新视野大学英语第三版读写教程Book3-Unit5Whenworkisapleasure电子教案3241

新视野大学英语第三版电子教案Book3unit5Unit5WhenworkisapleasurePART1UnderstandingandLearningOverviewThisunitcentersonthetopicofwork-anindispensablepartofindividuallives.Wormayservedifferentpurposesandhavedifferentmeaningstodifferentpeople.TextAargues,bydifferentiatingamongwork,labor,andplay,thatinterestandenjoymentinworkareimportantforthebenefitofbothindividualsandsociety.Textbytellingusastoryofashoemakerandtheauthor,stimulatthoughtsonbuildingatraditionofworkingwithpride,self-esteem,andresponsibility.Alloftheseelements,asshowinbothtexts,cannotbeachievedinajobthatisdonemerelythesakeofmoney.Concerningthewritingstyle,TextAisdevelopedmainlybymeansofcontrasts,whichareeffectivelyusedtohighlight,pointbypoint,thedifferencesbetweenworkersandlaborers.TextB,bymeansofnarrationthroughtheuseofthefirstperson“I”andwithdetaileddescriptionandlivelyconversations,givesthereadersastrongfeelingofbeingpersonallyonthescene,andachievestheeffectofgreatvividness.Inorderforstudentstogetastrongunderstandingoftheunitthemeandfosteragoodattitudetowardwork,theteachershouldencouragethought-provokingdiscussionsandactivities.Thetopicsforthediscussionsmayincludewhywework,howwecanfosterloveforwork,howweachievehappinessatwork,arepeerinterviews,retellingofTextB,questionnairesurveytogaugethehappinesslevelofaspecificoccupationandtoworkouthowtoachievegreaterhappinessatwork.SectionAWillyoubeaworkeroralaborBackgroundinformation1continuingeducationContinuingeducationreferstotheeducationforadults,usuallyinclassesthatareheldintheeveningandespeciallysubjectsthatarerelatedtotheirjobs.2experientiallearningExperientialearningistheprocessofmakingmeaningfromdirectexperience.Itislearningthroughreflectionondoiwhichisoftencontrastedwithrotelearning(死记硬背).Experientiallearningfocusesonthelearningprocessfortheindividua1.An1exampleofexperientiallearningisgoingtothezooandlearningthroughobservationandinteractionwiththezooenvironment,asopposedtoreadingaboutanimalsfromabook.Thus,onemakesdiscoveriesandexperimentswithknowledgefirsthand,insteadofhearingorreadingaboutothers’experienDetailedstudyofthetext1Inasocietywhereslaveryinthestrictsensehasbeenabolished,thesocialindicationsaroundwork,thevalueofworkandthesalary,havedegradedmanylaborersintomodernslaves-“wageslaves”.(Para.1)Meaning:Inasocietywhereslavery,strictlyspeaking,hasbeenputtoanend,thesocialstatusofwork,thevalueofwoandthesalary,havemademanylaborersbexxemodernslaves-“wageslaves”.★degrade:vt.treatsb.withoutrespectandmakethemloserespectforthemselves贬低(某人);羞辱(某人)Theexaminationsupervisorwarnedstudentsnottodegradethemselvesbycheatingontheexam.监考老师警告学生不要在考试中舞弊,以免自取其辱。Note“Wagesslaves”hereferstothosewhoworkforthemerepurposeofearningawage.2Peopleareconsideredlaborersiftheirjobhasanadverseffectonthem,yettheyfeelxxpelledtocontinueworkingbythnecessityofconformingtosocietalexpectationsandearningthrevenuetosupportthemselvesandtheirfamilies.