英语论文威尼斯商人人物分析

.../...摘要《威尼斯商人》是莎士比亚著名喜剧之一,而剧中的夏洛克更是一个经典形象,被人们一次次的分析。以前,尤其是16世纪,许多人认为夏洛克贪婪、自私、残酷、狡猾,而他的结局正是这部戏剧称为喜剧的一个原因。但是随着时间的发展,人们开始重新认识夏洛克,发现从夏洛克角度看是一个悲剧。夏洛克还有一些以前没被人们发现的特征：聪明、坦诚、勇敢、富有民族精神,这些特征慢慢地被人们发现。另外,论文分析了造成夏洛克悲剧结局的原因。关键词：夏洛克；宗教；法律；历史；悲剧AbstractTheMerchantofVeniceisoneofShakespeare’smostfamouscomedyintheworld.WhileShylockisaclassicalfigureandanalyzedagainandagain.Before,especiallyin16thcentury,manypeoplethinkShylockwasagreedy,selfish,cruelandsoon,andhisfinalresultisareasonthatthisplayiscalledcomedy.Astimesgoesby,peoplebegintore-analyzeShylock.TheyfoundwhenweanalyzethisplayfromShylock’sangle,itisatragedy.Shylockalsohasothercharacterswhichwasnotdiscoveredbeforeandgraduallyacceptednow,suchas:clever,frank,courageous,richnationalspirit.Inaddition,thispapertalksomereasonswhyShylockhadatragicresult.Keywords:Shylock,Religion,Law,History,Tragedy...ContentsTOC\o"1-2"\h\z\u1.SocialBackground11.1TheHistoryoftheJewish11.2TheJewishQuestionReflectedinTheMerchantofVenice22.AnAnalysisofShylock’sCharacters42.1HatefulShylock42.2DifferentShylock–fromanotherangle53.TheReasonsthatCauseShylockhaveDiversifiedCharacter73.1Religion73.2Law93.3SocialandEconomicFactors103.4FamilyandotherReasons114.Conclusion13Notes14Bibliography15Acknowledgements16MyEvilNotMyFault——AnAnalysisoftheImageofShylock1.SocialBackground1.1TheHistoryoftheJewishThisisanoldnationality,andcomesintotheworldwiththebornoftheJudaism.TheystartinArabia,andlivetheirlifealongwiththefloatgrassatfirst.Later,theybecamethefarmingnation.In586BC,manyJewsdescentinto‘BabylonianExile’,andweredispersedallovertheworld.IntheperiodruledbyRome,EmperorCaracallaofRomepromulgatedlawstoalleviateethniccontradictionsin212AD,whichmadetheJewshavethecivilrightofRomeinlaw.ButwiththetimesofRomeendingandtheNordicinvading,theJewsandtheRomecitizenbecamethe‘denizen’.Later,moreandmoreTeutonsChristianise,becameChristians.Thus,theboundarybetween‘denizens’andTeutonsweredisappearinglittlebylittle,theybecameabigfamilywhichallthemembersbelievetheChristian.ButfortheJews,theyinsistontheirbeliefandrefusetoacceptChristianity.Beyondallquestion,thiskindofbehaviormadethema‘denizen’foreverbythoseChristian,althoughtheyescapedfromagriculture,smartJewswerestillactiveinvariousindustriesincity.Untilthe11thcentury,becausemanycountriesinEuropebegantorevitalizing,astheweakforce,theJewscan’tcompetewiththem.Thus,inordertolive,someoftheJewshaveengagedinusury.ButthisbehaviormadeChristianhavemorereasonstoscornthem,forChristians’outlook,usuryisaviolationoftheteachings.TheyconsideredtheJewsjustgotothers’achievement.Butwhat’smoremiserable,therulersofEuropeancountries,throughlevyheavytax,confiscationofproperty,andallkindsofmeanstocheat,robbedthewealthoftheJews.Thismademoneybecomemoreandmoreimportantbecausethemoneyistheonlypassportforthemtoliveinsuchoppressedworld.FromtheMiddleAgestoearlymoderntimes,manyfolktalesandsongswerepopularwiththeJewishstoryoftheassassinationofChristianchildren.IntheeraofEdwardI<1265-1307>inEngland,EdwardusedtoexpeltheJews,butlater,manyJewsstayedinEnglandinordertoescapepersecutionbySpanishreligiouscourt.TheseJewsformedasmallarea.In1594years,Elizabeth’sphysician—PortugueseJewsLopezwasaccusedofpoisoningqueeninsidiouslyandhewasinterrogated.AlthoughwhenLopezstoodnexttothegallows,heswornhewasloyaltytothequeenandsaidheworshippedJesusChristasthequeen,butinLondon,whethertheywerenobleorcommonpeople,peoplealltendedtobelievethatLopezwasguilty.ThiswasjustbecausehewasaJew,formanyprejudicewerestillkeptfullyandmajesticallyintheMiddleAges.1.2TheJewishQuestionReflectedinTheMerchantofVeniceThefilmTheMerchantofVenicetellsussomeinformationatbegin"IntoleranceoftheJewswasafactof16thcenturylifeeveninVenice,themostpowerfulandliberalcitystateinEurope.BylawtheJewswereforcedtoliveintheoldwalledfoundryor‘Geto’areaofthecity.AftersunsetthegatewaslockedandguardedbyChristians.InthedaytimeanymenleavingtheghettohadtoweararedhattomarkhimasaJew."ThefactofsocialconditioninEnglandin16thcenturywassimilartothefilmdescribedscene.Atthattime,Christianwasinthedriver’sseat,theJewshadtheirownbelief,sotheyhavenotsocialstatusandusuallywerepersecuted.Fromtheeconomicaspect,theJewswereprohibitedtopossessland,theywerenotallowedtohavehouseproperty,becausethoseChristiansandofficialswouldconfiscatetheirproperty,sotheyhadtobeasapettydealer,someofthempracticedusury—thelendingofmoneyatinterest.Thismadethemhavelittlecashandcouldsurvive.Inlaw,manydecreeswerebadfortheJews.AsPortiasaidinthedramaItisenactedinthelawsofVenice,IfitbeprovedagainstanalienThatbydirectorindirectattemptsHeseekthelifeofanycitizen,Theparty'gainstthewhichhedothcontriveShallseizeonehalfhisgoods;theotherhalfComesotheprivycofferofthestate;Andtheoffender’slifeliesinthemercyOfthedukeonly,'gainstallothervoiceeq\o\ac<○,1><Act=4\*romanivScene=1\*romani>.Inaddition,"Jew"hasanothermeaninginEnglish,suchascheapskate,usurer,profiteer.Fromthis,wecouldseethepeople’streatmenttotheJewsinthattime.2.AnAnalysisofShylock’sCharactersAsweknow,Shakespeareisamasternomatterpastornow,heleftmanywealthforpeople.Timeandagain,hisworkhavebeenappreciated.Shakespeare’sShylockimageisfreshforeverasotherclassicalfigures.Peoplereadit,consideritagainandagain.Following,itismyopinionaboutShylock.2.1HatefulShylockBefore,especiallyin16thcentury,thisdramawasacomedynomatterfromwhichside,becausethreepairsoflovershaveperfectresults.ButShylockasanevildoerhasbeenpunished.Intheeraofracialdiscrimination,Shylock’sfinalresult,withoutdoubt,it’sagoodthingforclappingandcheering.WhilethewordswhichdescribeShylockaredisdainful:greed,cunning,cruelandsoon.LikeShylocksaid,manyChristiansandpeoplewillsaythesameasAntoniosaid"misbeliever,cut-throatdog".SuchShylock,peoplewilllistmanyreasonsandfactstoillustratehowbadhewas.HehatesAntonioobviously,andwantstorevengebychance,sohesignsthecontractwhichhewillcutapoundofAntonio’smeatifhecouldn’treturnmoneyontime.ThiswillkillAntoniopossiblyandsolvetheproblemaboutwhichhealwaysworried.Butheartfullysaid"Isay,tobuyhisfavor,Iextendthisfriendship:Ifhewilltakeit,so;ifnot,adieu;formylove,Iprayyouwrongmenot"eq\o\ac<○,2><Act=1\*romaniScene=3\*romaniii>.Beinggreedyandstingy,hereprimandshisservantgreedyandtreatshisdaughteralsostringy.WhenheknowshisdaughterescapedwithaChristian,andtakeshimmanyducats,Shylockshoutedinthestreet"Mydaughter!Oh,myducats!"andcurses"Iwouldmydaughterweredeadatmyfoot,andthejewelsinherear!Wouldshewerehearsedatmyfoot,andtheducatsinhercoffin!"eq\o\ac<○,3><Act=3\*romaniiiScene=1\*romani>.Certainly,peoplethinktheworstplacewasthathecrowsoverAntonio’sshipweresunk,peoplepersuadedhim,buthesaid"Gaoler,looktohim:tellmeofmercy;Thisthefoolthatlentoutmoneygratis"eq\o\ac<○,4><Act=3\*romaniiiScene=3\*romaniii>.WhenBassaniowantstoreturnhimtwo,threetimesmoney,herefusesandinsistsoncarryingoutthecontract.Withthedevelopmentoffightingagainstracism,andtheHolocaustbyHitlerduringtheWorldWarⅡ,gradually,thetopicabouttheJewswerenolongerajoke.PeoplefoundTheMerchantofVeniceisnotjustacomedy.WhenweanalyzingitfromShylock,itisatragedy.Moreover,Shylock’stragedyisnolongerajoke,peoplebegantore-analysis.Heisgreedy,becauseheisabusiness;heisausurer,andthisresultsfromsocialconditions.HeiscrueltoAntonio,becausehehatesAntonio,andAntoniospitsonandcurseshim,andthatheborrowsmoneywithoutinterest.ButthesearepartsofShylock’scharacters.Weshouldanalysefromotherpointofview.2.2DifferentShylock–fromanotherangleInthefilm,Shylock’sfirstappearancewasreviledbyAntonio.Forthesituation,ifyouareShylock,whatwillyoudo?Forthemostpart,youwillfightback.Butinthatsocialcondition,manypeoplehatetheJews,andpushouttheusurerlikeShylock.LikeShylocksaidintheplay"forsufferanceisthebudgeofallourtribe"eq\o\ac<○,5><Act=1\*romaniScene=3\*romaniii>.Whathedoesisjustwipehisfacewithhissleeve,andwatchatAntonio’sbackwiththehatefulfeelinginhiseyes.Why,asanancientChinesesaying"Alittleimpatience,agreatship",facingAntonio,howdoesShylocktousetofightagainstAntonio?Hecandoonlywithpatience.Thereisnomuchjusticeinsociety,IthinkShylockhasagoodcharacter—endurance,justforthischaractermakehimprocessmanyducatsinthattime.Forthesecondtime,BassanioborrowsmoneyfromShylock."Threethousandducats;well?","Forthreemonths;well?","Threethousandducats,forthreemonthsand,Antoniobound?"eq\o\ac<○,6><Act=1\*romaniScene=3\*romaniii>.FromthesewordsandShylockhesitates,wecouldseecleverShylockknowsBassaniolacksubstanceandhasnoabilitytoreturnmoney,butwhenheknowsAntoniobounded,herecognizesthatthechancecomes.Buthedoesn’tdirectlyfightagainstAntonio.HelistsanexampleofJacobandsayssomecomplainingwords,declared"Andthriftisblessing,ofmenstealisnot."eq\o\ac<○,7><Act=1\*Arabic1Scene=3\*romaniii>,thentalkaboutAntoniowhospitsonandcursedhim,buthisnationalspiritmakeshimtolerant.Inthistime,IthinkShylockmustthinklikethat:Now,youwantborrowmoneyfromme,whatwillIdo?HowcanIletyougosoeasily?HemakesAntoniosignsthecontract,andshowshisfriendlywordstoAntonio.HowcouldyousayShylockisn’tclever?Inthewholedrama,Shylockwasthemostfrankman.Henevermaskhisgreed.Inthemarket,hecanloudlysayhehatesAntonio,"Morethanalodg’dhateandacertainloathingIbearAntonio,thatIfollowthusalosingsuitagainsthim","Iamnotboundtopleasetheewithmyanswer"eq\o\ac<○,8><Act=4\*romanivScene=1\*romani>.Likewhathesaid,hejustdidhimself,didn’twanttopleaseothers.WhenBassaniowantedtoreturnhimmoneytwo,threetimes,herefused,andinsistedoncuttingapoundofAntonio’smeat.Ithinkitisonlytherespecttothecontract,butalsotheexpressionofnationalspiritthattheoppressedfightagainsttheChristians.Atthesametime,hehadencouragetofacethefailureandthemisfortune,hecoulddefypower,insistonsettlingtheproblembylaw.Althoughhefailed,hedidn’taskforsomething,forPortia’sintercede,hesaid"Nay,takemylifeandall;Pardonnotthat"eq\o\ac<○,9><Act=4\*romanivScene=1\*romani>.Facedwiththefinalresultoflossfreedomofbelief,hesaidnothingandagreedtosign.Inaddition,Shylockwasthemostpitifulman.Heloveshisdaughter,butsheleaveshim,andtakesawaylotsofmoney.Hisonlysouvenir—turquoise,thisisthepresentsentbyhissweetwifewhentheyhadnotmarried,buthisdaughterusesittotradeawildmonkey.Shylockwasoriginallyveryconfidenttowinthelawsuit,butlostfinally,andlostallthemoneyandforcedtochangehisreligion.3.TheReasonsthatCauseShylockHasDiversifiedCharacterFromaboveanalysiswecanseeShylockhasvariouscharacters.WhenweseefromChristian,Shylockisacruel,cunningJewandagreedy,stringyusurer.HisresultisAntonio’stolerance.ButwhenweseefromtheangleoftheJewsandagainstracialdiscrimination,IwanttosayShylockwasclever,frank,richnationalspirit,ofcourse,hehadabusinessman’scharacteristics.Shylockwascomplex,andthereasonarevarious.3.1ReligionTheJewsandChristiansJudaismandChristianitycomesfromthesamereligion,theywerebothborninHolyCityofJerusaleminPalestine,butChristianitycamefromJudaism,andoriginallyitisabranchofJudaismfaction.IntheearlymillenniumBC,Judaismwasbornintheprocessof"theProphetMovement"inPalestinian,whichisbasedonpolytheisminprimitivesocietyanddevelopedgradually.JewsworshiptheLordandrecognizeditas"theonlytrueGod".TheydeclaredtheJewsistheLord"selectedsubjects".BeforeorafterhundredofyearsinAD,theyproclaimedtheJewswillberescuedby"theSavior".Afterthe2ndcenturyAD,theChristianitywhosemembersweremostlythelaboringmassesandalwaysundersuppresshasbeenchangedinnature,becausemanyrichmenjoineditandgraduallytooktheleadershipoftheChristianity.Theybegantowalkamoderateline,andpaidattentiontolove"loveyourenemy","sufferinjurybutnothreateningwords",etc.Sothereligionwasnolongerathreatfortherulers.Instead,itbecameatoolwhichusedbytherulers.Later,thelocationofChristianitybecomethestatereligionbytheRomeEmperor.Later,alltherulerslikedit.Thus,ChristianitydevelopedrapidlyinEurope,andevenallovertheworld.TheprocesswhichChristianityfromillegaltolegalistherefectionwhichtheincreasingincisivecontradictionbetweenChristianityand"motherreligion".Inordertobepowerful,inordertohavemoreforceandChristians,theyvilifiedtheJewsinpublic.TheyputasidetheJewishBiblecalledtheOldTestament,andcalledanotherpartwhichChristianaddedastheNewTestament.Thismeansthattheywantedtotellpeople,thecontractbetweenGodandtheJewshadpast,GodhassignedanewcontractwithChristian.TheypreachedJesuswastheMessiah,andaccusedtheJewsofbeingconnectedwiththedevil,anddrivenbythedevil.TheytoldtheJewswasthemanwhoGodhateshimandkilledtheProphet.Inalltheaccusations,themostmaliciousandthemostfar-readingeffectisthecorepartoftheagainsttheJewsintheNewTestament—AsdisciplesofJews,JudasbetrayedJususfor30ducats.ItistheJewswhomadetheJesuscrucified.FacingtherapiddevelopmentofChristianity,JudaismwaslimitedtothedevelopmentofthemembersintheJews,andtheJudaismbecamethereligionoftheJews.Theythinkoutsideofthe"Godallowed"landastabernacle.TheJewsdidn’trecognizedthatJesusistheMessiah,anddidnotthinktheMessiahhadcomeyet.Theyshouldcontinuetowait.TheseopinionwereoppositetotheChristiansidea.ChristianssaidtheJesuswasthesonofGod,andJesuswastheMessiah.AllthepeoplewhobelievetheGodwashis"voters".Fortheoppositeconcept,formanyofthegreatpowersthantheirownforce,whatJewsfacedwasonlybeaten.Shylock’sTragedyCausedbyReligionTheChristiansconsideredtheJewswasmaliciousandtheyharmedJesusfromtheNewTestamentandotherbooksonreligion.ForsuchJewswhodon’tbelieveJesus,ChristianstreatedtheJewscertainlybad,theyhatedtheJews,anddiscriminatedtheJewsmerits,especiallyShylockwhowastheusurerwhileheisaJew.So,howcouldtheyfoundthejusticeintheworldruledbyChristianity.InthehistoryoftheJews’development,theywereconnectedwith"vagrant","persecuted","discriminated".TheJewshadn’tstatusnomatterinwhicheconomicandinwhichsocietyintheMiddleAges.Theyweredeprivedoftherighttoengageinproperjob.Theycouldn’tgointobusinesslikecommonpeople.Theyhadnolandandnofixedabode.Buttheywereaskedforleviedvariousunreasonabletaxes,orevenconfiscatedproperty.Iftheygavebirthtothechild,theyhadtopayfortax.Evenwithoutchild,theyalsohadtopay.Forthem,thechancewhichcouldsurvivewereslim.Someofthemwhohadlittleducatswouldchooseasausurer,butthisjobwashatedbytheruler.IntheeyesoftheChristian,asifJewslikedtodothisjobinherently,asifJewsnaturallywereamiser,greedyghost,cold-bloodedcruelanimal,asifJewswereinferiorraceandthedevilfromtheywereborn.TheythinktheJesusteachesthem"tolerance",sotheydidn’twanttoseeAntonio’sdeath,Gratianosaid"Begthatthoumaysthaveleavetohangthyself",andDukesaid:Thatthoushaltseethedifferenceofourspirits,Ipardontheethylifebeforethouaskit.Forhalfthywealth,itisAntonio’s;Theotherhalfcomestothegeneralstate,Whichhumblenessmaydriveintoafineeq\o\ac<○,10><Act=4\*romanivScene=1\*romani>.Theythinktheresultisbest,andforgiveShylock’scapitalcrime,becauseoftheirtoleranthearts.ButforShylock,heusesducatstoloansharkingastheonlylifesource.Ifpeopletakeawayallhismoney,theymadehimsadderthankillhim.AndthenAntonioshowshismorekindness,hesaidhewilltakecareofthehalfpart,andsendsthesemoneytoShylock’sdaughterandson-in-lawafterShylockdeath,buttheconditionisShylockmustchangehisbeliefandbecomeChristian,andsignthecontract.Fromaboveanalyse,wecouldsee,arrogant,condescendingfull,unbearableChristiansshowtheir"kindness",thatispardonShylock’slifeanddeprivehiswealthandfreedomofreligion.Shylockbecomesthevictimoftheirperfectimperialismreligion.Facedwithsuchresult,whatwordsshylockcouldsaid,certainly,theansweris"Iamcontent"andmadeChristiansfeelsatisfied.3.2LawIrememberedabooksaid"Inclasssociety,thelawassuperstructuresystemisservingfortheinterestsoftherulingclass".Whileintheplay,whatBassaniosaidwhenhechoosetheleadencasketquestionedthejusticeofthelawandkindnessofthereligioninElizabethInlaw,whatpleasotaintedandcorruptBut,beingseason’dwithagraciousvoice,Obscurestheshowofevil?Inreligion,Whatdammederror,butsomesoberbrowWillblessitandapproveitwithatext,Hidingthegrossnesswithfairornament？ThereisnovicesosimplebutassumesSomemarkofvirtueonhisoutwardpartseq\o\ac<○,11><Act=3\*romaniiiScene=2\*romanii>.Thesewordswereprovedatthecourtinthe4thact.Fromthebeginning,Shylockwasabsent,DukeasajudgeandmanynobleshadstoodbythedecisionthatAntoniocouldescapefromthelegalpenalty.Itshowssharpcontrastwiththelonely,hunched,oldman—Shylock,whofirmlytruststhelawandasksforstrictlycarryingoutthecontract.Henearlywonthetrial,butallthingschangedafterPortiaappeared.Disguised,Portiamadeartfulinterpretationforthecontractandthearticlesoflaw.Althoughinmyopiniontherearemanyunreasonablepartsinherexplanation:AccordingtolawofElizabethanera,asindicter,ShylockwasrelieverfromobligationwhilehegivesuptherightofapoundofAntonio’smeat,howcanhebecomedefendantfromplaintiff?ThecontractwhichShylocksignedwithAntonioandaskedforapoundofAntonio’smeatmeansbleedwasessential-conditionthatthelawallowstoexecutethecontract.Itisallowedtocutmeatbutnobleed,howcouldachieve?ButtheseunreasonableexplanationkilledShylock.Thelawshouldbethemostseriousthing,butincapitalistsociety,itcanservefortheinterestsofthebourgeoisiethroughdifferentinterpretationinliteralmeaning.Suchlaw,insomebody’shands,itcanproducecloudswithoneturnofthehandandrainwithanother-giventoplayingtricks.Oneday,ifitwereyouinthecourt,whetheryouwouldbeanotherShylock?Thisisthetragedyoflaw,andalsoShylockcan’tescapedfromtragedy.AmericanModernphilosopherAlanBloompointedoutinhisGiantanddwarf:BloomCollection:TheJewwasanationthatbecomegreatbecausetheyarededicatedtothelawbuttheyalsodeceivedbythelaw;asthelawisShylock’sheartandsoul,thelawalsoledhimtobecollapsed,atthispoint,Shylockreachedthedignityoftragedy,heisfooledbythelaw.eq\o\ac<○,12>3.3SocialandEconomicFactorsThetimewhenShakespearewroteTheMerchantofVenicewasthatcapitalismrapiddevelopingandgraduallytoexpandoverseas.InEngland,tobuildwealthwasnationalgoal.AsShylockhasnotasocialstatus,hecan’thavelegitimatecareer,onlytobeausurer.Althoughtheseusuriessettledtheurgentneedforeconomicdevelopment,theycouldn’tcreatedwealthandcouldn’tbringinterestsforthecountry.Theywerecalledparasitebyrisingcapitalists.Becausetheyjustfill-uptheirpocketsusingotherswealth.WhileAntonioasrepresentativeofrisingcapitalistbusinessman,hewasengagedinoverseastrade,establishingtheimageofthestate,spreadingtheinfluenceoutsidetheBritishterritory.Moreover,theybroughtwealthforthecountry.Suchpeoplewerejustthosethatthestateneeded.Thus,thiseconomicconditionwasfitforShylock,andhewasdestinedtoatragedy.InElizabethanera,itwastruethattheJewswereconfiscatedwealthandwereforcedtochangetheirbelief,thus,theywerepersecutednomatterwhattheirbodyandtheirsoulwere.ShakespearestatedfortheJewsbyShylock’swords:…andwhat'shisreason?IamaJew:hathnotaJeweyes?hathnotaJewhands,organs,dimensions,senses,affections,passions?fedwiththesamefood,hurtwiththesameweapons,subjecttothesamediseases,healedbythesamemeans,warmedandcooledbythesamewinterandsummer,asaChristianis?Ifyouprickus,dowenotbleed?ifyoutickleus,dowenotlaugh?ifyoupoisonus,dowenotdie?andifyouwrongus,shallwenotrevenge?Ifwearelikeyouintherest,wewillresembleyouinthateq\o\ac<○,13><Act=3\*romaniiiScene=1\*romani>.WhatweredifferencesbetweentheJewsandChristians?WhydidtheJewshavetosuffersomuch?JustfortheyaretheJews,anddon’tbelieveChristianity,theymustbearallpeople’shatred.Butinthatsociety,Shylockjusthadthisfate.3.4FamilyandotherReasonsThepersonthatShylockcouldloveandonlylovedwashisdaughter—Jessica.Buthisdaughterhadlittleaffectiontohimandbetrayedhim,sheneverconsideredhisfather’ssadandtroubleaJewandausurer.Aroundallthehatredeyes,withdignityandpersonalityinexchangeforlittlesavingstofeedhimandhisdaughter,Jessicatakesmanyducatstoherlover—Lorenzowithouthesitation.Shylockcriesandshoutsinthestreet"mydaughter!Oh,myducats!Oh,mydaughter!".Howheartrendingsceneitwas!Manypeoplethinkthisshowshisgreed,butIthinkthisbecausehereallyfeelssad.EvenmoresadthingwashisfriendTubaltoldhi