新教材高中英语Unit4HistoryandtraditionsSectionⅣReadingforWriting教学案新人教版必修第二册

/13/13/SectionⅣReadingforWriting基础知识预习自检美丽的爱尔兰和它的传统爱尔兰美丽的乡村一直对其人民和传统有很大的影响。这个国家有孕育伟大的作家和诗人的悠久历史。美丽的乡村让所有人为之兴奋和鼓舞，刺激着每一种感官。“绿宝石(爱尔兰岛)”宁静秀美、郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，其风光堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。在海边，海浪的轰鸣声和海鸟的叫声构成了海岸音乐。在山间宁静的早晨，感受阳光照在你的皮肤上，呼吸着鲜花甜蜜的芳香，鸟儿歌唱迎接新的一天。因为这所有的美丽，爱尔兰形成了包括音乐、舞蹈和餐饮在内的浓厚传统，就不令人惊奇了。为了有机会好好感受这一切，在当地小酒吧停留，喝一杯葡萄酒或者是当地产的啤酒放松一下。更好的是，尝尝美味的传统爱尔兰炖牛肉。如果你幸运的话，你或许也可以享受传统的舞蹈和音乐。如果你能认识一个友好的人，你更有可能亲身体验当地的文化和习俗。重点知识合作探究1Itsbeautifulcountrysideexcitesandinspiresall,offeringsomethingforeachofthesenses.(教材P44)美丽的乡村让所有人为之兴奋和鼓舞，刺激着每一种感官。剖析现在分词短语offeringsomethingforeachofthesenses在句中作伴随状语。伴随状语的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。归纳拓展现在分词短语作状语的用法：(1)作时间状语；(2)作原因状语；(3)作结果状语；(4)作条件状语；(5)作方式状语。①Hesatinthearmchair,reading_a_newspaper.他坐在扶手椅上读报。②Hearing_the_news,...eyalljumpedwithjoy.(＝Whentheyheardthenews,they...)听到这个消息时，他们都高兴得跳了起来。③Not_knowing_her_adress,_Ican'twritetoher.由于不知道她的地址，我没法给她写信。④Tomfailedallhisexams,makinghisparentsveryangry.汤姆未能通过一门考试，这令他父母很生气。⑤Listening_to_Englisheveryday,you'llmakeprogressstepbystep.每天听英语，你会逐渐取得进步。⑥Hesupportedhisfamilydriving_a_taxi.他靠开出租供养家庭。(1)指出下列句子中的现在分词在句中作什么状语①Allnightlonghelayawake,thinking_of_the_problem.()②Walking_slowlyacrossthegrass,hepointedthegunatthelionandfired.()③Shecamerunning_backtotellmethenews.()④Herhusbanddiedtenyearsago,leaving_herwiththreechildrentolookafter.()⑤Being_sick,_Istayedathome.()⑥Working_hard,_you'llsurelysucceed.()答案：①伴随状语②时间状语③方式状语④结果状语⑤原因状语⑥条件状语(2)单句写作①他淋了雨，因此感冒了。Hewascaughtintherain,thus____________________________.②这条狗跟着男孩进了屋。Thedogenteredtheroom,______________________.答案：①makinghimselfcatchacold②followingtheboy2oceann.大海；海洋(教材P44)归纳拓展...oceanof...众多；大量adropintheocean沧海一粟；九牛一毛①The_Atlantic_OceanseparatesAmericafromEurope.大西洋把美洲和欧洲分隔开来。②Theshipwasfoundafterdriftingon_the_oceanforsixmonths.那条船在海上漂流了6个月后被找到了。③WhatIamtryingtodomaybejusta_drop_in_the_ocean.我努力做的事情可能只是沧海一粟。单句写作①他们可以绕岛徒步旅行或在海里游泳。Theymaygohikingaroundtheisland,orswimming________________.②与广播的真正成本相比，他的酬劳不过是九牛一毛。Hisfeeis________________comparedwiththerealcostofbroadcasting.③因特网给每个人提供了浩如烟海的信息。TheInternetserveseveryonewith________________.答案：①intheocean②adropintheocean③anoceanofinformation3greetvt.问候；迎接(教材P44)归纳拓展(1)greetsb.with以……迎接/接待某人begreetedwith/by受到……的对待/接待(2)greetingn.问候；招呼；迎接；致意①(2022·全国卷Ⅲ)Wewerefirstgreeted_withthebarkingbyapackofdogs,seventobeexact.首先迎接我们的是一群狗的吠叫，确切地说是七只。②Shegreeteduswithasmile.她微笑着向我们打招呼。③AsIapproached,shegavemeanodofgreeting.我走近时，她对我点头致意。(1)单句语法填空①Hegreetedher________asweetkiss.②Theannouncement________(greet)withsurprise.③His________(greet)wasfamiliarandfriendly.答案：①with②wasgreeted③greeting(2)单句写作我从椅子上站起来，走过去跟她打招呼。Igotupfrommychairandwentup________________.答案：togreether4Thepeacefullandscapeofthe“EmeraldIsle”anditsmanygreencountiesisatruefeastfortheeyes,withitsrollinggreenhillsdottedwithsheepandcattle.(教材P44)“绿宝石(爱尔兰岛)”宁静秀美、郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，其风光堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。剖析...withitsrolling...是“with＋宾语＋过去分词”的用法。“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，在句中通常作状语，表示伴随、方式、原因或条件等。归纳拓展with复合结构：(1)with＋宾语＋名词/形容词/副词(2)with＋宾语＋介词短语(3)with＋宾语＋现在分词(4)with＋宾语＋过去分词(5)with＋宾语＋动词不定式①Hediedwith_his_daughter_yet_a_schoolgirl.