德阳市2023高考英语二轮短文类训练（9） 及答案或解析

第页德阳市2023高考英语二轮短文类训练〔9〕及答案或解析阅读理解Words：335难度系数：★★建议用时：6分钟TheotherdayatlunchIwaspartofawholegroupofcolleaguesandweweretalkingbehindourboss’sback.She’sthenewprincipal(校长)ofourmiddleschool.Wetalkedabouthowkindsheistous.Shewritesnotestowishushappyholidays，ortothankusforjobswelldone.Shechecksonuswhensheknowswe’refacingdifficultiesoutsideofschoolwithourhealthorwithourfamilies.Alltoooften，whenwetalknicebehindsomeone’sback，theyneverknowaboutit！Isentheraquickemailtoreporttheconversation.Sherepliedsayinghowmuchsheappreciatedhearingaboutit.WhenIoverheard(偷听)conversationsabouttheretirementofourprincipal，Ithoughtsheshouldknowhowwefelt.SoImadesureshedid.Cardsandemailsaregreat，butmaybeit’sjustextraheartwarmingtoknowthatkindwordsarebeingsaideven“behindyourback〞．Iliketodothesameformystudents.OfcourseIgivethemmyowncompliments(恭维)，butIlovetoletthemknowwhenotheradultshavenoticedtheirgoodbehaviorandattitudes.Thenit’sabsolutelynecessarytoletthemknowittoo！Itmatterswhenwhattheynoticeisgood.I’veknownfromtheothersidehowmuchthiscanmean.Ioftenlackconfidenceinmyownabilitiesasateacher，soitgavemequitealiftwhenafriendwhoworkswithfamiliesinthecommunitymentionedthathehasheardseveraltimesfromparentshowgladtheyaretohavetheirkidsinmyclass.Itjustfeelsmoreimportantsomehowtohavethewordssaidbypeoplewhodon’tknowI’lleverhearthem.Sure，it’spleasantwhenwecansaynicethingsaboutotherpeople.Watchforyournextopportunitytobethereporter！Makesuretotellthemaboutthenicethingsbeingsaidbehindtheirbacks!1．Whydidthesecolleaguestalkbehindtheirboss’sback?A．Theywereafraidofher.B．Shetreatedthembadly.C．Shewaskindtothem.D．Itwastheirdailypractice.解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章第一段和第二段可知，作者的老板——中学校长对他们太好了，因此，作者和同事们背后讨论她的好处，答案选C。2．Whydidtheauthorreporttheirconversationtoherprincipal?A．Theyweregoodfriends.B．Theprincipalshatedthem.C．Sheguessedherprincipalmightbegladtohearit.D．Shewantedtobepraised.解析：选C。推理判断题。根据文章第三段的内容可推知，作者是揣摩着校长应该是喜欢知道这些谈话的，所以作者把同事们背后说的关于她的好话告诉了她。3．Whatencouragedtheauthortobeagoodteacher?A．Others’nicetalkbehindherback.B．Hergoodknowledgeinteaching.C．Herrichexperienceinteaching.D．Herprincipal’shelp.解析：选A。细节理解题。根据文章第五段的第二句话可知，正是由于有人告诉作者别人在背后说作者是个好老师，才使得作者对教学增强了自信心。故答案选A。4．Inthetext，theauthormainlywantedtoadviseus________.A．toacceptothers’ideasmodestlyB．nottospeakillofothersbehindC．tolistentoothers’talksecretlyD．toreportthenicethingssaidbehindpeople’sbacks解析：选D。主旨大意题。文章第三、四、五段分别举例说明把人们背后说的有关某人的好话告诉这个人，会对他产生积极的作用；文章最后一段又进一步进行了总结，要找时机成为别人背后好话的报告者。*********************************************************结束第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每题1.5分，总分值30分)Itwasawinterinmychildhood,onasnow-coveredhillinoursuburbanneighborhood．MybrotherandIwereonthesled，．himontop，meonthe36Ifelthischin(下巴)onmy37andhisfeetonthebacksofmyknees．Thesledmovedontheicygroundbeneathus。We38speedaswesliddownthehill．“CAR!〞someone39We40itcomingdownthestreettoourleft．Wescreamedand41toslideaway,42therunnersdidnotmove．43pressedthehornand．44thebrakes，andwedidwhatallkidsdo：we45off.46ourhooded(带帽的)warmjacket，we47likelogsdownthecold，wetsnow,thinkingthenextthingtotouchuswouldbethehardrubberof48。Wewereshouting“AHHHHHHHH〞andwewerefilledwith49，turningoverandover,theworldupsidedown，rightsideup，upsidedown．