(Para.2)Meaning:Peopleareconsideredlaborersiftheirjobhasabadornegativeeffectonthem,buttheyareforcedtoworkbecausetheywanttomeettheexpectationsofthesocietyandearnsomemoneytosupportthemselvesandtheirfamilies.★adverse:a..notgoodorfavorable不利的;反对的;反面的Economistsfearthatanyconflictbetweenthetwocountriescouldhaveadverseeffectsonglobalfinancialmarkets.经济学家们担心两国之间的任何冲突都可能对全球金融市场产生不利影响。★conform:vi.(~to/with)obeysth.suchasaruleorlaw遵照;遵守;服从Thecityhasafewmodernbuildingsinthecentralareawhichdonotconformwiththestyleofthecity’soverallcharacter.该城市中心区域有一些现代建筑跟城市的整体风格特点不相符合。★revenue:n.［U］moneythatabusinessororganizationreceivesoveraperiodof2time,esp.fromsellinggoodsorservices(公司、机构的)收益,收入Aspokesmanforthefinancedepartmentsaidcostsgenerallyrisewhenrevenueincreases.财务部门的发言人说收益增加成本通常会增加。Notesocietal:a.relatingtosocietyorthewaysocietyisorganized社会的Intime,humansbegantodevelopsocietalorganizationsthateventuallywouldbexxewhatweknowastownsandcities.经过一段时间之后，人类开始形成社会组织，这些社会组织最终发展成为我们所知道的乡镇和城市。3Thepolaroppositeoflaborisplay.(Para,2)Meaning:Playisxxpletelyoppositetolabor.★polar:a.1)(~opposite/extreme)sth.thatisthexxpleteorexactoppositeofsth.else完全相反;正好相反Johnsaidhe’dvoteforthecandidateevenifhisbeliefswerethepolaroppositeofhisown.约翰说即便候选人的观点与自己的相左,他也将投票给该候选人。2)closetoorrelatingtotheNorthPoleortheSouthPole地极的;近地极的;极地的Themeltingofthepolaricecapsandtheriseinthesealevelareonlythemostxxmonlycitedeffeofclimatechange.极地冰盖融化以及海平面上升只是最常被提及的气候变化的后果。4Whenweplayagame,weenjoywhatwearedoing,butitisapurelyprivatepastime;…(Para.2)★pastime:n.[C]sth.thatyoudobecauseyouthinkitisenjoyableorinteresting消遣;娱乐Torelievethestresscausedbyherjob,sheturnedtopainting,apastimeshehadlovedsincechildhood.为了缓解工作引起的压力,她开始画画,这是她自儿时起就喜欢的消遣。5Betweenlaborandplaystandswork.Meaning:Workliessomewherebetweenlaborandplay.NoteHereweareremindedofwhatismentionedintheprecedingparagraph“Thepolaroppositeoflaborisplay”.6Peoplearelabeledasworkersiftheirpersonalinterestscoincidewiththejobssocietypaysthemtodo;whatisnecessarylaborfromthepointofviewofsocietyisvoluntaryplayfromtheindividual’spersonalpointofview.(Para.3)3Meaning:Peopleareregardedasworkersiftheirpersonalinterestsagreewiththejobssocietypaysthemtodo;whatisnecessarylaborfromtheperspectiveofsocietycanmeanvoluntaryplaytoaworker.NoteThelaborrequiredinajobisvoluntaryplaytoworkersbecausetheyshowinterestinit,enjoywhattheyaredoingandfindpleasureinit;justasiftheywereplayingaga★coincide:vi.(~with)1)(ofideas,opinions,etc.)bethesameorverysimilar(想法、意见等)相同,相符,极为类似Indeed,theState’sinterestsmaynotcoincidewiththosetheindividual.的确,国家利益可能与个人利益不一致。2)(oftwoormoreevents)takeplaceatthesametime(两件或更多的事情)同时发生Herarrivalcoincidedwithourdeparture.她到来之时正逢我们离开。★voluntary:a.donewillinglyandwithoutbeingforced自愿的;自动的Everydecisionismadeofaperson’sfreewill,andisvoluntary,unlessitiseffectedbyxxpulsion.每项决定都是基于个人意愿,属自愿性质的,除非有强制要求。