他去世时，女儿还是一个学生。(名词作宾补)②Heoftensleepswith_the_windows_open.他经常开着窗户睡觉。(形容词作宾补)③With_her_son_away_from_home,_shewasworried.她的儿子不在家，所以她很担心。(副词短语作宾补)④Theteachercameinwith_a_book_in_his_hand.老师手里拿着一本书走进来。(介词短语作宾补)⑤TheEnglishclassendedwith_all_singing_an_English_song.英语课以全体合唱一首英语歌结束。(现在分词短语作宾补)⑥With_all_the_things_she_needed_bought,_shewenthome.买了她需要的所有东西后，她回家了。(过去分词作宾补)⑦Ican'tgooutwith_all_these_clothes_to_wash.要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。(不定式作宾补)(1)单句语法填空①Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdog________(follow)them.②Withallthehomework________(finish),Jackwentouttoplaybasketball.③Withalotofhomework________(do),Tomcan'tgotothecinemawithhisfather.④Shesattherewithhereyes________(close)．答案：①following②finished③todo④closed(2)单句写作①随着考试的临近，复习一下你的课堂笔记是个不错的主意。________________________，it'sagoodideatoreviewyourclassnotes.②这个孩子没有戴帽子就出去了。Thechildwentout________________________.答案：①Withexamsapproaching②withnohaton5crowdn.人群；一群人；民众vt.挤满；使……拥挤(教材P46)归纳拓展(1)acrowdof/crowdsof成群的……；一群……thecrowd群众；老百姓；凡夫俗子...crowdaround/round...聚集在……周围；聚拢into/onto...把……装满(或塞满)……...wdinto/onto...大批涌入(狭小的空间)①Therewerecrowds_ofpeoplewaitingtogetin.有成群的人在等着进去。②Hepreferstobeoneofthe_crowd.他宁愿做个凡夫俗子。③Weallcrowded_aroundthestovetokeepwarm.我们都挤在炉边取暖。④Guestswere_crowded_intothefewremainingrooms.客人们被塞进了剩下的几个房间。(1)单句语法填空①Hewassurroundedbycrowds________journalists.②Weallcrowded________herofficetosing“HappyBirthday”．③Photographerswerecrowding________outside.答案：①of②into③around(2)单句写作我们都喜欢认为自己胜人一筹。Weallliketothinkwestandout________________.答案：fromthecrowd学习效果随堂演练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．(2022·北京高考)________(海洋)colourvariesfromgreentoblue,dependingonthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton(浮游植物)．答案：Ocean2．Heislivingnowinhismother'shome________(郡)ofOxfordshire.答案：county3．Flowersarechosenfortheir________(香味)aswellastheirlook.答案：scent4．They'vegonedownthe________(酒馆)foradrink.答案：pub5．Accordingtothelocal________(风俗),hehadtokowtowthreetimes.答案：customⅡ.单句语法填空1．Three________(cattle)brokeintothewheatfieldsanddidmuchdamage.答案：cattle2．Heisthegreatest________(poetry)whohaseverexisted.答案：poet3．Hishometownliesinthe________(roll)countrysideofsouthwesternFrance.答案：rolling4．In________(strike)contrasttotheirbrothers,thegirlswerebothintelligentandcharming.答案：striking5．Weneedtoensureasmooth________(transit)betweentheoldsystemandthenewone.答案：transitionⅢ.单句写作1．他进来了，每只手里都拿着一瓶啤酒。Hecamein________abottleofbeer________eachhand.答案：with;in2．我不仅仅代表我自己，也代表了一群在等我消息的人。Iamnotonlyrepresentingmyself,butalso________________peoplewhoarewaitingformynews.答案：acrowdof/crowdsof3．在圣诞节赠送礼品是当地的习俗。GivingpresentsatChristmasis________________.答案：alocalcustom4．这个城市遍布着小型湖泊，有天然的也有人工的。Thecity________________smalllakes,naturalandartificial.答案：isdottedwith5．因为妈妈有病，我无法去度假。(with复合结构)Iwon'tbeabletogoonholiday__________________.