Andthen，50．Westoppedrollingandcaughtour5landwipedthedrippingsnowfromourfaces.Thedrivermineddownthestreet，wagginghisfinger．Wewere52.Oursledhadknockedquietlyintoasnowbark,andourfriendswerejokingwithusnow,saying“Cool〞and“You53havedied.〞Igrinnedatmybrother,andwewereunitedbychildishpride．Thatwasn’tso54，wethought,andwewere55totakeondeathagain．36．A．side B．left C．bottom D．end37．A．cheek B．chest C．arm D．shoulder38．A．lookedup B．pickedup C．madeup D．tookup39。A．whispered B．mentioned C．said D．shouted40，A．saw B．noticed C．observed D．felt41．A．managed B．pretended C．seemed D．tried42．A．and B．while C．but D．if43．A．mpassengersB．Thedriver C．Therunners D．We44．A，caused B．hit C．knocked D．pulled45．A．slid B．got C．jumped D．came46．A．On B．With C．In D．Above47．A．fell B．ran C．felt D．rolled48．A．acartire B．asnowbank C．asolidground D．acarlight49．A．excitement B．anxiety C．disappointment D．fear50．A．everythingB．something C．nothing D．anything51．A．eye B．sled C．breath D．jacket52．A．tired B．surprised C．safe D．confused53．A．should B．must C．could D．will54．A．easy B．exciting C．funny D．hard55．A．unwilling B．ready C．possible D．upset36－40CDBDA41－45DCBBC46—50CDADC51—55CCCDB***********************************************************结束Thewaypeopleholdtothebeliefthatafun-filled,painfreelifeequalshappinessactuallyreducestheirchancesofeverattainingrealhappiness.Iffunandpleasureareequaltohappinessthenpainmustbeequaltounhappiness.Butinfact,theoppositeistrue:moreoftenthannotthingsthatleadtohappinessinvolvesomepain.Asaresult,manypeopleavoidtheveryattemptsthatarethesourceoftruehappiness.Theyfearthepaininevitablybroughtbysuchthingsasmarriage,raisingchildren,professionalachievement,religiouscommitment,self-improvement.Askabachelorwhyheresistsmarriageeventhoughhefindsdatingtobelessandlesssatisfying.lfheishonesthewilltellyouthatheisafraidofmakingacommitment.Forcommitmentisinfactquitepainful.Thesinglelifeisfilledwithfun,adventure,excitement.Marriagehassuchmoments,buttheyarenotitsmostdistinguishingfeatures.Coupleswithinfantchildrenareluckytogetawholenight'ss1eeporthree-dayvacation.Idon’tknowanyparentwhowouldchoosethewordfuntodescriberaisingchildren.Butcoupleswhodecidenottohavechildreneverknowthejoysofwatchingachildgrowuporofplayingwithagrandchild.Understandingandacceptingthattruehappinesshasnothingtodowithfunisoneofthemostliberatingrealizations.Itliberatestime:nowwecandevotemorehourstoactivitiesthatcangenuinelyincreaseourhappiness.Itliberatesmoney:buyingthatnewcarorthosefancyclothesthatwilldonothingtoincreaseourhappinessnowseemspoint1ess.Anditliberatesusfromenvy:wenowunderstandthatallthosewhoarealwayshavingsomuchfunactuallymaynotbehappyatall.46.Accordingtotheauthor,abachelorresistsmarriagechieflybecause.A.heisreluctanttotakeonfamilyresponsibilitiesB.hebelievesthatlifewillbemorecheerfulifheremainssingleC.hefindsmorefunindatingthaninmarriageD.hefearsitwillputanendtoallhisfunadventureandexcitement47.Raisingchildren,intheauthor'sopinion,is.A.amoraldutyB.athanklessjobC.arewardingtaskD.asourceofinevitablepain48.Fromthelastparagraph,welearnthatenvysometimesstemsform-.A.hatredB.misunderstandingC.prejudiceD.ignorance49.Tounderstandwhattruehappinessin,onemust______.A.haveasmuchfunaspossibleduringone's1ifetime.B.makeeveryefforttoliberateoneselffrompainC.putupwithpainunderallcircumstancesD.beabletodistinguishhappinessfromfun50.Whatistheauthortryingtotellus?A.Happinessoftengoeshandinhandwithpain.B.Onemustknowhowtoattainhappiness.C.Itisimportanttomakecommitments.D.Itispainthatleadstohappiness.