计算机专业英语选择

Multiple1

Thekeyboard,mouse,monitor,andsystemunitare:

hardware

outputdevices

storagedevicessoftware

Programsthatcoordinatecomputerresources,provideaninterface,andrunapplicationsareknownas:

applicationprograms operatingsystems

storagesystems utilityprograms

Abrowserisanexampleofa:

basicapplication

systemapplication

specializedprogramutilityprogram

Althoughnotaspowerfulasasupercomputer,thistypeofcomputeriscapableofgreatprocessingspeedsanddatastorage.

mainframemediacentermidrangenetbook

Thesmallesttypeofmicrocomputer:

netbook handheld midrange tabletPC

RAMisatypeof:

computer memory network secondarystorage

Unlikememory,thistypeofstorageholdsdataandprogramsevenafterelectricalpowertothecomputersystemhasbeenturnedoff.

primary RAM ROM secondary

Thetypeoffilecreatedbywordprocessorstosave,forexample,memos,termpapers,andletters.

database document presentation worksheet

ThechangeinconnectivitythatusestheInternetandtheWebtoshiftmany

computeractivitiesfromauser

scomputertocomputersontheInternet.

USB

cloudcomputinghighdefinitionnetwork

Thelargestnetworkintheworldis[the]:

Facbeook Internet Web USB

Multiple2

Thenetworkthatconnectscomputersallovertheworld.

CERN Internet LAN Web

Therulesforexchangingdatabetweencomputers.

DSL protocols Web WWW

Client-basede-mailaccountsrequirethisspecialprogramtobeinstalledonyourcomputer.

e-mailclient hyperlink Java utility

CommunitiesofindividualswhoshareacommoninteresttypicallycreateFacebook:

clients groups pages profiles

E-mailthatdoesnotrequireane-mailprograminstalledonauser,scomputerisknownas:

blog podcast Webmail utility

Averywell-knownmicroblog.

LinkedIn MySpace Twitter Wikipedia

Theseprogramscontinuallylookfornewinformationandupdatesearchservices,databaseprograms.

filters IM spiders wikis

Atypeofsearchenginethatsubmitsrequeststoothersearchengines,organizestheirresponses,eliminatesduplicateresponses,ordershits,andthenprovidesaneditedlist.

directorysearch ISP

metasearchengine specializedsearchengine

ThisistheInternet,sequivalenttotraditionalcash.

digitalcash e-commerce icash Internet

dollars

Usingfiletransferutilitysoftware,youcancopyfilestoyourcomputerfromspeciallyconfiguredserversontheInternet.Thisiscalled:

downloading filtering blogging uploading

Multiple3

Thistypeofsoftwareworkswithendusers,applicationsoftware,andcomputerhardwaretohandlethemajorityoftechnicaldetails.

applicationgeneralpurpose system utility

Arectangularareathatcancontainadocument,program,ormessage.

dialogbox form frame window

Programsthatcreatetext-baseddocuments.

DBMS suites spreadsheets wordprocessors

Programsthatorganize,analyze,andgraphnumericdatasuchasbudgetsandfinancialreports.

DBMS suites spreadsheets wordprocessors

Inaspreadsheet,theintersectionofarowandcolumncreatesa:

cell

formula

function

label

Acollectionofrelateddatathatistheelectronicequivalentofafilecabinet.

cell database document table

accordingto

Adatabasetoolthatwillquicklyrearrangeatable,srecordsaselectedfield.

filter

sort

spreadsheet

wordprocessor

Programsthatcombineavarietyofvisualobjectstocreateattractive,visuallyinterestingpresentations.

DBMSpresentationgraphicsspreadsheet wordprocessor

Theprimarydisadvantageofthistypeofpackageisthatthecapabilitiesofeachfunctionarenotasextensiveasinindividualprograms.

integrated office software utility

AtypeofsuitestoredataserverontheInternetandavailableanywherethroughInternetaccess.

cloud integrated office utility

Multiple4

1.Thesespecializedgraphicsprogramspublicationsofprofessionalquality.

combinetextandgraphicstocreate

desktoppublishingprogramsimagegalleries

imageeditors

illustrationprograms

2.

desktoppublishingprogramsimagegalleries

Alsoknownasdrawingprograms.

imageeditors

illustrationprograms

Graphicsprogramsusedtocreateandeditvectorimages.

imageeditors

illustrationprograms

desktoppublishingprogramsimagegalleries

Anessentialmultimediafeaturethatallowsuserparticipation.

Flash interactivity immersion raster

Specialprogramsusedtocreatemultimediapresentations.

desktoppublishingprograms Flasheditors

imageeditors multimediaauthoringprograms

6.

AwidelyusedinteractiveanimationapplicationfromAdobe.

