基础2017年考研帮长难句精讲27课时英语加讲义

//课程配套讲义是学习的必备资源，帮帮为大家精心整理了高质量的配套讲多造最科学、最高效、最自由的学台：名师另：考点延伸为教研老师补充的内容，方便大家更好的理解和掌握第一章语法概 第一节语法概 第二章简单 第一节简单句简 第三章特殊句 第一节特殊句法-倒 第二节特殊句法-强 第三节特殊语法-否 第四章并列 第一节并列句简 第五章三大从 第一节状语从 第二节状语从句演 第三节定语从 第四节定语从句演 第五节名词性从句简 第六节名词性从句之主语从 第七节名词性从句之表语从 第八节名词性从句之宾语从 第九节名词性从句之同位语从 第十节名词性从句演 第六章长句分析与翻 第一节长句分 第二节实 //第第二章单一般来讲，英语句子的主要成分包括主语(S=subject),谓语动词(V=verb),表语(P=predicative),宾语(O=object)［分为直接宾语(Od=directobject)和间接宾语(Oi=indirectobject)，和补足语( 主谓宾Iloveyou.主系 Iama情态：can/may/should/must+-全部倒装（分词结构的全部倒装1.Aboyagedabout18waslyingonthe2.Agroupofyoungpeoplearesittingonthe分Deeplyinvolvedwiththisnewtechnologyisabreedofmodernbusinesspeoplewhohaveagrowingrespectfortheeconomicvalueofngbusinessabroad.ReachingnewpeaksofpopularityinNorthAmericaisIcebergWater,whichisharvestedfromicebergsoffthecoastofNewfoundland,Canada.Emergingfromthe1980censusisthepictureofanationdevelomoreandmoreregionalcompetition,aspopulationgrowthintheNortheastandMidwestreachesanearScatteredaroundtheglobearemorethan100smallregionsofisolatedvolcanicactivityknowntogeologistsashotspots.分Hardlycanweignoretheseriousresultsarisingfromtheenvironmental//Onlywhenjuvenilesregardthosestarrationally,cantheybenefitfromtheirroleonly+状语在句首-英语的强调主要有两种：强调非谓语（考点延伸强调非谓语其基本句型是：“t+i/a+被强调的成分+that/h+其他成分”。itwho(m)/that,其他情况用that（在美式英语中，当被强调部分是物的时候也可以用which来代替that)。ItwasIwho/thatmetJackyesterday.是我昨天碰Jack。(强调主语ItwasJackthat/whomImetyesterday.我昨天碰到的Jack(强调宾语)ItwasyesterdaythatImetJack.Jack(强调时间状语【注意】ImetJackyesterday.Itispeople,notthingsthataredecisive.决定的因素是人，ItisbecausethebookisveryimportantformypresentjobthatIboughtit.ItwasinthesupermarketthatIgavethebooktohim.是在那家超市里我给了Itwas whitethatTomwaspaintingthefence.当时正在把涂成白色的。(强调宾语补足语，这句话的原句是Tomwaspaintingthefencewhite.)ItistheBuckinghamPalacethattheBritishQueen'sofficebuildingiscalled.英强调谓语动词（考点延伸Iworkhard.→IdoworkShelovesyou.→ShedoesloveIcalledyouinthemorning.→Ididcallyouinthe其他表示强调的方式（考点延伸的词来表示really,certainly,definiy,very等，在口语中，suchso都常用于强调句。ThankyousoItwassuchalovelyparty.Ireallyenjoyedit.【注意】ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingfor.RedArmyfoughtabattleonthisveryspot.That’sThat’stheverytextbookweusedlastterm.。//-双重否定微课例句：Noonecancommandotherswhocannotcommand双重否定即否定之否定。如果一句话中有两个否定词，而且从意义上互相抵消，则构成双重否定。（考点延伸）例句1：Thereexistsnolanguageordialectintheworldthatcannotconveycomplexideas.（选自2005年Text4）thatcannotconveycomplexideaslanguageordialect的定语从句。2ItwasnotfornothingthatIdiscussedthematterwithMr.Liufortwo译文：我与就此事讨论了两个小时，并不是毫无结果形式否定微课例句：AmancanneverhavetoomanyWecanhardlypraisehisachievementtooAmothercanneverbepatientenoughwithhernotnonevernonenothingnobodynowhere，neithernorhardlyseldomscarcely，barely，rarelylittlefew等，1Nowheredo1980censusstatisticsdramatizemoretheAmericansearchforspaciouslivingthanintheFarWest.（1998Text4）分析：该句是简单句，nowhere置于句首引起倒装。原句为：1980CensusstatisticsdramatizetheAmericansearchforspaciouslivinginnowheremorethantheFarWest.