参考答案46-50ACBDA****************************************************结束CIt'sveryinterestingtonotewherethedebateaboutdiversityistakingplace.Itistakingplaceprimari1yinpoliticalcircles.HereattheCollegeFund,wehavealotofcontactwithtopcorporate(公司的)leaders;noneofthemistalkingaboutgettingridofthoseinstrumentsthatproducediversity.Infact,theysaythatiftheircompaniesaretocompeteintheg1oba1villageandintheglobalmarketplace,diversityisanimperative.Theyalsosaythattheneedfortalented,skilledAmericansmeanswehavetoexpandthepoolofpotentialemployees.Andinlookingatwherebirthratesaregrowingandatwherethepopulationisshifting,corporateAmericaunderstandsthatexpandingthepoolmeanspromotingpoliciesthathelpprovideskillstomoreminorities,morewomenandmoreimmigrants.Corporateleadersknowthatifthatdoesn'toccurinoursociety,theywillnothavetheengineers,thescientists,thelawyers,orthebusinessmanagerstheywillneed.Likewise,Idon’thearpeopleintheacademysaying,“Let’sgobackward.Let'sgobacktothegoodolddays,whenwehadameritocracy(不拘一格降人才)〞(whichwasnevertrue—weneverhadameritocracy,althoughwe’vecomeclosertoitinthelast30years,)IrecentlyvisitedagreatlittlecollegeinNewYorkwherethecampushasdoubleditsminoritypopulationinthelastsixyears.ItalkedwithanAfricanAmericanwhohasbeenaprofessorthereforalongtime,andsheremembersthatwhenshefirstjoinedthecommunity,therewerefewerthanahandfulofminoritiesoncampus.Now,allofusfeeltheuniversityisbetterbecauseofthediversity.Sowherewehearthisdebateisprimarilyinpoliticalcirclesandinthemedia—notincorporateboardroomsoroncollegecampuses.51.Theunderlinedword“imperative〞inPara.lmostprobablyreferstosomething.A.superficialB.remarkableC.debatableD.essential52.Whichofthefollowinggroupsofpeoplestilldifferintheirviewsondiversity?A.MinoritiesB.PoliticiansC.ProfessorsD.Managers53.Highcorporateleadersseemtobeinfavorofpromotingdiversitysoasto.A.lowertherateofunemploymentB.winequalpoliticalrightsforminoritiesC.becompetitiveintheworldmarketD.satisfythedemandsofagrowingpopu1ation54.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat__________.A.meritocracycanneverberealizedwithoutdiversityB.AmericanpoliticalcircleswillnotacceptdiversityC.itisunlikelythatdiversitywilloccurintheU.S.mediaD.minoritiescanonlyenterthefieldswherenodebateisheardaboutdiversity55.AccordingtothepassagediversitycanbeachievedinAmericansocietyby.A.expandingthepoolofpotentialemployeesB.promotingpoliciesthatprovideskillstoemployeesC.trainingmoreengineers,scientistslawyersandbusinessmanagersD.providingeducationforallregardlessofraceorsex参考答案51-55DBCAD*************************************************结束Theriseofmultinationalcorporations(跨国公司),globalmarketing,newcommunicationstechnologies,andshrinkingculturaldifferenceshaveledtoanunparalleledincreaseinglobalpublicrelationsorPR.Surprisingly,sincemodernPRwaslargelyanAmericaninvention,theU.S.leadershipinpublicrelationsisbeingthreatenedbyPReffortsinothercountries.Tenyearsago,forexample,theworld’stopfivepublicrelationsagencieswereAmerican-owned.In1991,onlyonewas.TheBritishinparticulararebecomingmoresophisticatedandcreative.ArecentsurveyfoundthatmorethanhalfofallBritishcompaniesincludePRaspartoftheircorporate(公司的)planningactivities,comparedtoaboutone-thirdofU.S.companies.ItmaynotbelongbeforeLondonreplacesNewYorkasthecapitalofPR.WhyisAmericalaggingbehindintheglobalPRrace?First,Americansasawholetendtobefairlyprovincialandtakemoreofaninterestinlocalaffairs.Knowledgeofworldgeography,forexample,hasneverbeenstronginthiscountry.Secondly,AmericanslagbehindtheirEuropeanandAsiancounterparts(相对应的人)inknowingasecondlanguage.Lessthan5percentofBurson-Marshall’sU.S.employeesknowtwolanguages.OgilvyandMatherhasaboutthesamepercentage.Conversely,someEuropeanfirmshavehalformoreoftheiremployeesfluentinasecondlanguage.Finally,peopleinvolvedinPRabroadtendtokeepaclosereyeoninternationalaffairs.InthefinancialPRarea,forinstance,mostAmericansreadtheWallStreetJournal.Overseas,theircounterpartsreadtheJournalaswellastheFinancialTimesofLondonandTheEconomist,publicationsnotoftenreadinthiscountry.PerhapsthePRindustrymighttakealessonfromTedTurnerofCNN(CableNewsNetwork).Turnerrecentlyannouncedthattheword“foreign〞wouldnolongerbeusedonCNNnewsbroadcasts.AccordingtoTurner,globalcommunicationshavemadethenationsoftheworldsointerdependentthatthereisnolongeranysuchthingasforeign.51.Accordingtothepassage,U.S.leadershipinpublicrelationsisbeingthreatenedbecause_______.A.anunparalleledincreaseinthenumberofpublicrelationscompaniesB.shrinkingculturaldifferencesandnewcommunicationstechnologiesC.thedecreasingnumberofmultinationalcorporationsintheU.S.D.increasedeffortsofothercountriesinpublicrelations52.LondoncouldsoonreplaceNewYorkasthecenterofPRbecause________.A.BritishcompaniesaremoreambitiousthanU.S.companiesB.BritishcompaniesplacemoreimportanceonPRthanU.S.companiesC.BritishcompaniesareheavilyinvolvedinplanningactivitiesD.Fouroftheworld’stoppublicrelationsagenciesareBritish-owned53.Theword“provincial〞inPara.3mostprobablymeans“________.〞A.limitedinoutlookB)likepeoplefromtheprovincesC.rigidinthinkingD)interestedinworldfinancialaffairs54.WelearnfromthethirdparagraphthatemployeesintheAmericanPRindustry________.A.speakatleastoneforeignlanguagefluentlyB.areignorantaboutworldgeographyC.arenotassophisticatedastheirEuropeancounterpartsD.enjoyreadingagreatvarietyofEnglishbusinesspublications55.WhatlessonmightthePRindustrytakefromTedTurnerofCNN?A.AmericanPRcompaniesshouldbemoreinternationally-minded.B.TheAmericanPRindustryshoulddevelopglobalcommunicationstechnologies.C.PeopleworkinginPRshouldbemorefluentinforeignlanguages.D.PeopleinvolvedinPRshouldavoidusingtheword“foreign〞.参考答案51-55DBACA***********************************************结束〔湖南卷〕SectionB(18marks)Directlons:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordesorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.fillineachblank,withthewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Peopleincommunitieshaveslowlybeenpushcdapartthroughtheyears,mostlybecausepeoplesimplyaren’ttakingthetimetosayasimple“hello,〞Afterconsideringthisphenomenon,IdecidedIwasgoingto36thewayIwasdoingthings.My37cameonemorningwhenIwasinthecommitylibrary.Ipassedbyagirlwho38herbooksoutofherlocker.Thinkinglikemostthatsomeoneelsewouldhelpherpickthemup,Iconti