ACTION

Flash

Fuzzy

WYSIWYG

ProgramsforWebsitedesignandHTMLcodingarecalledWebpageeditorsor

appsHTMLeditorsVRprogramsWebeditors

Thisareaofartificialintelligenceisalsoknownasexpertsystems.

acousticsknowledge-basedsystemsrobotics virtual

reality

Atypeofartificialintelligencethatusesadatabasetoprovideassistancetousers.

acoustics expertsystems robotics virtual

reality

Anothernameforthedatabaseusedinexpertsystemsthatcontainsspecificfactsandrules.

accesstable experttable knowledgebaserule

base

Multiple5

Whattypeofsoftwareworkswithusers,applicationsoftware,andcomputerhardwaretohandlethemajorityoftechnicaldetails

dapplication desktop Linux system

Theprogramsthatconvertprogramminginstructionswrittenbyprogrammersintoalanguagethatcomputersunderstandandprocessarelanguage:

converters linguists managers translators

Theabilitytoswitchbetweendifferentapplicationsstoredinmemoryiscalled:

diversionmultitaskingoperationalinterferenceprogramming

Graphicrepresentationsforaprogram,typeoffile,orfunction:

app icon image software

Thisoperatingsystemfeatureiscontrolledbyamouseandchangesshapedependingonitscurrentfunction.

dialogbox menu mouse pointer

TheoperatingsystembasedonLinux,designedforNetbookcomputers,andfocusedonInternetconnectivitythroughcloudcomputing:

Chrome Mac UnixWindows

ThemobileoperatingsystemdevelopedbyAppleandoriginallycallediPhoneOS:

Android BlackBerryOSIOS MacOS

Autilityprogramthatmakescopiesoffilestobeusedincasetheoriginalsarelostordamaged:

BackupandRestoreDiskCleanupDiskDefragmenterCompactor

Atroubleshootingutilitythatidentifiesandeliminatesnonessentialfiles,freesupvaluablediskspace,andimprovessystemperformance:

BackupandRestoreDiskCleanupDiskDefragmenterCompactor

WindowsmakesiteasytoupdatedriverswithWindows:

Backup Restore Driver Update

Multiple6

Thiscontainerhousesmostoftheelectricalcomponentsforacomputersystem.

carrierpackagesystemboardsystemunitTVtuner

Similartonotebooks,thissystemunitspecializesinon-the-goWebbrowsingande-mailaccess.

chassis desktop mediacenter netbook

Computerscanonlyrecognizethistypeofelectronicsignal.

analog bus digital maximum

Themainormotherboardisalsoknownasthe:

computer

boardprocessor

mobilesystem

systemboard

5.Howmanybytescan

a32-bit-wordcomputeraccessatonetime

16

Inamicrocomputersystem,thecentralprocessingunitiscontainedonasingle:

bus

chip

module

RAM

Thistypeofmemorydivideslargeprogramsintopartsandstoresthepartsonasecondarystoragedevice.

direct expanded random-access virtual

AlsoknownasNIC,thisadaptercardisusedtoconnectacomputertoa:

AIA expansion graphics network

ThisprovidesapathwaytoconnectpartsoftheCPUtoeachother.

bus PlugandPlay wired wireless

Olderportsthathavelargelybeenreplacedbyfaster,moreflexibleportsarecalled:

buses expandable legacy rendered

Multiple7

Mostkeyboardsuseanarrangementofkeysknownas:

Alpha Daisy OptiKey QWERTY

Thedevicethatcontrolsapointerdisplayedonthemonitor.

3.

cord

Alsoknown

as

aballwithyour

trackball

mouse printer scanner

arollerball,thumb.

thisdevicecontrolsthepointerbyrotating

joystick

cordlessmouse

stylus

Thetypeofscreenthatcanbetouchedwithmorethanonefingerandsupportszoominginandoutbypinchingandstretchingyourfingers.

digital dynamic multitouch OLED

Flatbedanddocumentaretypesof:

headsets HDTVs monitors scanners

Deviceusedbybankstoautomaticallyreadthoseunusualnumbersonthebottomofchecksanddepositslips.

MICR FDIC OMRUPC

Themostwidelyusedaudio-inputdevice.

mouse VR microphone TFT

Themonitorfeaturethatspecifieshowoftenadisplayedimageisupdated.

aspectratio dotpitch refreshrate

resolutionrate

Handheld,book-sizeddevicesthatdisplaytextandgraphics.

e-bookreaders HDTV lasers whiteboards

Thistechnologyallowstelevisionstationstobroadcasttheirprogrammingdirectlytosmartphones,computers,anddigitalmediaplayers.

