天津一中2023届高考适应性考试英语试卷含解析

2023年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Theconflictbetweeneconomicdevelopmentandenvironmentalprotection,ifnotappropriately_________,cancausedisastrousconsequencesindailylifesettings.A．beingmanaged B．tomanageC．managed D．managing2．Newideassometimeshavetowaitforyearsbefore_____.A．beingfullyacceptingB．fullyacceptingC．havingfullyacceptedD．fullyaccepted3．Itwasadifficultjobforhim.Hehadtriedeverythingbutitmadelittle________.A．use B．goodC．difference D．result4．Allthedishesinthismenu，_____otherwisestated，willservetwotothreepeople.A．as B．if C．though D．unless5．Thegovernmentshoulddevelopsystemtopredictwhenwildfiresoccurandgivewarningsintime.A．previous B．reliable C．reasonable D．responsible6．—Jack,myplanearrivesat8:30pmwhen,Isuppose,you______dinner.—ButIcanwait.A．willhave B．havehadC．willhavehad D．arehaving7．---CanyoucomeonMondayofTuesday？---I'mafraid__________dayispossible.A．either B．neitherC．some D．any8．Youneverreallyunderstandaperson________youconsiderthingsfromhispointofview.A．if B．onceC．as D．until9．—Thefoodhereisniceenough.—Myfriend________mearightplace.A．introduces B．introducedC．hadintroduced D．wasintroducing10．Pelehadbagsofnaturaltalent,buthe______withoutthedeterminationtodealwithalltheproblemslifethrewinhispath.A．wouldneversucceed B．neversucceededC．wouldneverhavesucceeded D．haveneversucceeded11．________andopentovariousinterpretations,thetermsofthenewproposalneedimprovingbasedontheinterestsofbothsides.A．AccessibleB．ApparentC．AmbiguousD．Aggressive12．______hislove,Chrissenthismomathank-younoteonMother’sDay.A．ExpressingB．ExpressedC．ToexpressD．Havingexpressed13．I______footballsinceIleftuniversity.A．didn’tplay B．don’tplayC．won’tplay D．haven’tplayed14．Alargenumberofexcellentfilms______allovertheworldoverthepastdecades.A．haveproduced B．havebeenproducedC．wereproduced D．produced15．—Irene,doyoureallywanttogoout?—Itmayrain.___________,Iwillgoout;Idon’tmindtherain.A．Anyhow B．OtherwiseC．Somehow D．Therefore16．Nodecision__A_aboutanyfutureappointmentuntilallthecandidateshavebeeninterviewed.A．willbemade B．ismadeC．isbeingmade D．hasbeenmade17．.Ididn’t________havingtodothecookingmyself,orIwouldhavelearntoneortwodishesfrommymom.A．expect B．anticipateC．forecast D．preview18．Morewildtigershavebeenseenintheforestaroundthisarea,____thereusedtobeveryfew.A．when B．where C．what D．which19．WhentheadmissionletterfromHarvardUniversityarrived,Ben'sparentswereandthrewabigparty.A．intheredB．tickledpinkC．aswhiteasasheetD．inabluemood20．Whenshewasintrouble,IdidwhatIcouldtohelpher．__________myhelp,shewrotemealetterofthanks．A．Inhonorof B．Incaseof C．Intermsof D．Inreturnfor第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）HongKongMuseumofArtEstablishedin1962,thepurposeofHongKongMuseumofArtistopreservetheculturalheritageofChinawithalocalfocus.HongKongMuseumofArtfeaturesmorethan15000differentobjectsofancientChineseartfromHantoQingDynasty.StandardticketHK$10;Students,Seniors,DisabledHK$5;FreeadmissiononWednesday!OpeningHours:10:00am-6:00pm(Mon,Tues,Wed,Fri,Sun);10:00am-8:00pm(Sat);ClosedonThursday(exceptPublicHolidays)Phone:+(852)27210116HongKongSpaceMuseumItisoneofthelargestplanetariumsintheworld.Openedin1980,themuseumsuniqueegg-shapeddomestructureaddedanotherfamousarchitecturalhighlighttoHongKong.StandardticketHK$10;Students,Seniors,DisabledHK$5;FreeadmissiononWednesdayOpeningHours:1:00pm-9:00pm(Mon,Wed,Thur,Fri);10:00am-9:00pm(Sat,SunandPublicHolidays);ClosedonTuesday(exceptPublicHolidays)Phone:+(852)27210226HongKongScienceMuseumItopenedin1991andcoversawiderangeofscienceandtechnologyandincontrasttotraditionalmuseums,theHongKongScienceMuseumencouragesitsvisitorstoactivelyparticipate,exploreandexperiencetheexhibitions.Especiallyforkidsthisisagreatlearningandfunopportunity.StandardticketHK$25;Students,Seniors,DisabledHK$12.5;FreeadmissiononWednesday!OpeningHours:1:00pm-9:00pm(Mon,Tues,Wed,Fri);10:00am-9:00pm(Sat,SunandPublicHolidays);ClosedonThursday(exceptPublicHolidays)Phone:+(852)27323232HongKongMuseumofHistoryEstablishedin1975,itisnotonlyahighlightforhistorylovers,butalsoforthearchitecturalenthusiasts.On17500squaremeters,themuseumpreservesanddisplays6000yearsofHongKonghistory.StandardticketHK$10;Students,Seniors,DisabledHK$5;FreeadmissiononWednesday!OpeningHours:10:00am-6:00pm(Mon,Wed–Sat);10:00am-07:00pm(SunandPublicHolidays);ClosedonTuesday(exceptPublicHolidays)Phone:+(852)27249042（307词）1、HowmuchdoesitcostsforacoupletovisitHongKongSpaceMuseumonFriday?A．HK$10B．HK$5C．HK$15D．HK$202、HowisHongKongScienceMuseumdifferentfromtheothers?A．Ithasuniqueegg-shapeddomestructure.B．Visitorscantakepartintheexhibitionsactively.C．IthelpstopreservethehistoryofHongKong.D．PeoplecanlearnthehistoryofHongKong.3、WhatdotheMuseumsmentionedinthetexthaveincommon?A．Theiropeningtimearethesame.B．Theyallopenfreelyonpublicholidays.C．Theirfreeadmissiondaysarethesame.D．Theyareallintendedforhistorylovers.22．（8分）Oursocietyisgenerallybecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,Nell-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human-relations”experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblueandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob;theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionofinterestinglife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasfortherightmixtureofobedienceandindependence.Fromthemomentontheyaretestedagainandagain–bythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellowcompetitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century“freeenterprise”capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemformabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionendsinahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities–thoseofallloveandofreason–aretheaimsofsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.1、By“awell-oiledcoginthemachinery”theauthorintendstodelivertheideathatmanis______.A．anecessarypartthoughthefunctionofeachisinsignificantB．workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofsocietyC．anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofsocietyD．airreplaceablecomponentofsocietywhenworkingsmoothly2、Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat________.A．theyaremorelikelytolosetheirpresentworkB．theyhavenorealsatisfactionorinterestinlifeC．theyareconfrontedwiththefundamentalrealitiesD．theyaredeprivedofindividualityandindependence3、Fromthepassagewecanconcludethatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothose_______.A．whoalwaysliveatthebottomofthesocietyB．whotendtobehigherupintheirsocialstatusC．whoprovebetterthantheirfellowcompetitorsD．whocoulddipfarawayfromthiscompetitiveworld4、Theauthor’sattitudetowardsindustrialismmightbestbesummarizedasoneof_______.A．approval B．dissatisfaction C．suspicion D．sensibility23．