Notepointofview:n.aparticularwayofthinkingaboutorjudgingasituation视角；角度Howdoesyourpointofviewsquarewithwhatsomeofyourcolleagueshavesaid你的观点与你—些同事的意见在多大程度上—致7Whetherajobistobedesignatedaslabororworkdepends,notonthejobitselfbutonthetastesoftheindividwhoundertakesit.Meaning:Whetherajobissobeconsideredaslabororworkdepends,notonthejobitself,butontheverypersonwhdoesithadinterestinitornot.★desinate:vt..1)(fml.)(~sb./sth.as)givename,title,ordescription把定名为;授予称号;把描述为WhenresidentswantedtodesignatetheElkRiverasaheritagesite,themineskilledtheproposal.当居民们想把埃尔克河确定为文化遗产时,该提议却被众多的矿井给毁掉了。2)(~sb./)formallychooseaparticularpurpose任命;选定;选派Awillallowspeopletodesignatesomeoneasreceiveroftheirpropertywhentheydie.遗嘱使人们可以指定其去世后财产谁继承。8Thedifferencedoesnot,forexample,correlatewiththedifferencebetweena4manualandmentaljoborbetweenjobsofloworhighesteem;…Meaning:Thedifferencelaborandworkhasnoconnectionwiththedifferencebetweenamanualandmentaljoborbetweenjobswhichgetloworhighrespectandadmiration.★correlate:v.(~with)iftwoormorefacts,ideas,etc.correlateoryoucorrelatethem,theyarecloselyconnectedtoeachotheroronecausestheother(使)相互关联RisingtemperaturesandtheassociatedearlierspringsnowmeltwithincreasingamountsandsizeofwildfiresinthewesternUnitedStates.气温升高及其所导致的春季融雪提前与美国西部数量日益增多、规模日益增大的山火是有关联的。★esteem:n.[U]afeelingofrespectforsb.,oragoodopinionofsb.尊敬;敬重Heisheldinhighesteembycolleagueintheconstructionindustry.他受到建筑业同行的高度尊重。vt.(fml.)respectandadmiresb.orsth.尊敬;敬重Employeequalitiessuchasbeingcooperativeandindustriousareoftenesteemedbymanagers.员工的合作、勤奋等品质常常为经理们所推崇。9Workersarethereforemorepronetodedicatemoretimetoworking,takingtoolittleleisureratherthantoomuch.Meaning:Workersarethereforemorelikelytospendmoretimeinworking,andtheywillspendextremelylittleamountoftimeonrelaxation.★prone:todosufferfromsth.,badorharmful易于发生某事(尤指不好或有害的事)的;很可能的;有倾向的Mostchildrenarepronetojunkfood.多数孩子喜欢吃垃圾食品。★dedicatevt.1)useaplace,time,money,foraparticularpurpose(为某一目的而)使用Thenewspaperdedicatedthreewholepagestopicturesoftheprincess.报纸用了三个整版刊登王妃的照片。2)giveallyourattentionandefforttooneparticularthing致力于;献身于Thenewpresidentsaidshewoulddedicateherselfprotectingtherightsofchildren,theoldandthehomeless.新总统说她将致力于保护儿童、老人和无家可归者的权利。10Tolaborers,ontheotherhand,leisuremeansautonomyfromxxpulsion,soitisnaturalforthemtoimaginethatthefewerhourstheyhavetospendlaboring,andthemorehourstheyhavefreeforplay,thebetter.5Unit5WhenworkisapleasurePART1UnderstandingandLearningOverviewThisunitcentersonthetopicofwork-anindispensablepartofindividuallives.Wormayservedifferentpurposesandhavedifferentmeaningstodifferentpeople.TextAargues,bydifferentiatingamongwork,labor,andplay,thatinterestandenjoymentinworkareimportantforthebenefitofbothindividualsandsociety.Textbytellingusastoryofashoemakerandtheauthor,stimulatthoughtsonbuildingatraditionofworkingwithpride,self-esteem,andresponsibility.Alloftheseelements,asshowinbothtexts,cannotbeachievedinajobthatisdonemerelythesakeofmoney.Concerningthewritingstyle,TextAisdevelopedmainlybymeansofcontrasts,whichareeffectivelyusedtohighlight,pointbypoint,thedifferencesbetweenworkersandlaborers.TextB,bymeansofnarrationthroughtheuseofthefirstperson“I”andwithdetaileddescriptionandlivelyconversations,givesthereadersastrongfeelingofbeingpersonallyonthescene,andachievestheeffectofgreatvividness.Inorderforstudentstogetastrongunderstandingoftheunitthemeandfosteragoodattitudetowardwork,theteachershouldencouragethought-provokingdiscussionsandactivities.Thetopicsforthediscussionsmayincludewhywework,howwecanfosterloveforwork,howweachievehappinessatwork,arepeerinterviews,retellingofTextB,questionnairesurveytogaugethehappinesslevelofaspecificoccupationandtoworkouthowtoachievegreaterhappinessatwork.SectionAWillyoubeaworkeroralaborBackgroundinformation1continuingeducationContinuingeducationreferstotheeducationforadults,usuallyinclassesthatareheldintheeveningandespeciallysubjectsthatarerelatedtotheirjobs.2experientiallearningExperientialearningistheprocessofmakingmeaningfromdirectexperience.Itislearningthroughreflectionondoiwhichisoftencontrastedwithrotelearning(死记硬背).Experientiallearningfocusesonthelearningprocessfortheindividua1.An1exampleofexperientiallearningisgoingtothezooandlearningthroughobservationandinteractionwiththezooenvironment,asopposedtoreadingaboutanimalsfromabook.Thus,onemakesdiscoveriesandexperimentswithknowledgefirsthand,insteadofhearingorreadingaboutothers’experienDetailedstudyofthetext1Inasocietywhereslaveryinthestrictsensehasbeenabolished,thesocialindicationsaroundwork,thevalueofworkandthesalary,havedegradedmanylaborersintomodernslaves-“wageslaves”.(Para.1)Meaning:Inasocietywhereslavery,strictlyspeaking,hasbeenputtoanend,thesocialstatusofwork,thevalueofwoandthesalary,havemademanylaborersbexxemodernslaves-“wageslaves”.★degrade:vt.treatsb.withoutrespectandmakethemloserespectforthemselves贬低(某人);羞辱(某人)Theexaminationsupervisorwarnedstudentsnottodegradethemselvesbycheatingontheexam.监考老师警告学生不要在考试中舞弊,以免自取其辱。Note“Wagesslaves”hereferstothosewhoworkforthemerepurposeofearningawage.2Peopleareconsideredlaborersiftheirjobhasanadverseffectonthem,yettheyfeelxxpelledtocontinueworkingbythnecessityofconformingtosocietalexpectationsandearningthrevenuetosupportthemselvesandtheirfamilies.(Para.2)Meaning:Peopleareconsideredlaborersiftheirjobhasabadornegativeeffectonthem,buttheyareforcedtoworkbecausetheywanttomeettheexpectationsofthesocietyandearnsomemoneytosupportthemselvesandtheirfamilies.★adverse:a..notgoodorfavorable不利的;反对的;反面的Economistsfearthatanyconflictbetweenthetwocountriescouldhaveadverseeffectsonglobalfinancialmarkets.经济学家们担心两国之间的任何冲突都可能对全球金融市场产生不利影响。★conform:vi.(~to/with)obeysth.suchasaruleorlaw遵照;遵守;服从Thecityhasafewmodernbuildingsinthecentralareawhichdonotconformwiththestyleofthecity’soverallcharacter.该城市中心区域有一些现代建筑跟城市的整体风格特点不相符合。★revenue:n.［U］moneythatabusinessororganizationreceivesoveraperiodof2time,esp.fromsellinggoodsorservices(公司、机构的)收益,收入Aspokesmanforthefinancedepartmentsaidcostsgenerallyrisewhenrevenueincreases.