CRT HDTV LED MobileDTV

Multiple8

RAMissometimesreferredtoas:

primarystorage ratioactivememory

readonlymemory secondarystorage

Theactualphysicalmaterialthatholdsthedataandprograms.

primarystorage media disk access

Measureshowtightlythesechargescanbepackednexttooneanotheronthedisk.

density cylinders tracks sectors

Whenaread/writeheadmakescontactwiththeharddisk’ssurface,itcausesahead:

crash land pit scratch

Thishard-diskperformanceenhancementanticipatesdataneeds.

diskcachingfilecompressionfiledecompressionRAID

Thistypeofstorageusespitsandlandstorepresent1sand0s.

cloud harddisk optical solidstate

DVDstandsfor:

digitalversatiledisc digitalvideodata

dynamicversatiledisc dynamicvideodisc

USBdrivesarealsoknownas:

flashdrivesopticaldrivesportsuniversalstatebus

Anorganizationalstrategytopromoteefficientandsafeuseofdataacrossthenetworks.

clouddynamic datamissionstatement

enterprisestoragesystem RAID

Amassstoragedevicethatprovidesaccesstodataarchivedontapes.

filesystem NAS RAIDsystem tapelibrary

Multiple9

Theconceptrelatedtousingcomputernetworkstolinkpeopleandresources.

connectivity

GPS TCP/IP Wi-Fi

Ahigh-frequencytransmissioncablethatdeliverstelevisionsignalsaswell

asconnectscomputersinanetwork.

coaxial

hidef

3-D

twistedpair

Ashort-rangeradiocommunicationstandardthattransmitsdataovershortdistancesofuptoapproximately30feet.

Bluetooth broadband DSL TCP/IP

Thespeedwithwhichamodemtransmitsdataiscalledits:

digitalvelocitydynamicratemodularratingtransferrate

ThebandwidthtypicallyusedforDSL,cable,andsatelliteconnectionstotheInternet.

basebandbroadbandmediumbandvoiceband

EverycomputerontheInternethasauniquenumericaddresscalleda(n):

IPaddressDNSbroadcastpacket

SometimesreferredtoasaLANadapter,theseexpansioncardsconnectacomputertoanetwork.

PCMCIANIC serverVPN

AdevicethatallowsoneLANtobelinkedtootherLANsortolargernetworks.

IDS networkgateway PANswitch

TypicallyusingWi-Fitechnology,thesewirelessaccesspointsaretypicallyavailablefrompublicplacessuchascoffeeshops,libraries,bookstores,colleges,anduniversities.

hotspots extranets PANs LANs

Star,tree,andmesharethreetypesofnetwork:

topologiesprotocolsstrategiesdevices

Multiple10

Thethreeprimaryprivacyissuesareaccuracy,property,and:

access

ethics

ownership

security

Toeasilygetnames,addresses,andotherdetailsaboutapersonusingonlyhisorhertelephonenumber,governmentauthoritiesandothersusea(n):

adwarecookiekeystrokeloggerreversedirectoryworm

Browsersstorethelocationsofsitesvisitedina:

historymenu toolbarfirewall

Thebrowsermodethateliminateshistoryfilesandblocksmostcookies.

detectinsertprivacysleep

Theinformationthatpeoplevoluntarilypostinsocialnetworkingsites,blogs,andphoto-andvideo-sharingsitesisusedtocreatetheir:

accessapprovalfirewallonlineidentityphish

Computercriminalswhospecializeinstealing,trading,andusingstolencreditcardsovertheInternetareknownas:

carderscardscammerscybertradersidentitythieves

Programsthatcomeintoacomputersystemdisguisedassomethingelsearecalled:

TrojanhorsesvirusesWebbugszombies

TheuseoftheInternet,cellphones,orotherdevicestosendorpostcontentintendedtohurtorembarrassanotherpersonisknownas:

cyber-bullying onlineharassment

socialmediadiscrimination unethicalcommunication

antivirusprogramfirewall

Specialhardwareandsoftwareusedtocontrolaccesstoacorporation'sprivatenetworkisknownasa(n):

communicationgate

spywareremovalprogram

Topreventcopyrightviolations,corporationsoftenuse:

ACT

DRM

VPN

WPA

Multiple11

Whichofthebasicorganizationalfunctionsrecordsallfinancialactivityfrombillingcustomerstopayingemployees

accountingmarketingproductionresearch

Whatmanageriallevelhasinformationflowthatisvertical,horizontal,andexternal

top supervisory middle foreman

Whichcomputer-basedinformationsystemusesdatafromTPSandanalyticaltoolstosupportmiddlemanagers