例句2：NoteveryoneagreesonthenumbersofAmericanswhoare（2006Useof译文：人们对无家可归者的人数并不能达成共识。3：Notallthatshiftcanbeattributedtothemovementoutofthesnow-belt，censusofficialssays.（选自1998Text4）否定转移微课例句：Idon’ttrustyoubecauseyouare在主从复合句中，否定词形式上否定主句谓语，其实否定从句谓语，在动believethinksupposeexpectassumefeelguessimagine等前not是否定其所引导从句的谓语。（考点延伸）1Idon'tthinkitadvisablethathe(should)beassignedtothejobsincehehasnoexperiencewhatsoever.分析：该句是复合句，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是thathe(should)beassignedtothejob。例句2Idon'tsupposethatanyonewillobjecttomyleavingfor译文：我认为没人会我去。第第四章列并列句定义由并列连词连接的两个或两个以上独立分句的句子就是并列句。并列句不能只用逗号隔开，而要用连接词或分号连接。微课例句：Myfatherisateacher,andmymotherisa并列句连词（考点延伸表示转折关系的并列连词有，while

tHetriedhardbuthewasunsuccessful.他尽了力,但是没有成功WehavestudiedEnglishforonlyayear,yetwecanactEnglishysI’mverybusytodaybutIwill tomorrow.Shehadfailedmanytimesneverthelessshewasconfidentshewouldsucceedintheend.她尽管失败了好几次，然而她对最后的成功充满信心。OurmathteacherisstrictwhileourEnglishteacherisoutgoing.例如Youhadbetterputoffyourjacket,foritistoohotoutside.你最好把夹克脱掉，Itmustbesnowing,forit’ssobrightoutside.Itwasalreadyratherlate,sowedecidedtogohome.天已经很晚了，所以我们Myfatheriscoming,soImuststayhereandwaitforhim.考研资料请关注酬勤站：并列连and(表示并列附加关系notonly…butalso连接两个并列例如：Promotephysicalcultureandbuildupthepeople’shealth.发展体育运动，增强Thisarticleiswell-writtenandyou’dbetterreadit.这篇文章写得很好，你最好Notonlyishehimselfinterestedincomputerbutalsohissonisbeginningtoshowaninterestinit.不仅他对电脑感，而且他的儿子也开始对电脑感。Notonlyeverythinghehadhadtakenawayfromhim,butalsohisGermancitizenshipwastakenawayfromhim.不仅他所有的一切被，而且就连他的并列连or/either…or(表示选择关系not…neither/nor也不”连接两个并列分句时，后一个句子要用倒装),（“也”后句要倒装。例如：EitheryouaremadorIammad).Eitheryoumustimproveyourworkorweshalldismissyou.要么你好好干，要Youhaveneverseenhimsince1993,norhaveI.1993Mr.Blackdoesnotsmoke,neither/nordoeshisson.先生不吸烟，他Shecandriveane,socanhe.她会开飞机，他也会开飞机Idon’twanttodoit,nor/neitherdoIwantyoutodoit.我不想做，我也不想要第第五章大从考研资料请关注酬勤站：/状语从句简介两个独立的句子中间用一些含义不同的连接词连接，表达两个句子之间的逻辑关系，就构成了状语从句。简单句+逻辑连接词 简单 IgotupIwaslateforBecauseIgotuplateIwaslateforschool.（原因状语从句IgotuplatesoIwaslateforschool.（结果状语从句状语从句常用逻辑关系词When/while/as/assoonas/until/if/although/asif/because/so/unless/状语从句的省略分词作状语发生形式上的变化，主动语态变成ing形式，若是语态，则保留过去分词。fromthehill,theschoollooksToWhen[Assoonas]themousesawthecat,itranoff.Givenmoretime,Iwouldbeabletocompleteit.Readingtheletter,sheburstout另：分词短语做状语时，可以保留相应的连词Afterhavingannoyedeverybody,hewent考研资料请关注酬勤站：/Althoughexhaustedbythewalk,hehis微课例句 differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothewithoutnoticingthemanyA. B.beingC. D.havingwe,comparewewe微课例句2withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskonA. B. C. D.To微课例句3Feelingthreatened,companiesrespondedbywritingever-longerwarninglabels,tryingtoanticipateeverypossibleaccident.