长安娜·玛利亚·查韦斯二人最新发起的BanBossy运动不鼓励使用“专横〞这个词描述女性，旨在鼓励培养女性的领导力。1．Moreevidenceisprovidedtoshow“bossy〞ismoreappliedtofemalesby________．A．theOxfordEnglishDictionaryB．theBanBossycampaignersC．HelenTrimatFreshMindsD．someexpertsineducationB[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Aslateras2022，thewordappeared...claimtheBanBossycampaigners〞可知，选B。]2．Trim'sfamilystillconsiderherbossybecause________．A．sheisexpectedtoleadinherfamilyB．sheisthebossofhercompanyC．sheisapowerfulandconfidentfemaleD．herfatherconsidersherthatwayC[推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，“bossy〞这个词主要用来指女性，并以HelenTrim为例进行说明；结合文章最后一段内容可推知，Trim强大并且自信，所以家人才说她专横。应选C。]3．Theunderlinedpart“underfire〞mostprobablymeans“________〞．A．definitelyreplacedB．stronglycriticizedC．improperlyappliedD．eagerlyexpectedB[词义猜想题。根据空后的“‘Pushy’isanothertarget〞并结合上文中的BanBossy运动不鼓励使用“bossy〞这个词描述女性可知，画线词意为“遭受强烈批评〞。应选B。]4．Howdoestheauthorsoundwhenreferringtothecampaignagainst“bossy〞？A．Objective. B．Angry.C．Doubtful. D．Optimistic.A[推理判断题。本文只是在表达Facebook的首席运营官谢丽尔·桑德伯格和美国女童子军首席执行长安娜·玛利亚·查韦斯二人最新发起的BanBossy运动，并未陈述作者个人的观点，故作者的态度是“客观的(objective)〞。应选A。]B(2022·湖北沙市中学高三上学期考试)Supposeyoubecomealeaderinanorganization.It'sverylikelythatyou'llwanttohavevolunteerstohelpwiththeorganization'sactivities.Todoso，itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.Let'sbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolved.Forexample，peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness，toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences，andtostrengthensocialrelationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds，peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.Toselectvolunteers，youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationsofthepeopleyouwishtoattract.Peoplealsovolunteerbecausetheyarerequiredtodoso.Toincreaselevelsofcommunityservice，someschoolshavelaunchedcompulsoryvolunteerprograms.Unfortunately，theseprogramscanshiftpeople'swishofparticipationfromaninternalfactor(e.g.，“Ivolunteerbecauseit'simportanttome〞)toanexternalfactor(e．g.，“IvolunteerbecauseI'mrequiredtodoso〞)．Whenthathappens，peoplebecomelesslikelytovolunteerinthefuture.Peoplemustbesensitivetothispossibilitywhentheymakevolunteeractivitiesamust.Oncepeoplebegintovolunteer，whatleadsthemtoremainintheirpositionsovertime?Toanswerthisquestion，researchershaveconductedfollow­upstudiesinwhichtheytrackvolunteersovertime.Forinstance，onestudyfollowed238volunteersinFloridaoverayear.Oneofthemostimportantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionasvolunteerswastheamountofsufferingtheyexperiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.Althoughthisresultmaynotsurpriseyou，itleadstoimportantpracticaladvice.Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegivento“trainingmethodsthatwouldpreparevolunteersfortroublesomesituationsorprovidethemwithstrategiesforcopingwiththeproblemtheydoexperience〞．Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedonindividualdifferencesinthedegreetowhichpeopleview“volunteer〞asanimportantsocialrole.Itwasassumedthatthosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.Participantsindicatedthedegreetowhichthesocialrolematteredbyrespondingtostatementssuchas“VolunteeringinHospitalisanimportantpartofwhoIam.〞Consistentwiththeresearchers'expectations，theyfoundapositivecorrelation(正相关)betweenthestrengthofroleidentityandthelengthoftimepeoplecontinuedtovolunteer.Theseresults，onceagain，leadtoconcreteadvice:“Onceanindividualbeginsvolunteering，continuedeffortsmightfocusondevelopingavolunteerroleidentity...ItemslikeT­shirtsthatallowvolunteerstoberecognizedpubliclyfortheircontributionscanhelpstrengthenroleidentity〞．【语篇解读】本篇讲述志愿者为什么自发去效劳社会，并通过3个实验研究志愿者的意图。5．Peoplevolunteermainlyoutof________．A．academicrequirementsB．socialexpectationsC．financialrewardsD．internalneedsD[细节理解题。结合第二段第三句是“...peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness，toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences，andtostrengthensocialrelationships.〞可知，人们做志愿工作主要是出于表达无私的个人价值观、拓展自身的经验、加强社会关系等内在需求。故正确答案为D。]6．WhatcanwelearnfromtheFloridastudy?A．Follow­upstudiesshouldlastforoneyear.B．Volunteersshouldgetmentallyprepared.C．Strategytrainingisamustinresearch.D．Volunteersareprovidedwithconcreteadvice.B[推理判断题。结合第四段最后一句可知，这一研究告诉人们要注意让志愿者为棘手情况作准备，要给他们提供给对问题的策略，即让志愿者有精神准备去应对棘手情况和问题等。故正确答案为B。]7．Whatismostlikelytomotivatevolunteerstocontinuetheirwork?A．Individualdifferencesinroleidentity.B．PubliclyidentifiablevolunteerT­shirts.C．Roleidentityasavolunteer.D．Practicaladvicefromresearchers.C[细节理解题。结合最后一段第二句“Itwasassumedthatthosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.〞可知，鼓励志愿者不断参与志愿者工作的是作为一名志愿者的角色认同。故正确答案为C。]8．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．HowtoGetPeopletoVolunteerB．HowtoStudyVolunteerBehaviorsC．HowtoKeepVolunteers'InterestD．HowtoOrganizeVolunteerActivitiesA[主旨大意题。结合文章第一段可知，文章是为想找志愿者的组织领导者提供意见的，并从两个方面展开，说明想让人们去做志愿者首先要了解人们做志愿者的动机，还要知道人们是依靠什么维持对志愿工作的兴趣。由此可知，本文通篇围绕着如何让人们去做志愿者这一话题。故正确答案为A。]【导学号：92872223】Ⅱ.完形填空(2022·西安检测)Iwasinarushasalways，butthistimeitwasforanimportantdate(约会)．Ifound__1__atacheckoutcounterbehindanelderlywomanseeminglyinnohurryasshe__2__hergroceries.APhDstudentwithoutalotofmoney，Ihadhurriedintothestoretopickupsome__3__．Iwasinahugerush，thinkingofmyupcomingevening.Ididnotwanttobe__4__forthisdate.WewereinBoston，aplacenotalwaysknownforsmallconversationsbetween__5__．However，thewomanstoppedunloadingherbasketandlookedupatme.She__6__．Itwasanicesmile—warmandreassuring—andI__7__hergiftbysmilingback.“Mustbeaspeciallady__8__itisthatwillbegiventhosebeautifulflowers，〞shesaid.