ESSMIS DSSTPS

Accountspayablereferstomoneythecompanyowesitssuppliersformaterialsandservicesithas:

created exportedinventoried received

Whataccountingactivitykeepstrackofallsummariesofalltransactions

balancesheet generalledger

incomestatement inventorycontrol

Whataccountingstatementliststheoverallfinancialconditionofanorganization

balancesheet generalledger

incomestatement inventorycontrol

Whattypeofreportisproducedatregularintervals

demand exceptioninventoryperiodic

ADSSconsistsoffourparts:user,systemsoftware,decisionmodels,and:

applicationsoftwaredataoperatingsystemspreadsheets

Whattypeofworkerisinvolvedwiththedistribution,communication,andcreationofinformation

executive

foreman

informationknowledge

Whattypeofprogramisdesignedtoschedule,plan,andcontrolproject

resources

auditing

dtp

projectmanagers

schedulers

Multiple12

Factsorobservationsaboutpeople,places,things,andeventsare:

dataoccurrences records tables

Themostbasiclogicaldataelementsuchasasingleletter,number,orspecialcharacterisknownasa:

characterelement phrase record

Eachrecordinadatabasehasatleastonedistinctivefield,calledthe:

keyfield structuretype view

Oneelementofdatabasesecurityistoprovideonlyauthorizeduserswith:

classes nodes passwords relations

Thebridgebetweenthelogicalandphysicalviewsofthedataisprovidedby:

DBMS records SQL tables

Highlytrainedcomputerspecialistswhointeractwiththedataadministrationsubsystemareknownas:

DBMSdatamodelersdatabaseadministratorsrelationalspecialists

Inanetworkdatabase,eachchildnodemayhavemorethanoneparentnode;thisisknownasa:

hierarchy many-to-manyrelationship

parentrelationship relationalrelationship

Connectionsbetweenparentnodesandchildnodesareprovidedby:

charactersDBAobjects pointers

Twoofthemostsignificantadvantagesofmultidimensionaldatabasesoverrelationaldatabasesareprocessingspeedand:

conceptualizationcontrol format objectification

Object-orienteddatabasesorganizedatabyclasses,attributes,methods,and:

objects relations space time

Multiple13

Aninformationsystemisacollectionofhardware,software,people,procedures,and:

dataDBMS specialistssystemanalysts

Whatisthefirstphaseinthesystemslifecycle

needsanalysis preliminaryinvestigation

systemsanalysis systemsdesign

Whichphaseinthesystemslifecycleinvolvesinstallingthenewsystemandtrainingpeople

preliminaryinvestigation systemsanalysis

systemdesign systemsimplementation

Thisphaseinthesystemslifecycleisconcernedaboutdeterminingsystemrequirementsnotindesign.

preliminaryinvestigation systemsanalysis

systemdesign systemsimplementation

Whichsystemsanalysistoolshowstherelationshipbetweeninputandoutputdocuments

checklistdataflowdecisiontablegridchart

Thesetoolsrelievethesystemsanalystsofmanyrepetitivetasks,developcleardocumentation,and,forlargerprojects,coordinateteammemberactivities.

CASE

flowcharts

automatedsystemslifecycledataflowanalyzers

Whichsystemslifecyclephaseisconcernedwitheconomic,technical,andoperationalfeasibility

preliminaryinvestigation systemsanalysis

systemsdesign systemsimplementation

Whattypeoffeasibilityevaluateswhetherthepeoplewithintheorganizationwillembraceorresistanewsystem

behavioraleconomicoperationaltechinical

Whichapproachtoconversionbeginsbytryingoutanewsysteminonlyonepartofanorganization

direct pilot parallel phased

Analternativetothesystemslifecycleapproachusingpowerfuldevelopmentsoftware,smallspecializedteams,andhighlytrainedpersonnel.

AADCASEprototypingRAD

Multiple14

Aprogramisalistofinstructionsforthecomputertofollowtoprocess:

datadirectlogichardwaresoftware

Themajorprocessingstepsidentifiedinatop-downprogramdesignarecalled:

assemblyinstructions modules logic

Theprogramminglogicstructureinwhichoneprogramstatementfollowsanother.

concatenationloop repetitionselection

Oneofthebestwaystocodeeffectiveprogramsistousethethreebasiclogicstructurestocreate:

content-markupprograms modularlanguages

pseudocode structuredprograms

Whichstepinthesix-stepprogrammingprocedureinvolvesdeskcheckingandsearchingforsyntaxandlogicerrors

programdesign programdocumentation

programmaintenance programtest

Whichstepinthesix-stepprogrammingprocedureisthefinalstep

programdesign programdocumentation

programtest programmaintenance

Unliketraditionalsystemsdevelopment,thissoftwaredevelopmentapproachfocuseslessontheproceduresandmoreondefiningtherelationshipsbetweenpreviouslydefinedprocedures.

2GL context-markup module object-oriented

Naturallanguagesareconsideredtobea:

high-levellanguage low-levellanguage

mid-levellangu