微课例句Beinginterestedintherelationshipoflanguageandthought,Whorfdevelopedtheideathatthestructureoflanguagedeterminesthestructureofhabitualthoughtina//定语从句简介在复合句中修饰名词或代词，作定语的句子叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫“先行词”ItisTuTuHaominlikesyingwhoItisTuHaominwho(=TuHaomin)likesyingvolleyball.Heenjoysreadingnewspapers.Newspapers lhimalotofwhichwhich引导句子放在相同名词的后Heenjoysreadingnewspaperswhich(=newspapers) lhimalotofTheboyismybrother.Hehelpedme.=TheboywhohelpedmeismyThisisthemountainvillage.Ivisiteditlastyear.=Thisisthemountainvillagewhich/thatIvisitedlastThefactoryisoverMyfatherworkedinittenyears=Thefactorywhichmyfatherworkedintenyearsagoisover=ThefactoryinwhichmyfatherworkedtenyearsagoisoverThefactoryinwhich(=where)myfatherworkedtenyearsagoisoverThefactorywheremyfatherworkedtenyearsagoisoverHisfatherdiedthatyear.Hewasborninthatyear.=Hisfatherdiedthatyearwhichhewasborn=HisfatherdiedthatyearinwhichhewasHisfatherdiedthatyearinwhich(when)hewasborn.Hisfatherdiedthatyearwhenhewasborn.IcannotforgettheMyfamilymovedintothecityonthat=Icannotforgetthedaywhichmyfamilymovedintothecity=IcannotforgetthedayonwhichmyfamilymovedintotheIcannotforgetthedayonwhich(when)myfamilymovedintothecity.Icannotforgetthedaywhenmyfamilymovedintothecity.定语从句类型Hegotthefirstprize,whichisoutofmyHaveyoufinishedtheworkwhichtheteacherasked?Ihaveasisterwhoisanurse.Ihaveasister,whoisaAlltheGreekswhoarephilosophersareveryinligent.AlltheGreeks,whoarephilosophers,areveryinligent.定语从句的拆分TherearemanythousandsofstarsintheskythatareliketheSpaceandoceansarethenewworldwhichscientistsaretryingtoInourfactory,therearemanypeoplewhoaremuchinterestedinthenewinvention.Adriverwhoisdrivingthebusmustn’ttalkwithothersorbeabsent-minded.Theexinedthatthedifficultieswhichtheyfacedweretoo拆分步骤[关系词+1分ThechildwhoseparentsdiedinthecarcrashwasleftinthecareofhisThefirstcaseofbirdfluthatwasreportedinThailandcapturedtheattentionofofficialsfromWHO.Shehastheconfidencewithwhichshecan eeveryobstaclethatshemaycomeacrossinherlife.定语从句的省略Iknowthegirlwhocomesfrom主动语态时，动词变成-ING形式Iknowthegirlwhocomes(coming)from//Ioftenlikereadingshortnovelswhichwerewritten(written)byHemingway.IoftenlikereadingshortnovelswrittenbyHemingway.Iraiseadogwhichisnamed(named)KING.IraiseadognamedKING.Ibelievethecandidatewhomade(making)thespeechintheassemblyyesterdayissuretowinthesupport.Ibelievethecandidatemakingthespeechintheassemblyyesterdayissuretowinthesupport.微课例句AmericaandAmericanswereprosperousbeyondthedreamsoftheEuropeansandAsianswhoseeconomiesthewarhaddestroyed.微课例句Forawhile,itlookedasthoughthemakingofsemiconductors,whichAmericahadinventedandwhichsatattheheartofthenewcomputerage,wasgoingtobethenextcasualty.微课例句Peopleareabsorbedinto“acultureofconsumption”launchedbythe19th-centurydepartmentstoresthatoffered“vastarraysofgoodsinanelegant微课例句Theemphasisondatagatheredfirst-hand,combinedwithacross-broughttothe ysisofculturespastandpresent,makesthisstudyauniqueanddistinctlyimportantsocialscience.微课例句Asalinguist,heacknowledgesthatallvarietiesofhumanlanguage,includingnon-standardoneslikeBlackEnglish,canbepowerfullyexpressive—thereexistsnolanguageordialectintheworldthatcannotconveycomplexideas.微课例句ThistrendbeganduringtheSecondWorldWar,whenseveralernmentscametotheconclusionthatthespecificdemandsthataernmentwantstomakeofitsscientificestablishmentcannotgenerallybeforeseenindetail.1.名词性从句简介所谓名词性从句，就是把完整句子当作名词来使用，使之在另一个句子中这4种成分，于是便有了常说的四种名词从句:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。Iknowthetheearthis考研资料请关注酬勤站：/Iwanttoknowthe我们可以通过一张表格来总结名词性从句的构成主语从句简介which，whatever，whoever，以及how，when，where，why等词引导。主语从句微课例句Thatthecollegewilltakeinmorestudentsistrue.Whetherhewillcomeornothasn'tbeendecided.Whyheisn'thereisnotcleartoeveryone.it替代，而真正的主语从句置于句尾。Itisapitythatyoushouldhavetoleave.ItisclearthatthewholeprojectisduetoItissaidthatBushwillvisitourschoolnextItseemedcertainthathewillwinthe//表语从句简介表语从句微课例句isnolongerwhatsheusedtobe.Thequestioniswhoisresponsibleforwhathas宾语从句简介某些形容词如sure,happy,glad,certain,pleased等之后也可以带有宾语从句。宾语从句微课例句WemustfindoutwhodidallIwanttoknowwhetherhewillIhaveastronginterestinwhatheisgoingtodothat第九节名词性从句之同位语从句同位语从句简介同位语从句是对名词的内容给予具体、详细的说明的名词有fn,idtruthopuggtion,qution,robldoubt,f,bliftht,hn,hre等疑问词。同位语从句微课例句ThenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadthewholeTheproblemwhetherthenewreformwillbecarriedouthasn’tbeen Thesuggestionthatsheshouldstayintheroomisgood.Thesuggestionthatshehasgiveninthemeetingisgood. IhaveaquestionwhichhewillIhaveaquestionwhichhealsowantstoThequestionwhowilltakehisceisstillnotclear.Theboywhowaspraisedbytheteacherismybrother.DoyoustillrememberthedatewhenourcountrywontheDoyoustillrememberthequestionwhentheteacherwantstoknowtheresult.ThequestionwhetherweshouldcallinaspecialistwasansweredbythefamilyIhavenoideawhatsizeshoesshe微课例句Onlineculturethinkshighlyofthenotionthattheinformationflowingontothescreencomestherebyspecificrequest.微课例句2Thismayalsoexinwhywearenotusuallysensitivetoourownsmells——wesimplydonotneedtobe.微课例句Researchonanimalinligencealsomakesmewonderwhatexperimentsanimalswouldperformonhumansiftheyhadthechance.微课例句IthaslongbeenknownthatataxifirmcalledAAAAcarshasabigadvantageoverZodiaccarswhencustomersthumbthroughtheirphonedirectories.微课例句5Whatisoddisthattheyhaveperhapsmostbenefitedfromambition——ifnotalwaystheirownthenthatoftheirparentsandgrandparents.微课例句Tenyearsagoyoungpeoplewerehardworkingandsawtheirjobsastheirprimaryreasonforbeing,butnowJapanhaslargelyfulfilleditseconomicneeds,andyoungpeopledon'tknowwheretheyshouldgonext.//【参考译文】10年前，年轻人工作勤奋，将工作视为他们存在的主要拆分步and第二节实实战Somephilosophersarguethatrightsexistonlywithinasocialcontract,aspartofanexchangeofdutiesandentitlements.实战Theyaredifferentinthattheirelementsarearrangeddifferently,andeachvitaminperformsoneormorespecificfunctionsinthebody.//实战Evendemographicsareworkingagainstthemiddleclassfamily,astheoddsofhavingaweakelderlyparent—andalltheattendantneedforphysicalandfinancialassistance—havejumpedeightfoldinjustonegeneration.十几年内增长了8倍。实战Fromthemiddle-classfamily,muchofthis,understandably,looksfarlesslikeanopportunitytoexercisemorefinancialresponsibility,andagooddealmor