财务部门的发言人说收益增加成本通常会增加。Notesocietal:a.relatingtosocietyorthewaysocietyisorganized社会的Intime,humansbegantodevelopsocietalorganizationsthateventuallywouldbexxewhatweknowastownsandcities.经过一段时间之后，人类开始形成社会组织，这些社会组织最终发展成为我们所知道的乡镇和城市。3Thepolaroppositeoflaborisplay.(Para,2)Meaning:Playisxxpletelyoppositetolabor.★polar:a.1)(~opposite/extreme)sth.thatisthexxpleteorexactoppositeofsth.else完全相反;正好相反Johnsaidhe’dvoteforthecandidateevenifhisbeliefswerethepolaroppositeofhisown.约翰说即便候选人的观点与自己的相左,他也将投票给该候选人。2)closetoorrelatingtotheNorthPoleortheSouthPole地极的;近地极的;极地的Themeltingofthepolaricecapsandtheriseinthesealevelareonlythemostxxmonlycitedeffeofclimatechange.极地冰盖融化以及海平面上升只是最常被提及的气候变化的后果。4Whenweplayagame,weenjoywhatwearedoing,butitisapurelyprivatepastime;…(Para.2)★pastime:n.[C]sth.thatyoudobecauseyouthinkitisenjoyableorinteresting消遣;娱乐Torelievethestresscausedbyherjob,sheturnedtopainting,apastimeshehadlovedsincechildhood.为了缓解工作引起的压力,她开始画画,这是她自儿时起就喜欢的消遣。5Betweenlaborandplaystandswork.Meaning:Workliessomewherebetweenlaborandplay.NoteHereweareremindedofwhatismentionedintheprecedingparagraph“Thepolaroppositeoflaborisplay”.6Peoplearelabeledasworkersiftheirpersonalinterestscoincidewiththejobssocietypaysthemtodo;whatisnecessarylaborfromthepointofviewofsocietyisvoluntaryplayfromtheindividual’spersonalpointofview.(Para.3)3Meaning:Peopleareregardedasworkersiftheirpersonalinterestsagreewiththejobssocietypaysthemtodo;whatisnecessarylaborfromtheperspectiveofsocietycanmeanvoluntaryplaytoaworker.NoteThelaborrequiredinajobisvoluntaryplaytoworkersbecausetheyshowinterestinit,enjoywhattheyaredoingandfindpleasureinit;justasiftheywereplayingaga★coincide:vi.(~with)1)(ofideas,opinions,etc.)bethesameorverysimilar(想法、意见等)相同,相符,极为类似Indeed,theState’sinterestsmaynotcoincidewiththosetheindividual.的确,国家利益可能与个人利益不一致。2)(oftwoormoreevents)takeplaceatthesametime(两件或更多的事情)同时发生Herarrivalcoincidedwithourdeparture.她到来之时正逢我们离开。★voluntary:a.donewillinglyandwithoutbeingforced自愿的;自动的Everydecisionismadeofaperson’sfreewill,andisvoluntary,unlessitiseffectedbyxxpulsion.每项决定都是基于个人意愿,属自愿性质的,除非有强制要求。Notepointofview:n.aparticularwayofthinkingaboutorjudgingasituation视角；角度Howdoesyourpointofviewsquarewithwhatsomeofyourcolleagueshavesaid你的观点与你—些同事的意见在多大程度上—致7Whetherajobistobedesignatedaslabororworkdepends,notonthejobitselfbutonthetastesoftheindividwhoundertakesit.Meaning:Whetherajobissobeconsideredaslabororworkdepends,notonthejobitself,butontheverypersonwhdoesithadinterestinitornot.★desinate:vt..1)(fml.)(~sb./sth.as)givename,title,ordescription把定名为;授予称号;把描述为WhenresidentswantedtodesignatetheElkRiverasaheritagesite,themineskilledtheproposal.当居民们想把埃尔克河确定为文化遗产时,该提议却被众多的矿井给毁掉了。2)(~sb./)formallychooseaparticularpurpose任命;选定;选派Awillallowspeopletodesignatesomeoneasreceiveroftheirpropertywhentheydie.遗嘱使人们可以指定其去世后财产谁继承。8Thedifferencedoesnot,forexample,cor