（8分）Companionplantingistheideathatsomekindsofplantscanhelpeachothergrow.Plantsthatarecompatible（兼容的，能共处的）togethergenerallyhavesimilarneedsintermsofnutrients，soilandmoisturelevels.Adviceaboutwhichplantsarecompatibleissometimesbasedmoreontraditionthanproof.Butexpertssaythereisevidencetosupportcertaincombinations.Thesecanimproveharvests，reducediseaseandhelpwithpestcontrolbyattractinghelpfulinsects.Forexample，somekindsofsoilbacteriatakenitrogenfromtheairandmakeitintoaformthatplantscanuse.Theplantsholdthenitrogenintheirroots.Legumes(豆科植物)areespeciallygoodatthisnitrogen(氮)fixing.Thenanycropsthatsharethesamespacewiththelegumescangetthenitrogenwhentherootsarebrokendown.Beansandpotatoescanalsoshareterritorywellbecausetheirrootsreachdifferentlevelsinthesoil.Deep-rootedvegetablesgetnutrientsandmoisturefromlowerdowninthesoil，sotheydonotcompletewithplantswithshallowerroots.Butsomeplantsplacedtogethermayharmeachother'sdevelopment.Forexample，tomatoesdonotlikewetsoilbutwatercressdoes，soyouwouldprobablywanttokeepthemseparated.Somekindsofproduceshouldbekeptapartevenafterbeingharvested.Thisisbecauseofethylenegas(乙烯气体)．Ethyleneisaplanthormone(激素)thatcancausesomefoodstoripentooquickly.Applesreleaseethylenegas.Apricots，melonsandtomatoesalsoreleasealotofethylene.Somevegetablesareeasilyaffectedbyethylene，includingasparagus，broccoli，cabbageandcucumbers.Thisriskofripeningtoosooniswhymarketsoftenseparatehighethylene-producingfoodsfromthosethataresensitivetothegas.Butifyouputanappleinabagwithagreenbanana，theethylenefromtheapplewillmakethebananareadytoeatsooner.Whataboutpeaches，plumsandnectarines?Thesekindsoffruitdonotneedanyhelpfromanapple—theyreleaseenoughethylenetoripenthemselves.Butthatdoesnotmeanthereisnowaytogetthejobdonefaster.Growerssuggestplacingthefruitinafruitbowlorinapaperbagwiththetopfoldedover.Keepthefruitatroomtemperature，outofdirectsunlight.Oncethefruitissoftenough，eitheruseitorputitintherefrigeratortokeepitfromgettingtooripe.1、Companionplantingreferstotheideathat．A．somecropscangrowtogethertobenefiteachotherB．somecropshavethesimilarneedsofnutrients，soilandwaterlevelC．someplantscandamageeachotherifgrowntogetherD．agoodfarmingmethodtopreventnaturaldisasters2、Accordingtothetext，cannotgrowtogether.A．beansandpotatoes B．tomatoesandwatercressC．legumesandcorns D．riceandsugarcane3、Whatisthefunctionofethylene?A．Toimprovethequalityoffruits. B．Toproduceapoisonousgas.C．Tokeepvegetablesfresh. D．Tomakefruitsripeearlier.4、Thetextismostlikelytobetakenfrom．A．anewspaperofmedicine B．amagazineofbiologyC．ajournalofagriculture D．atravelreport24．（8分）Postmenarealltoousedtokeepinganeyeoutforthethreatofdogs.ButinaseasidetowninNorthWales，theyhavebeenforcedtotakecoverfromanunexpectedthreatseagulls.Theyhavecomplainedthatthebirdshavebecomesoterrifyingthatdeliveriestosomestreetshavebeensuspended.YesterdayresidentsofAbergeleagreedtheseagullswerefearlessbutsaidtheywereangryatlosingtheirdailypost.Roberts,whoworksasasafetyadviser，liveswheretheattackshavetakenplace.“Lastweek，wenoticedwehadn’tgotanymailforwhatwethoughtwasaweek，butit’shardtotellbecauseyoudon’talwaysknowifyou’redueanymail，”shesaid.“WeputsomethingonFacebookaskingifanyoneelsehadnothadtheirpost...OneofmyFacebookfriendssaidapostmanhadrefusedtodeliverbecauseoftheseagulls.”RoyalMailsaidthatdeliverieshadbeeninterruptedbecauseofthepostmanexperiencingattacksbyseagullsashedeliveredmailonhisroundthereoverthepastfewweeks,addingthatthepostmangotpeople’smailthroughwheneveritwassafe.“Weknowthatthesekindsofattacksdohappenatthistimeofyearacrossthecountryastheyarenesting，’’shesaid.RoyalMailapologizedtothecustomersaffectedandpromisedtocontinuetomonitorthesituationeveryday，butinthemeantimesomearehavingtotraveltoneighbouringRhyltocollectmailfromthedeliveryofficethere.Butherecommendspreventinggullsnestingonroofsinadvancebyputtingupnets,andifallelsefails,walkingwithanumbrellaupduringworst-affectedareas.