“Yes，she'sspecial，〞Isaid，andthentomyembarrassment，the__9__keptcomingout.“It'sonlyourseconddate，butsomehowIamjusthavingthefeelingshe's‘theone’．〞__10__，Iadded，“TheonlyproblemisthatIcan'tfigureout__11__she'dwanttodateaguylikeme.〞“Well，Ithinkshe'svery__12__tohaveaboyfriendwhobringshersuchlovelyflowersandwhoisobviouslyinlovewithher，〞thewomansaid.“Myhusbandusedtobringmeflowerseveryweek—evenwhentimeswere__13__andwedidn'thavemuchmoney.Thosewereextremelygooddays；hewasveryromanticand，ofcourse，I__14__himsincehepassedaway.〞Ipaidformyflowersasshewas__15__uphergroceries.Therewasno__16__inmymindasIwalkeduptoher.Itouchedherontheshoulderandsaid“Youwereright，youknow.Theseflowersareindeedforaveryspeciallady.〞I__17__hertheflowersandthankedherforsuchaniceconversation.IttookheramomenttorealizethatIwasgivinghertheflowersIhadjustpurchased.“Youhavea__18__evening，〞Isaid.Ileftherwithabigsmileandmyheart__19__asIsawhersmellingthebeautifulflowers.Irememberbeingslightlylateformydatethatnightandtellingmygirlfriendtheabovestory.Acoupleofyearslater，whenIfinallyworkedupthe__20__toaskhertomarryme，shetoldmethatthisstoryhadhelpedhertobedetermined—thatwasthenightthatIwonherheart.【语篇解读】本文讲述了作者在约会之前在商店买花时遇到一位老妇人，最后把所买的花送给她的故事。1．A.me B．myselfC．her D．herselfB[findoneself意为“发现某人自己(处于某状态)〞。在结账的时候，“我〞发现自己的前面站了一位老妇人。]2．A.askedfor B．sentforC．lookedfor D．paidforD[根据上文的“checkoutcounter〞可知，老妇人在付款。]3．A.food B．drinksC．flowers D．plantsC[根据8空后的“itisthatwillbegiventhosebeautifulflowers〞可知，“我〞匆忙进商店是为了买花。]4．A.late B．earlyC．good D．badA[根据前文的“Iwasinahugerush〞可知，“我〞不想约会迟到。]5．A.neighbors B．sellersC．wives D．strangersD[“我〞不认识这位老妇人，而在波士顿，一般陌生人之间也不会交谈。]6．A.smiled B．shoutedC．laughed D．criedA[根据后文中的“Itwasanicesmile〞可知，她对“我〞微笑了。]7．A.received B．returnedC．refused D．forgotB[根据后文中的“bysmilingback〞可知，“我〞也回了她一个微笑。]8．A.whatever B．wheneverC．whichever D．whoeverD[老妇人说“不管是谁，收到花的一定是一位特别的女孩儿〞，whoever表示“无论是谁〞。]9．A.chances B．hopesC．words D．tearsC[根据后文中的内容可知，“我〞说了其他内容。words是指“我〞说的话。]10．A.Jokingly B．SadlyC．Helpfully D．CarefullyA[根据后文的内容“我不知道她为什么会和‘我’谈恋爱〞可推知，“我〞是在开玩笑。]11．A.where B．whenC．that D．whyD[参见上题解析。]12．A.sad B．luckyC．easy D．freeB[老妇人认为“我〞很体贴，有“我〞当男朋友，女孩儿很幸运。]13．A.proper B．richC．tough D．niceC[结合后文中的“wedidn'thavemuchmoney〞可知，此处指在日子艰难的时候老妇人的丈夫也每周都送花给她。]14．A.lose B．hateC．miss D．loveC[老妇人的丈夫去世了，她想念他。]15．A.turning B．givingC．thinking D．gatheringD[轮到“我〞付钱的时候，她已经付完，在收拾东西。gatherup表示“整理〞，符合语境。]16．A.hope B．ideaC．doubt D．problemC[根据后文的内容可知，当“我〞向她走去的时候，毫无疑问“我〞想把花送给她。thereisnodoubt“毫无疑问〞。]17．A.sold B．handedC．bought D．madeB[此处指“我〞把花给了老妇人。hand表示“递，给〞。]18．A.wonderful B．terribleC．strange D．coldA[她过了一阵子才回过神来。“我〞祝她度过一个美好的晚上。]19．A.cooled B．hurtC．recovered D．warmedD[当“我〞看到老妇人在闻这束花时，“我〞心里暖暖的。]20．A.courage B．surpriseC．money D．prideA[几年之后，当“我〞鼓起勇气向女朋友求婚的时候，她告诉“我〞说“我〞的这个故事让她决定和“我〞在一起。]【导学号：92872224】Ⅲ.书面表达(2022·西安高三检测)假设你是学生会主席李越，你校将在下周一接待来自美国某中学的学生访问团。请你写一封邮件给该团的领队Smi