答案：withmymotherbeingill课后课时作业Ⅰ阅读理解ATheancientcityisinPingyaoCounty,ShanxiProvince.ThecitywallwasfirstbuiltduringtheZhouDynasty.Since1997,ithasbeenlistedasaWorldHeritageSiteeq\a\vs4\al(P1).NowPingyaocityistheonlyoneinChinacompletelyprotectedasitwashundredsofyearsago.Theperimeter(周长)ofthissquarecityis6.4kmlongandthecitywallistheearliestandlargestcitywallinChina.Itis12mhighwiththewidthof5m.Thewallwasbuiltwithearthandcoveredwithbricks.Outsidethecitywallthereisariver,4mwideand4mdeep.Thereareseveralgatesofthecity,twoeachontheeastandwestandoneeachonthesouthandnorthside.Allthegateshavetwodoorseach.Thishasgiventhecitythename“TurtleCity”withthetwogatesonthesouthandnorthstandingfortheheadandtailoftheturtleandfourgatesontheeastandwestasthefourlegs.Thedoorsonthesouthandnorthstandoppositeeachother,liketheheadoftheturtleextendingoutandtwowellsjustbeyondsoutherngatearelikeaturtle'stwoeyes.LocatedonthetraderoutebetweenBeijingandXi'an,Pingyaodevelopedintoamerchanteq\a\vs4\al(W1)centerwherethelocalpeoplesetupthenation'searliestbanks.ThesebankswerethefirstinChinatousechecks.Severaloldcourtyardseq\a\vs4\al(W2)havebeenturnedintoeq\a\vs4\al(P2)museums,mostofwhichwerehomesandofficesofPingyao'soldbanks.OneofthemostunusualaspectsofavisithereisrealizingthatthisplacewasveryimportanttoChina'sfinancialhistory.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了山西平遥古城的布局和在中国金融历史上的意义。1．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Theancientcity—Pingyao.B．China'sancientfinancialcentre—Pingyao.C．ThecitywallofPingyao.D．ThemuseumsinPingyao.答案：A主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章具体介绍了平遥古城的布局和在中国金融历史上的意义。B、C、D都是文章的部分内容，而不能概括全文。故选A。2．HowmanygatesarethereinPingyaocity?A．Four. B．Five.C．Six. D．Seven.答案：C细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Thereareseveralgatesofthecity,twoeachontheeastandwestandoneeachonthesouthandnorthside”可知，在东、西各有两个门；在南、北各有一个门。故选C。3．WhichgateinPingyaocitystandsfortheheadoftheturtle?A．Thegateonthenorth.B．Thegateonthesouth.C．Thegateontheeast.D．Thegateonthewest.答案：B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“thetwogatesonthesouthandnorthstandingfortheheadandtailoftheturtle”可知，在南边和北边的两个门分别是龟的头和尾，故选B。4．Itcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphsthat________.A．PingyaocityplayedanimportantroleinancientChina'sfinanceB．museumsinPingyaocityarenowusedforbankofficesC．PingyaocitywasoneofthelargestcitiesinancientChinaD．oldbanksinancientPingyaocityusedchecksonly答案：A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段及最后一段最后一句“OneofthemostunusualaspectsofavisithereisrealizingthatthisplacewasveryimportanttoChina'sfinancialhistory.”可推知，平遥在古代中国的金融方面起着重要的作用。故选A。1．merchantn.商人2．courtyardn.(通常为城堡、大宅第等的)庭院，院子1．WorldHeritageSite世界遗产地2．turninto变成BWindsorCastleisanofficialresidenceoftheQueenandthelargestoccupiedeq\a\vs4\al(W1)castleintheworld.Aroyalhomeandfortresseq\a\vs4\al(W2)forover900years,theCastleremainsaworkingpalacetoday.TheQueenusestheCastlebothasaprivatehome,wheresheusuallyspendstheweekend,andasaroyalresidenceatwhichsheperformscertainformalduties.EveryyeartheQueentakesupeq\a\vs4\al(P1)officialresidenceinWindsorCastleforamonthoverEaster(March－April),knownasEasterCourt.DuringthattimetheQueenhostsoccasionaleq\a\vs4\al(W3)“dineandsleep”eventsforguests,includingpoliticiansandpublicfigureseq\a\vs4\al(P2).TheQueenisalsoinresidenceforaweekinJune,whensheattendstheserviceoftheOrderoftheGarterandtheRoyalAscothorseracingmeeting.WindsorCastleisoftenusedbytheQueentohostStateVisitsfromoverseasmonarchsandpresidents.ForeignHeadsofStateentertheCastleinhorse－drawncarriagesthroughtheGeorgeⅣGatewayintothequadrangle(四方院)intheUpperWard,whereamilitaryguardofhonourisdrawnup.ThetraditionalStateBanquetisheldinStGeorge'sHall(55.5mlongand9mwide),withatableseatingupto160guests.StGeorge'sChapelremainsanactivecentreforworship(礼拜),withdailyservicesopentoall.TheChapel,togetherwiththeremainderoftheCollegeofStGeorge,isgovernedbytheDeanandCanonsofWindsor,whowiththeirofficersandstaff,areindependentoftheRoyalHousehold.VariousdepartmentsoftheRoyalHouseholdarebasedatWindsorCastle.TheancientRoundTowerhousestheRoyalArchivesandtheRoyalPhotographCollection.ThePrintRoomandRoyalLibraryhousevaluabledrawings,printsandbooksintheRoyalCollection.TheseareshowninaprogrammeofchangingexhibitionsintheCastle'sDrawingsGallery.WindsorCastleisalsoabusyvisitorattraction.ManypartsoftheCastleareopentothepublic,includingtheStateApartments,QueenMary'sfamousdolls'house,StGeorge'sChapel,andtheAlbertMemorialChapel.WhentheQueenisinofficialresidence,theChangingoftheGuardprovidesacolourfulspectacleeq\a\vs4\al(W4)inthequadrangle.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了温莎城堡的结构和用途。5．Accordingtothepassage,theRoyalAscothorseracingmeetingtakesplace________.A．inMarch B．inJuneC．atChristmas D．onweekends答案：B细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，女王6月会在温莎城堡住一周，期间她会参加皇家阿斯科特赛马会。故选B。6．WhenapresidentvisitsBritain,theQueenistogiveamilitaryguardofhonourin________.A．theUpperWard B．theGeorgeⅣGatewayC．StGeorge'sHall D．theStateApartments答案：A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“intheUpperWard,whereamilitaryguardofhonourisdrawnup”可知，上区庭院(upperward)是举行仪仗队检阅的地方，故选A。7．Accordingtothepassage,wherearetheRoyalArchivesstored?A．InthePrintRoom.B．IntheRoyalLibrary.C．IntheRoundTower.D．IntheCastle'sDrawingsGallery.答案：C细节理解题。根据第四段中的“TheancientRoundTowerhousestheRoyalArchivesandtheRoyalPhotographCollection.”可知，皇家档案室在圆形塔楼，故选C。8．What'sthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toeducate. B．Tointroduce.C．Tocriticize. D．Toamuse.答案：B推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文的目的是介绍温莎城堡，并没有教育、批评或娱乐之意。故选B。1．occupiedadj.被侵占的；使用中的；有人居住的2．fortressn.城堡；堡垒；要塞3．occasionaladj.偶尔的；偶然的；临时的4．spectaclen.壮观的景象1．takeup占据(时间，地方)2.public2.publicfigure公众人物Ⅱ七选五(2022·河南洛阳市、许昌市高三年级第一次质量检测)Filialpiety(孝心)isChina'smostimportantmoralityandinvolvesstrongdeference(顺从)toone'sparents.Thus,filialpietyisanimportantvaluewhenitcomestotreatingone'simmediatefamily,eldersandsuperiorsingeneral.OriginsFilialpietywasoriginallymentionedintheWesternZhou,__1__.MeaningFilialpietyisageneralattitudeofofferinglove,respect,support,anddeferencetoone'sparentsandothereldersinthefamily,suchasgrandparentsoroldersiblings.__2__.Besides,itinvolvesworkinghardinordertoprovidematerialcomfortsforparents.Theideastemsfromthefactthatparentsgivelifetotheirchildren,andsubsequentlysupportthemthroughouttheirdevelopingyearsintermsofprovidingfood,education,andmaterialneeds.__3__.ChinesecharacterBylookingattheChinesecharacterforfilialpiety,youwilllearnalotabouttheterm'sdefinition.__4__.Thecharacterisacombinationofthecharacterlao,whichmeansoldandzi,whichmeansson.Thetophalfofthecharacterlaoformsthetophalfofthecharacterxiao,whereasthecharacterthatrepresentssonformsthebottomhalfofthecharacter.__5__.Thecharacterxiaoshowsthattheolderpersonorgenerationisbeingsupportedbytheson,orchildreningeneral.A．letmetellyouthedefinitionoffilialpietyB．FilialpietyisclarifiedbytheChinese