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“suspended”mostprobablymean?A．Increased.B．Paused.C．Printed.D．Decreased.2、TheresidentsofAbergelearenothappybecause________.A．theseagullsaresoterrifyingB．thedogsaresothreateningC．theydon'treceivetheirpostontimeD．theseagullsarestealingtheirpost3、WhydidDebbieRobertsputsomethingonFacebook?A．Toknowifanyoneelsehadthesameexperience.B．Toofferadvicetodealwiththeseagulls.C．Toavoidbeingattackedbyseagulls.D．Toanswerquestionsaboutsafety.4、What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Seagullsliketostealresidents’post.B．Postmen’ssafetyisthreatenedbyseagulls.C．ResidentsofAbergeleareafraidofseagulls.D．Dailypostisdelayedbecauseofseagulls’attack.25．（10分）Parentstendtofavourchildrenofonesexincertainsituations—orsoevolutionarybiologiststellus.Anewstudyusedcoloredbackpacksalesdatatoshowthatparentalwealthmayinfluencespendingonsonsdifferentfromdaughters.In1973biologistRobertTriversandcomputerscientistDanWillardpublishedapapersuggestingthatparentsinvest(投入)moreresources,suchasfoodandeffort,inmalechildrenwhentimesaregood,andinfemalechildrenwhentimesarebad.AccordingtotheTrivers-Willardhypothesis(假说),asongivenlotsofresourcescanbecomeagentleman—butparentswithfewresourcestendtoinvestthemindaughters,whogenerallyfinditeasiertobeafairmaiden.Studyingparentalinvestmentafterbirthisdifficult,however.Thenewstudylookedforastandardofmeasurementofsuchinvestmentthatmetseveralcriteria:itshouldn’tbeaffectedbysexdifferencesintheneedforresources;itshouldmeasureinvestmentratherthanoutcomes;anditshouldbeobjective.StudyauthorShigeSong,asociologistatQueensCollege,CityUniversityofNewYork,examinedspendingonpinkandbluebackpackspurchasedinChinain2015fromalargeretailer,JD．com.Henarrowedthedatatoabout5,000bags:bluebackpacksboughtbyfamiliesknowntohaveatleastoneboyandpinkonesboughtbyfamiliesknowntohaveatleastonegirl.Theresultsshowedthatwealthierfamiliesspentmoreonbluethanpinkbackpacks—suggestinggreaterinvestmentinsons.Poorerfamiliesspentmoreonpinkpacksthanblueones.ThefindingswerepublishedinEvolutionandHumanBehavior.Song’sevidencefortheTrivers-Willardhypothesisis“indirect”but“prettyconvincing,”saysRosemaryHopcroft,asociologistatthe.UniversityofNorthCarolinaatCharlotte,whowasnotconnectedwiththenewstudy.Hopcroftreportedin2016thatU.S.fatherswithhigh-statusoccupationsweremorelikelytosendtheirsonstoprivateschoolthantheirdaughters,whilefatherswithlower-statusjobsmoreoftenenrolledtheirfemalechildren.Althoughthenewstudydoesnotprovethefamilieswerebuyingthebluebackpacksforboysandpinkonesforgirls,Hopcroftnotesthat“it’sacleverandinterestingpaper,andit’saratherunusualuseofbigdata.”1、WhatdoesthewriterintendtodoinParagraph2?A．Introduceanearlierstudy.B．Identifychildren’sneeds.C．Assesstheinfluenceofastudy.D．Exploreintoparentalinvestment.2、Whatoffersachallengeforthenewstudy?A．Theinvestmentmeetingseveralcriteria.B．Themeasurementofeventualoutcomes.C．Differentdemandsforresourcesbetweensexes.D．Consistentstandardsinmeasuringparentalinvestment.3、WhatcanbelearnedfromSong’sresearch?A．Thenewstudywasdonein2015.B．Bigdatawassampledforresearch.C．Preferencewasofferedtoconsumers.D．Bluepackswerefavoredoverpinkones.4、WhichofthefollowingislikelytomatchHopcroft’sremarkonSong’sresearch?A．It’sentertaining. B．It’swell-designed.C．It’sunbelievable. D．It’sunusual.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Weallhavestormsthroughourlives.Butwehavenorighttomakeeveryoneelsesufferwithourown1ThecarpenterI2tohelpmerestoreanoldfarmhousehadjustfinisheda(n)3firstdayonthejob.Aflattiremadehimloseanhourofwork,hiselectricsawquit,andnowhistruck4tostart.WhileIdrovehimhome,hesatinstony5.Onarriving,heinvitedmeintomeethisfamily.Aswewalkedtowardthefrontdoor,hepaused6atasmalltree,7tipsofthebrancheswithbothhands.Whenopeningthedoor,heunderwenta(n)8transformation.Histannedfacewaswreathedinsmiles,andhe9histwosmallchildrenandgavehiswifeakiss.Thenextdaymy10drovemetoaskhimaboutwhatIhadseen.“Oh,that’smytroubletree,”hereplied.“IknowIcan’t11havingtroublesonthejob,butthetroublesdon’t12tothehousewithmyfamily.SoIjust13themuponthetree.TheninthemorningIpickthemupagain.”“14thingis,”hesmiled,“whenIcomeoutinthemorningtopickthemup,therearen’tnearlyas15asIrememberthenightbefore.”Putting16aroundourproblemsisareallygoodidea---itpreventsourdifficultiesfromspillingoverontolovedpeople,whocan’tdoanythingaboutourproblems.Why17themiftheycan’thelpus?So,plantyourselfatroubletreeoutsideanduseit18youcomehome.Begratefulthatyouhavelovedonestogohometo19yourlovedoneissimplyyourbeloveddog.Andwhenyoupickedupyourtroublesonthewayeachmorning,be20thatthey’renotasheavyastheywerethenightbefore.1、A．unhappiness B．mistakes C．helplessness D．carelessness2、A．informed B．hired C．trusted D．recommended3、A．enjoyable B．smooth C．rough D．dull4、A．intended B．desired C．hesitated D．refused5、A．amazement B．astonishment C．embarrassment D．silence6、A．regularly B．unusually C．briefly D．directly7、A．cutting B．damaging C．watching D．touching8、A．exciting B．amazing C．confusing D．annoying9、A．hugged B．greeted C．thanked D．waved10、A．preference B．sufferings C．curiosity D．doubt11、A．avoid B．consider C．continue D．stand12、A．lack B．belong C．exist D．stay13、A．set B．throw C．give D．hang14、A．Sad B．Terrible C．Funny D．Ridiculous15、A．many B．few C．good D．light16、A．defence B．boundaries C．sympathy D．secret17、A．burden B．equip C．expose D．entertain18、A．however B．whenever C．wherever D．whatever19、A．solongas B．nowthat C．evenif D．incase20、A．shameful B．proud C．astonished D．grateful第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Itseemsthatartificial1．(intelligent)candomuchmorethanwhatwehaveeverimagined.Fromcontrollingthelightinginourhomesto2．(help)usorderpizza,AIhasbecomeanimportantpartofoureverydaylife.Butwhataboutthemorecreativeworksofmankind?Art,music,poetry-theseareinspirednotbylogicorreason,3．byemotion.In2017,researchersinSwitzerlandcreatedthe“deepartificialcomposer(DAC)”,4．cancreateoriginalmusicallby5．(it).Thescientiststraineditto“listen”toover2,000differentfolksongsand6．(base)onthisinput,theAItaughtitselfhowtogetthepitch(音高)andtimingandchoosetherightnotes.Besidesmusic,AIalready7．(enter)theworldofpoetryaswell.In2018,ChineseandJapaneseresearcherswroteanAIprogramthatusesimagestowritepoems.Thenthepoemsweresentto500humanjudges,whowereaskedtotell8．theywerewrittenbyahumanoracomputer.Theresultshowedthatas9．as200judgesmistakenlythoughttheywerewrittenbyahuman.Soifyouwere10．artistoramusician,wouldyouwatchout?第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均限一词;2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。LastSunday,Itidiedupmyroomandspotmyalbums、Ilookedthroughthem,recallingthemomentIhadexperienced---thebestandworseyearsofmylife、IstoppedatapicturetakingwhenIhadmyfirstfootballmatch、Ifeltsuchnervousthen,becauseitwasthefirsttimethatIhadaskedtoplaybythecoach、Yourjobwastocooperatewith